tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41299973274648423372024-03-04T23:30:58.449-08:00YOUR DEMOCRACY IN EUROPEThe original concept of supranational democracy for Europe brought long-lasting peace to the Continent. EU's founder Robert Schuman described democracy as being in the service of the people and acting in agreement with the people. What's going on today? See also www.schuman.info and http://democracy.blogactiv.eu .David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.comBlogger263125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-34299781724987363172023-12-11T02:12:00.000-08:002023-12-13T04:34:38.189-08:00President Macron: Why did France block Europe's Charter of Liberty? I await answers to my letter.<div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; margin-top: 0px;"><figure style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; 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--tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><h2 style="font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left;"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; display: inline; flex-direction: column; font-size: 19px; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;"><picture style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline;"><a class="image-link is-viewable-img image2" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; display: inline; flex-direction: column; font-size: 19px; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":773,"width":692,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":589994,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":true,"internalRedirect":null}" fetchpriority="high" height="773" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png 1456w" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="692" /></a></picture></div><br /></h2><h2 style="font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left;"><br /></h2><h2 style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a class="image-link is-viewable-img image2" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0aff58a-d0e1-4759-97be-32f6e56c8677_692x773.png" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; display: inline; flex-direction: column; font-weight: 400; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank">France failed to send the key Treaty text </a> </span></h2><h2 style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;">on Fundamental Freedoms </span></h2></picture></div></figure></div><span style="font-size: large;"><h3 class="subtitle" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: var(--print_secondary, var(--print_secondary_on_web_bg_color, var(--print_secondary, var(--color-secondary)))); display: inline; font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol')); font-size: var(--font-size-18); line-height: var(--line-height-24); margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: var(--size-12); text-align: left;"></h3></span><h3 class="subtitle" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: #f5fcff; color: var(--print_secondary, var(--print_secondary_on_web_bg_color, var(--print_secondary, var(--color-secondary)))); font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol')); font-size: var(--font-size-18); font-weight: 400; line-height: var(--line-height-24); margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: var(--size-12); text-align: left;"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"></div></h3><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> to signatory Governments to become Law! WHY?</span></h2><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times; font-size: large;"><br /><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Below is my letter sent to President Emmanuel Macron about an extraordinary French failure in international law. France failed to respect its obligations that would have guaranteed European citizens their rightful Fundamental Freedoms over past decades.</strong></span></p><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol')); font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: var(--font_weight_headings_preset, bold); line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0px 0.625em; position: relative;"><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§below-is-my-letter-sent-to-president-emmanuel-macron-about-an-extraordinary-french-failure-in-international-law-france-failed-to-respect-its-obligations-that-would-have-guaranteed-european-citizens-their-rightful-fundamental-freedoms-over-past-decades" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; height: 151.465px; left: -56px; position: absolute; top: -72px; width: 56px;"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; display: flex; height: 1.2em; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 72px; width: 40px;"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://eurdemocracy.substack.com/i/139615902/below-is-my-letter-sent-to-president-emmanuel-macron-about-an-extraordinary-french-failure-in-international-law-france-failed-to-respect-its-obligations-that-would-have-guaranteed-european-citizens-their-rightful-fundamental-freedoms-over-past-decades" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border-radius: 50%; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: 40px; justify-content: center; opacity: 0; width: 40px;"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h3><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol')); font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: var(--font_weight_headings_preset, bold); line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0px 0.625em; position: relative;"><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The effective Rule of Law inside and outside the European Institutions requires that this signed treaty text be transmitted to Governments. It needs to be put into national legislation by all Member States on behalf of their citizens’ rights.</em><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§the-effective-rule-of-law-inside-and-outside-the-european-institutions-requires-that-this-signed-treaty-text-be-transmitted-to-governments-it-needs-to-be-put-into-national-legislation-by-all-member-states-on-behalf-of-their-citizens-rights" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; height: 151.465px; left: -56px; position: absolute; top: -72px; width: 56px;"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; display: flex; height: 1.2em; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 72px; width: 40px;"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://eurdemocracy.substack.com/i/139615902/the-effective-rule-of-law-inside-and-outside-the-european-institutions-requires-that-this-signed-treaty-text-be-transmitted-to-governments-it-needs-to-be-put-into-national-legislation-by-all-member-states-on-behalf-of-their-citizens-rights" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border-radius: 50%; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: 40px; justify-content: center; opacity: 0; width: 40px;"><svg class="header-anchor-widget-icon" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="currentColor" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M10 13a5 5 0 0 0 7.54.54l3-3a5 5 0 0 0-7.07-7.07l-1.72 1.71"></path><path d="M14 11a5 5 0 0 0-7.54-.54l-3 3a5 5 0 0 0 7.07 7.07l1.71-1.71"></path></svg></div></div></div></h3><h3 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol')); font-size: 1.375em; font-weight: var(--font_weight_headings_preset, bold); line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0px 0.625em; position: relative;"><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">This missing text sets out the framework and operation of the Rule of Law in all future treaties and joint action.</em></h3><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Original Misdeed</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">France sent an incomplete copy of Europe’s founding treaty to Member States. The missing text should have been made national law in all Member States. Freedom of Choice and open democracy would thus have become a much stronger foundation of Europe and strengthened national democracies.</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">The treaty itself specifies that all sections signed by plenipotentiary ministers should be transmitted together to Member States. Then Governments turn the whole treaty into national law.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Other sections of Europe’s founding treaty were made law. They founded Europe’s </span><a href="https://www.schuman.info/supra5.htm" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">five key institutions</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">: the Parliament, the European Commission with its tripartite Consultative Committee, the Council of Ministers and the Court of Justice of the Community. But the key document on citizens’ freedom and rights to appeal measures inside the institutions was not sent to the governments.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Robert Schuman, the initiator of the European Community, wrote that when a bureaucracy becomes inflexible it poses the greatest threat to democracy. The text that the French Government did not send to its partner governments details how citizens and associations, and even States, can appeal unjust operations to the Court of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in Strasbourg. It defines the relationship between the Council of Europe and the European Community and the present European Union.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Ratification blocked</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">This treaty text defines democratic control not only for Europe’s first Community but </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">all subsequent treaties</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">. All actions, additions and subtractions to treaties, the conduct of the bureaucracy, taxes and budgets have to have the full acquiescence of the European public in an open democracy.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The signed Treaty is clear. The process of ratification and national legislation too. All the sections of the first European Community treaty were to be assembled in a </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">single text.</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> A certified authentic copy was to be sent to all signatory Member States. They weren’t.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Instead the most important document was hidden away in the archives of the French Foreign Ministry. Was it sent to an oubliette to be destroyed by neglect? No action was taken to send separately the ‘</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">forgotten</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">’ or ‘</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">overlooked</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">’ document signed by plenipotentiary foreign ministers like Adenauer, Schuman, Sforza, Bech, van Zeeland, and Stikker plus ministers of commerce.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Until 2022!</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The French Foreign Ministry were aware of its existence again in 2012. They pulled it out of the archives at the request of the </span><a href="http://schuman.info/" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Schuman Project</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">. But no legal or diplomatic action was taken.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">M. Schuman had read out each word of the Charter text on 18 April 1951 in the salon de l’horloge of the Quai d’Orsay. The ministers signed their agreement to it.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">The typescript, however, was never set in special treaty typeface, like other sections. Nor was it printed on the special paper like other parts of the treaty.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The ‘</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">official</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">’ copy of the European Community treaty included the revolutionary </span><a href="https://eurdemocracy.substack.com/p/did-all-40000-eu-officials-get-their" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Single European Market</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">, the anti-cartel powers, protocols or the technical annexes on special steels, recycling, designation of coal qualities… and the privileges of officials.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">And the citizens?</strong></em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> The treaty text that described democratic guarantees and the future organic development of national and supranational democracy and safeguards against technocratic abuse … nowhere to be seen! An accident? Purposeful neglect? Who knows?</span></p><h4 class="header-with-anchor-widget" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, 'SF Compact Display', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 'Apple Color Emoji', 'Segoe UI Emoji', 'Segoe UI Symbol')); font-size: 1.125em; font-weight: var(--font_weight_headings_preset, bold); line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0px 0.625em; position: relative;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">If it was ‘</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">merely</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">’ negligence than it is an </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">error of gigantic proportions</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> that has cost billions of euros in inefficiencies and actions that must be considered corrupt as they lack a real democratic base.</span><div class="header-anchor-widget offset-top" id="§if-it-was-merely-negligence-than-it-is-an-error-of-gigantic-proportions-that-has-cost-billions-of-euros-in-inefficiencies-and-actions-that-must-be-considered-corrupt-as-they-lack-a-real-democratic-base" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; height: 74.3555px; left: -56px; position: absolute; top: -72px; width: 56px;"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; display: flex; height: 1.2em; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 72px; width: 40px;"><div class="header-anchor-widget-button" href="https://eurdemocracy.substack.com/i/139615902/if-it-was-merely-negligence-than-it-is-an-error-of-gigantic-proportions-that-has-cost-billions-of-euros-in-inefficiencies-and-actions-that-must-be-considered-corrupt-as-they-lack-a-real-democratic-base" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; 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--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">A treaty like no other</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The supranational Community is like </span><a href="http://schuman.info/fed.htm" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">no other constitutional</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> system in the world. Robert Schuman, French Foreign Minister, assured ministers that the treaty’s certified copy that the governments would receive would be special — like no other in the world.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin: var(--size-32) auto;"><figure style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Abject Failure</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">One of the most important documents — perhaps the most import document of all — was never sent to the member Governments. In it Governments acknowledge how citizens would have full rights in overseeing the normal working and changes in the Community. Any abuse, tax, budget, political abuse, unnecessary secrecy, undemocratic procedures inside the institutions could be appealed to the High Court of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in Strasbourg.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">By not transmitting this text to Member States the European Institutions and the EU have not been under control of normal Human Rights legislation. This has led to widespread abuse — the Democratic Deficit — a glaring gap in the Community process that was set up to be a model democracy for Europeans.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Path to Pariah Status</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Eu</span><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">rope’s oldest democracies shun any idea of joining the EU. The United Kingdom with its </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Magna Carta</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> that made it the mother of democracies around the world has left. This </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Great Charter</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> like the </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Community Charter</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> spelt out that a healthy society must be built on personal and associative freedoms. </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Brexit</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> should be a red warning light and siren of worse danger to come. All remaining Member States of the EU should awaken to immediate action.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">For example, the choice of the president of the European Commission is massively distorted. The President is supposed to be a model of impartiality. The States were supposed to openly nominate candidates who all Europe knew to be independent and impartial. The public could then give reasons for support or to deny them the office according to the criteria in the treaty. That has changed radically.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Instead of being </span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">non-partisan</strong></em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">, the presidents are now being chosen exclusively from a small group of </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">partisans</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">, that is, active politicians —a group that has lost the general trust of the public. Some then seek multimillion fortunes on Wall Street or with Pharmaceutical combines.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Trust? The names of the Commission President and even the President of the European Parliament are shamelessly chosen in secret by other politicians in horse-trading inside the European Council, itself meeting in secret, contrary to the explicit articles of the treaties.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Democratic Deficit</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">The following were original features of the European Community legislation. This contrasts with the present system. The Democratic Deficit has its origin in the treaty failure of the French Foreign Ministry.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">What judge would countenance the present configuration of closed door Councils, lack of democratic equality, massive debts, overrun budget that no citizen agreed to, and multiple presidents of institutions that are decided in secret cabal? </span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">No judge… except one from North Korea or Communist China!</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></span></p><ul style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px;"><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">The Council of Ministers should be fully open as much as the Parliament.</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">Parliament should be elected on the basis of one person one vote, not as at present.</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">Consultative Committees of European associations with powers to influence legislation should be elected on a European basis;</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">The European Commission should be elected by a method that ensures it has public support, and is trusted because it is fully impartial;</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">The Court should be under democratic control so that it does become selected on the basis of national bias.</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">The budget should be balanced annually. No Taxes without open public assent.</p></li></ul><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Lacking the obvious democratic controls of the Charter, the European institutions have created distortions that have led some democratic countries like Norway, Iceland and Switzerland refusing to join. Others like the United Kingdom have left. Brexit is an open admission of democratic failure of the institutions and lack of public trust. Who wants to join? States with </span><a href="https://eurdemocracy.substack.com/p/are-all-russians-evil-and-all-ukrainians" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">dubious histories</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> wanting hand-outs.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Is that the future?</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">………………………………</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Translated Text of Letter sent to President Emmanuel Macron</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Mr President of the Republic,</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">I would be grateful if you could help me resolve a political and diplomatic anomaly of great importance for European citizens and the history of Europe. I am a historian, author of books on Robert Schuman, editor of the Schuman Project, and accredited journalist within the EU in Brussels.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">In its article 100 the ECSC treaty stipulates that the original documents of the Treaty,</p><blockquote style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; border-left: var(--size-4) solid var(--background_pop); color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin: var(--size-20) 0; padding: 0px;"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin-left: var(--size-20);">'edited in a single copy, it will be deposited in the archives of the Government of the French Republic, which will send a certified copy to each of the signatory states.'</p></blockquote><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">My research in the archives shows that in 1951 the Quai d'Orsay failed to send to the signatory States of the ECSC the authenticated copies of one of the key documents, the treaty text of which was signed by all the plenipotentiary ministers on 18 April 1951.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">This text is of capital importance for the future of Europe. It is entitled </span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Joint Declaration of Ministers representing the Signatory Governments of the Treaty</strong></em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">It addresses</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">* countries that have freedom of choice '</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">pays libres de leur choix</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">,' (that is, member countries of the Council of Europe)</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">* the rights of 'millions of European inhabitants' in 'a larger and more profound community',</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">* Liaison and coordination of all European institutions with the Council of Europe and the Convention on Human Rights.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Robert Schuman called it the Charter of the Community ("</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">la Charte de la Communauté</strong></em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">") in his book, '</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Pour l'Europe</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">'. He explains its mechanism in the preface of the book on the Coal and Steel Community (CECA) by jurisconsult at the Foreign Ministry, Paul Reuter.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">In July 1950, at the beginning of the conference on the ECSC treaty, Schuman described to the national delegations the legal principles that should relate the Community to the Council of Europe. All delegations signed this joint declaration on 18 April 1951.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Schuman wrote that the Charter</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">* would encourage and stimulate direct universal suffrage,</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">* the democratic and ethical development of institutions, and</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">* thus bring to all ‘a consciousness of European unity … that would become ever more sturdy.'</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">The full text of the Charter was published in the newspapers of the time and in books. (I have sent some examples in the attachments {to the Foreign Ministry}, as well as a photograph of the authentic copy of the Treaty with its Protocols, Convention and annexes).</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin: var(--size-32) auto;"><figure style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">French Mission Failure</strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Unfortunately, certified copies of the Declaration / Charter were not sent to the signatory governments. Therefore, the Member States have not been able to transpose the Charter, signed by their minister and other plenipotentiaries, into their national legislations. This omission on the part of the Quai has had serious consequences on the process of national ratification and relations with the Council of Europe.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">In 2012, I spoke to M. Bernard Cazeneuve, Minister Delegate for Foreign Affairs at the time. The MAE service found the document in the archives and sent me a copy that I published on my site </span><a href="http://schuman.info/" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">schuman.info</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">. The absence of this key document was notified to the Belgian government who, in turn, verified that the text was not in their certified copy of the treaty sent by the MAE of Paris.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">So the Belgian government recently sent a request for a certified copy and received it from the Ministry.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">I have now received a certified copy of this important text of the treaty from the Belgian authorities.</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">In March this year I wrote to the diplomatic archives of Courneuve with some questions, but I did not receive a reply. Since then, I have written several times to the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs {ministers and its press section}. I have not received an acknowledgement of receipt.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">The French Embassy in Brussels was kind enough to transmit a copy of my letter to the Quai. I still have not received an acknowledgement or a reply.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">This is why, Monsieur le Président, I have deemed it necessary to address you about the issue.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Would you be kind enough to let me know:</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">1. How many other Member States have not received this Joint Declaration of the Treaty, signed by their ministers.</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">2. Are the French authorities planning to send certified copies to all those States that have not received the Charter?</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">3. What do the French authorities propose for the other ECSC member states? The Charter deals with the principles of law and the obligations of the institutions and the States in relation to the new Communities after and beyond the ECSC (for example the EEC and Euratom).</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">4. For what reason did the ministry not transmit this text to the other signatory States in accordance with article 100? Are there documents that would throw light on this failure? If Yes, could you send me copies?</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">I would like to add that the legal recognition of the Community Charter could resolve a long-standing problem. This is the obligation, imposed by the Treaty of Lisbon (TEU article 6, and protocol 8), for the EU to adhere to the Convention on Human Rights of the Council of Europe. This legal framework for the '</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">countries of peoples exercising free choice</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">' was manifestly the intention of Schuman and the founding fathers, and what the public expected as safeguards when European unity was first being formulated by the European Community.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The </span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Council of Europe</strong></em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> in the framework of its statutory means, wrote Schuman, '</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">renders and continue to render real services: it is a beacon that illuminates the route of Europe</strong></em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">.'</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">May I express my gratitude to you, Monsieur le Président de la République,</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Yours sincerely,</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">David Price</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">Schuman Project</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;">………………………………………………..</p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><br /></strong></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Original French text follows</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">.</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">David Heilbron Price</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Editor, </span><a href="http://schuman.info/" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Schuman Project</a><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Bruxelles</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> le 8 décembre 2023</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Charte de la Communauté européenne.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /></strong><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Monsieur le Président de la République,</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Je vous serais reconnaissant si vous pourriez m'aider à résoudre une anomalie politique et diplomatique d'une grande importance pour les citoyens européens et l'histoire de l'Europe. Je suis historien, auteur de livres sur Robert Schuman, éditeur du Projet Schuman, et journaliste accrédité au sein de la UE à Bruxelles.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Le Traité de Paris CECA (Communauté du Charbon et de l'Acier) dans son article 100 stipule que les documents originaux du Traité,</span></p><blockquote style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; border-left: var(--size-4) solid var(--background_pop); color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin: var(--size-20) 0; padding: 0px;"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin-left: var(--size-20);">'rédigé en un seul exemplaire, sera déposé aux archives du Gouvernement de la République Française, qui remettra une copie conforme certifiée à chacun des gouvernements des Etats signataires.'</p></blockquote><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Mes recherches aux archives ont montré qu'en 1951 le Quai d'Orsay n'avait pas envoyé aux Etats signataires de la CECA de copies authentifiées d'un des documents clé, dont le texte (traité) a été signé par tous les ministres plénipotentiaires le 18 avril 1951.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Ce texte d'une importance capitale pour l'avenir de l'Europe s'intitulait Déclaration commune des Ministres représentant les Gouvernements signataires du Traité.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Il s'adresse</span></p><ul style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px;"><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">aux 'pays libres de leur choix,' (c'est à dire, pays membres du Conseil de l'Europe)</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">aux 'millions d'habitants européens,' et leurs droits dans 'une communauté plus large et plus profonde',</p></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: var(--size-8) 0 0 var(--size-32);"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, var(--color-primary)); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px; padding-left: var(--size-4);">à la liaison et à la coordination des institutions européennes avec le Conseil de l'Europe et sa Convention des Droits de l'Homme. </p></li></ul><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Robert Schuman l'appelait la "</span><strong style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Charte de la Communauté</strong><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">" dans son livre, '</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Pour l'Europe</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">'. Il expliqua son mécanisme dans la préface du livre sur la CECA du jurisconsulte au Quai, Paul Reuter. En juillet 1950, au début de la conférence sur le traité CECA, Schuman décrit aux délégations nationales les principes juridiques qui devraient relier la Communauté au Conseil de l'Europe. Toutes les délégations ont signé cette Déclaration commune le 18 avril 1951.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Schuman écrit que la Charte</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">* encouragerait et stimulerait le suffrage universel direct,</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">* le développement démocratique et éthique des institutions, et</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">* mettrait ainsi en évidence '</span><em style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">une conscience d'une unité européenne ...qui prendrait davantage corps.</em><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">'</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Le texte intégral de la Charte fut publié dans les journaux de l'époque et dans des livres. (J'en ai envoyé quelques exemples dans les attachements, ainsi qu'une photographie de la copie conforme du Traité avec ses Protocoles, Convention et annexes).</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin: var(--size-32) auto;"><figure style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Malheureusement, des copies certifiées conformes de la Déclaration / Charte n'ont pas été envoyées aux gouvernements signataires. Par conséquent, les États membres n'ont pas été en mesure de transposer la Charte, signée par leur ministre et d'autres plénipotentiaires, dans leurs législations nationales.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Cette omission de la part du Quai a donc eu de graves conséquences sur le processus de ratification nationale et les relations avec le Conseil de l'Europe.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">En 2012 j'en ai parlé à M. Bernard Cazeneuve le Ministre délégué aux Affaires étrangères à l'époque. Le service du MAE a trouvé le document dans les archives et m'a envoyé une copie que j'ai publiée sur mon site </span><a href="http://schuman.info/" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">schuman.info</a><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">L'absence de ce document clé a été notifiée au gouvernement belge qui, en suite, a vérifié que le texte n'était pas dans leur copie certifiée conforme du traité envoyée par le MAE de Paris.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Ainsi le gouvernement belge a récemment envoyé une demande de copie certifiée conforme et l'a reçu de la part du Ministère.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">J'ai maintenant reçu une copie conforme de cet important texte du traité de la part des autorités belges.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; 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border-radius: 6px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: var(--size-32); justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: var(--size-12); top: var(--size-12); transition: all var(--animation-timing-fast) var(--animation-smoothing); width: var(--size-32);"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="16" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="16" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">En mars j'ai écrit aux archives diplomatiques de Courneuve avec quelques questions, mais je n'ai pas reçu une réponse.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Depuis, j’ai écrit à plusieurs reprises au ministère des Affaires étrangères et européennes. Je n'ai pas reçu d'accusé de réception. L'Ambassade de France à Bruxelles a eu la gentillesse d'en transmettre également une copie de ma lettre au Quai. Je n'ai toujours pas d'accusé de réception ni de réponse.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">C'est pourquoi, Monsieur le Président, je me permets de vous adresser.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Auriez-vous l'amabilité de me le faire savoir :</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">1. Combien d'autres États membres n'ont-ils pas reçu cette Declaration commune du traité, signée par leurs ministres.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">2. Les autorités françaises envisagent-elles d'envoyer des copies certifiées conformes à tous ces États qui n'ont pas reçu la Charte?</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">3. Que proposent les autorités françaises pour les autres États membres ultérieurs de la CECA? La Charte traite des principes de Droit et des obligations des institutions et des États à l'égard des nouvelles Communautés après et au-delà de la CECA (par exemple la CEE et l'Euratom).</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">4. Pour quelle raison le Quai d'Orsay n’a-t-il pas pensé à adresser ce texte aux autres Etats concernés, conformément à l’article 100 CECA? Y a-t-il des documents et de la correspondance concernant cette défaillance? Si oui, pourriez-vous m'envoyer des copies?</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Je voudrais ajouter que la reconnaissance juridique de la Charte de la Communauté pourrait résoudre un problème de longue date. Il s'agit de l'obligation, imposée par le Traité de Lisbonne (TUE article 6, et le protocole 8), pour l'UE d'adhérer à la Convention des Droits de l'Homme du Conseil de l'Europe. Cet encadrement legal pour les 'pays libres de leur choix' était manifestement l'intention de Schuman et des pères fondateurs, et ce que le public attendait au début de l'unité européenne faite par la Communauté.</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Le Conseil de l'Europe dans le cadre de ses moyens statuaires, écrit Schuman, 'à rendu et continue à rendre de réels services: c'est un phare qui éclaire la route de l'Europe.'</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Un grand merci à vous, Monsieur le Président de la République,</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Cordialement,</span></p><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0 0 var(--size-20) 0;"><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /><span style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">David Price</span><br style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" /></p><p><span face="Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"" style="background-color: #f5fcff; color: #3e5b67; font-size: 19px;">Schuman Project</span></p><p> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-46952357607892675552022-08-31T15:48:00.000-07:002022-08-31T15:48:06.358-07:00Did Gorbachev collapse the Soviet Union? No Schuman predicted the USSR fall in the 1950s. <p> <span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px;">In 1917 the Soviets’ socialist ‘</span><em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px;">dictatorship of the people’</em><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px;"> overturned the 500-hundred year old </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Russia" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px;">Czarist</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px;"> establishment. For many people, especially those fully aware of World War 2 history, the Soviet Union seemed a permanent feature of world politics. But the Soviet Union disappeared in 1991, nearly seventy-five years after the Soviet Revolution.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; 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height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cd9e11f-30a4-4495-96af-5af34350d1cf_197x185.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cd9e11f-30a4-4495-96af-5af34350d1cf_197x185.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cd9e11f-30a4-4495-96af-5af34350d1cf_197x185.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1cd9e11f-30a4-4495-96af-5af34350d1cf_197x185.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); 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--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="197" /></picture><div style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Was Mikhail Gorbachev (1931-2022) personally responsible for destroying it? Many commentators seem to think so. They say he was responsible for not only dismantling communism but the Soviet empire, thus stoking local wars and a chain of events leading to Vladimir Putin and the European Union’s undeclared war on Russia. We can add to that the EU’s apparent present tendency to economic suicide. The latter is obviously solely the fault of the decades-long, </span><a href="https://eurdemocracy.substack.com/p/world-destroyer-eus-geopolitical" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">disastrous geopolitical</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> strategy of Brussels.</span></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Soviet surge to World Power</strong></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">In WW2 the USSR sacrificed millions of its soldiers in the fight against Nazi Germany. Under the orders of the Communist dictator Joseph Stalin, it had changed from a rural, agricultural economy to one which was not only industrial but technologically advanced.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">It was on the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_space_program" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">up and up</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">.</span></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">To prove it, the USSR launched the first earth satellite, Sputnik 1, on 4 October 1957.</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":213,"width":260,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":8312,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"internalRedirect":null}" height="213" loading="lazy" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2da6b126-7afa-400f-a61b-a87cb39cd048_260x213.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="260" /></picture><div style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">They had major, high tech rocket power to launch it into space.</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link is-viewable-img image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":299,"width":441,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":25695,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"internalRedirect":null}" height="299" loading="lazy" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7ba125ba-7fe0-4f62-8645-6150bb3ec1bb_441x299.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="441" /></picture><div class="image-link-expand" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); border-radius: 4px; cursor: pointer; display: flex; height: 40px; justify-content: center; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: 16px; top: 16px; transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) 0s; width: 40px;"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The USSR then launched Laika, the first dog, a female, into space.</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/daaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":162,"width":220,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":13772,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"internalRedirect":null}" height="162" loading="lazy" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fdaaaa7c0-b5cf-46b7-bb31-42128a9d2327_220x162.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="220" /></picture><div style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">It launched the first man in space, Yuri Gagarin.</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link is-viewable-img image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb8abeb0c-686e-476b-9ef5-82130256c767_474x355.jpeg" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; cursor: zoom-in; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); 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opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: 16px; top: 16px; transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) 0s; width: 40px;"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Then to show off its ideological socialism and claim a further first before the USA, the USSR later launched the first woman in space, Valentina </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentina_Tereshkova" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Tereshkova</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">. She spent nearly three days in space.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; 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padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><div class="image2-inset" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex; position: relative;"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13488a46-af39-4a13-a6c0-1b581956e64f_170x241.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13488a46-af39-4a13-a6c0-1b581956e64f_170x241.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13488a46-af39-4a13-a6c0-1b581956e64f_170x241.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F13488a46-af39-4a13-a6c0-1b581956e64f_170x241.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); 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opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: 16px; top: 16px; transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) 0s; width: 40px;"><svg class="lucide lucide-maximize2" fill="none" height="20" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" stroke="#FFFFFF" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">That was not all.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The USSR also claimed the first space walk.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">On 12 September 1959, the Soviet team sent a satellite, </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_2" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Luna 2</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">, loaded with radio telemetry and a Sodium flare for astronomers to see it on its way to the Moon.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; 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font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">It carried two spheres with 72 Titanium alloy pendants that were scattered over the eastern Mare Imbrium giving lasting proof of the USSR achievement.</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; 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--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c9adef59-371a-4644-9542-24bdbbf15c40_220x165.jpeg","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":165,"width":220,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":5016,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"internalRedirect":null}" height="165" loading="lazy" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9adef59-371a-4644-9542-24bdbbf15c40_220x165.jpeg" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9adef59-371a-4644-9542-24bdbbf15c40_220x165.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9adef59-371a-4644-9542-24bdbbf15c40_220x165.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9adef59-371a-4644-9542-24bdbbf15c40_220x165.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9adef59-371a-4644-9542-24bdbbf15c40_220x165.jpeg 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="220" /></picture><div style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Till then the </span><a href="https://www.foxnews.com/story/timeline-u-s-space-program-history" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">USA</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> had not yet been able to put a man up even into sub-orbital space for a dozen minutes and bring him safely down. That did not occur until 1961.</span></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">It seemed that the Soviet Union was not only a permanent fixture of world politics, but that it was outstripping the USA as the leading technological power. Was it set for world dominance?</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The Soviet Union will collapse</strong></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Was the second half of the 20th century to be the Soviet century?</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Not at all, according to Robert Schuman, the initiator and founder of the European Community. Schuman had been twice prime minister of France. He had helped initiate the great institutions of Europe: the Council of Europe, NATO, and the European Payments Union.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The Soviet Union would collapse before the turn of the century</em><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">, he </span><a href="https://www.schuman.info/Berlin.htm" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">told</a><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"> three young parliamentary colleagues at Strasbourg in 1959. One of these young politicians, Hans-August Luecker, told me that the three were more embarrassed than impressed by this conclusion and his call for responsible and anticipatory action.</span></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">But it was part of a consistent and persistent theme of Schuman’s speeches.</p><blockquote style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; border-left: 4px solid var(--background_pop); color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; margin: 1em 0px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">'</span><em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">We must construct Europe, not in the interest of the free peoples alone but also to be able to welcome in it the peoples of the East, who freed from the repression that they have been subject to until the present, will ask us for their adhesion and for our moral support. ... We consider as integrating part of a living Europe all those who desire to rejoin us in a reconstituted Community. We pay homage to their courage and their faithfulness as well as their suffering and their sacrifices.</em><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">' (Quoted in my short book, </span><em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">New Cold War or Common European Home</em><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">, p vii, 1997. A copy of this was sent to European Commissioners and one was presented to Mikhail Gorbachev.)</span></p></blockquote><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Thus while the Soviet Union was probably at the height of its power, Schuman predicted the fall of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev was still in his twenties.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What were Schuman’s analyses and deductions? Several lines of approach could be envisaged, as Schuman was an expert statistician.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">His conclusions and arguments were sufficient to convince the German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. He said that grandchildren of the present Soviet leaders would not be Communist.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">This conclusion, vital for the future of the West, seems not to have been made by the Central Intelligence Agency of the USA. It was not followed by Western European leaders. They all seem to have been taken by surprise by the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, as were many other people.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: Spectral, serif, -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Is it too late for Brussels to learn the lessons it neglected?</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-78983534588457599742022-08-10T13:51:00.003-07:002022-08-10T16:08:05.426-07:00Real Reason for the FBI Mar-a-Lago raid: The public worldwide outraged. For what motive? What object?<div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><h3 style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "SF Compact Display", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 1.375em; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 0px 0px 0.625em;">Neither the Biden regime, nor the Federal Bureau of Investigation wants to cause a Republican mega victory in November. So why did the FBI bust into Trump’s property?<div id="m_5793641607515864806§neither-the-biden-regime-nor-the-federal-bureau-of-investigation-wants-to-cause-a-republican-mega-victory-in-november-so-why-did-the-fbi-bust-into-trumps-property" style="font-size: 16px; height: 19.1875px; line-height: 26px; width: 56px;"><div style="display: flex; height: 1.2em; line-height: 26px; width: 40px;"></div></div></h3></div><div><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; text-align: left;">No other US president in history has had to submit to the indignity of a police raid like that of 8 August.</p></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">‘<em>We are no better than a third world country, a banana republic,</em>’ Trump wrote in a press release. ‘<em>Biden knew all about this , just like he knew all about Hunter’s deals</em>’ with corrupt people in Ukraine, Russia and China.</p></div></blockquote><div><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The FBI refused to let Trump’s lawyer examine their warrant. They expelled Christina Bobb while they made their search.</p></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; text-align: left;">‘<em>Why did they STRONGLY insist on having nobody watching them, everyone out?</em>’ Trump asked. ‘<em>Obama and Clinton were never ‘raided’ despite big disputes.</em>’</p></div></blockquote><div><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The motive for the shock raid was allegedly to find the documents destined for the National Archives, but FBI officials did not just search the boxes in the basement where they were kept. They intruded themselves everywhere. They bust open President Trump’s safe. That must have involved permission sought and given by Merrick Garland, Attorney General of the Department of Justice, Christopher Wray, head of the FBI, and lawyers in the White House, perhaps including Biden himself. He will take the rap for it.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What were the FBI looking for in Trump's safe or Milania's closet? Why, if the motive was these archive documents, did the FBI not first send him a polite request followed by subpoena? Apparently the boxes that Trump took with him had already been communicated to the national archives. No problem was reported. The president has authority to declassify all documents. So the alleged motive of national security does not stand up. Presidents often take such documents with them for their presidential libraries. The FBI never raided the files of Barack Hussein Obama or George Bush.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Why did the FBI send so many officers (30 to 100?) from Washington?</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Why did they undertake such a controversial operation that would only enrage the Trump supporters? That makes a Republican surge in upcoming elections even more likely.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Why did they wait till Trump was out of town?</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Here's my guess. </p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">I do not think they were looking for documents for the national archives. Trump has life-long powers to de-classify all documents and had already done so on major issues (but the FBI etc was slow-walking them).</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The magistrate <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/ada7584f-77c5-4a40-8920-f5ac899d217f?r%3Dyweth&source=gmail&ust=1660249477825000&usg=AOvVaw0Xmqe5rUjrRO4b37Cq77Wv" href="https://substack.com/redirect/ada7584f-77c5-4a40-8920-f5ac899d217f?r=yweth" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">Bruce Reinhard</a> wrote the warrant. He had a long-time work record working with <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/f95231db-6335-4230-bdf7-eb4d97b43a53?r%3Dyweth&source=gmail&ust=1660249477825000&usg=AOvVaw3NnjOSw2uMEjQfMq2U14Qm" href="https://substack.com/redirect/f95231db-6335-4230-bdf7-eb4d97b43a53?r=yweth" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">Jeffrey Epstein</a>'s people as a defense lawyer. Epstein ‘<em><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/86b94f38-1937-4bfc-9526-a0009e70139c?r%3Dyweth&source=gmail&ust=1660249477825000&usg=AOvVaw0c8aFm8Ntmwm6pxPMCSldd" href="https://substack.com/redirect/86b94f38-1937-4bfc-9526-a0009e70139c?r=yweth" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">died</a></em>’ in prison while awaiting trial for global sex-trafficking.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Here is my impression of the most explosive document that would implode on the major enemies of Trump. A time bomb. Clinton, Gates and others have made numerous trips on Epstein’s aircraft known as the <em>Lolita Express</em> to his private island. Epstein’s partner, Ghislaine Maxwell, was convicted of involvement in this pedophilia and high-level blackmail operation.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">But the client list of world VIPs involved in this operation was not published at the time of the <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/33398784-c5c4-4ab2-8ad4-6d19d878eb93?r%3Dyweth&source=gmail&ust=1660249477825000&usg=AOvVaw3M7Sx-ektcae-tO8Jvbe01" href="https://substack.com/redirect/33398784-c5c4-4ab2-8ad4-6d19d878eb93?r=yweth" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">Ghislaine Maxwell</a> trial. This is a blackmail list on pedophilia to beat all lists. It has names of top politicians, financiers and scientists and their foibles that lays them open for control by several intelligence services (including the Israelis).</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Why was it not published as evidence at the trial? Where is Epstein's little black book?</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The safest way to keep secrets is not to put them on the internet, especially if you are dealing with intelligence agencies, experts in cyber-crime. Hence the little black book has always been the safest for blackmailers.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Who took charge of it afterwards? And other compromising evidence. The FBI does not seem to know where the Hunter Biden laptop is! In it he describes his relationship with the person he called China’s top spy and the money he received.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><span style="background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; font-family: -apple-system, "system-ui", "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 15px;">The little black book is probably the WORLD'S MOST VALUABLE DOCUMENT. It gives the dirt about how to control Arab oil sheikhs, billionaire financiers, the leaders of the world's most powerful nations, global banks and how to distort scientific results to exploit the wealth of the world, maintain geostrategic control of vital foods and medicines, and encourage the depopulation of 'unwanted' peoples.</span></p><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 550px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 8px auto; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td><td align="left" style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;" width="624"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/0e5e90ea-2e96-455c-9596-b14cc67b1057?r%3Dyweth&source=gmail&ust=1660249477825000&usg=AOvVaw21hRL-sqwpbsNesMW1CUKy" href="https://substack.com/redirect/0e5e90ea-2e96-455c-9596-b14cc67b1057?r=yweth" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="border: none; color: #1155cc; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="CToWUd" data-bit="iit" height="733.3333333333334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEj9cSf9AKxn5f_RNNFKbCfzo4fIdH2i-vAORjYWItq4HukvcpwI7ewe_QZu6Ep3rW9fVfsaqQUS_wvTTUtoncQDXjcbud98Iom3lDML-ILHmabMOaDZfk5iF7NjL3tzokA7Y7le1cS4riY5O33Uqad_0fausu2bRKWKvD_sfzi45NL0ifKO2FrTb9OCa9Ck2czRID846i7sN9-disYNOZbWWy3kZBjjukPsaZDBNJ3bwjyIkydhvpIkMRx6oa8VvJUP7tLe7L2Z9Ik5jXLP_0v9s6YI6sSN8llQISLWq3IOsTkcsTlEXwS0GZ34bZNxiS7CoFEHzVTPlaIuMshrLBOw9clL6BvBfSmmQT9WlZygpApEoROIK9veUC2pHXSjvFvkWEJPx_noAZFBs1tziV4V=s0-d-e1-ft,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc2967b3-3e8b-492b-87db-fe00a23d16ee_624x832.jpeg" style="border: none; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="550" /></a></td><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The person who has right to place in safe-keeping this highly sensitive information of criminal activity and treason is the US president. It does not take much brain to realise that this black book with the names of world presidents, prime ministers, top politicians, billionaires, together with the most influential scientists (another Epstein speciality) would be placed in safe-keeping during President Trump’s administration.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Where is it now?</p></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-60924010436735177142022-07-12T19:55:00.005-07:002022-07-12T20:03:50.574-07:00Banned! Buried! Forbidden! Europe's Bill of Rights<p> </p><div dir="auto" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding: 16px 0px 0px;"><div style="line-height: 26px;"><h1 style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "SF Compact Display", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 1.625em; line-height: 33.8px; margin: 0.378em 0px 0px;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/2/eyJlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9ldXJkZW1vY3JhY3kuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tL3AvYmFubmVkLWJ1cmllZC1mb3JiaWRkZW4tZXVyb3Blcy1iaWxsP3Rva2VuPWV5SjFjMlZ5WDJsa0lqbzFPRFl4T1RFME1Td2ljRzl6ZEY5cFpDSTZOak0zTVRJME5EUXNJbWxoZENJNk1UWTFOelkzT1RBMU5pd2lhWE56SWpvaWNIVmlMVFUzTXpRM01pSXNJbk4xWWlJNkluQnZjM1F0Y21WaFkzUnBiMjRpZlEuRDY0VnFVTEY5NzlQbTVKTDZETmg2QzVSWGUxS3U3LTZUcnlRVERWNWZoRSIsInAiOjYzNzEyNDQ0LCJzIjo1NzM0NzIsImYiOmZhbHNlLCJ1Ijo1ODYxOTE0MSwiaWF0IjoxNjU3Njc5MDU2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMCIsInN1YiI6ImxpbmstcmVkaXJlY3QifQ.KjJxC9X8H4OikWW7kAywf-syIEc8Rg8PnGiaO_XFnxU?&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw368ah1a3SQ-t5kn4hwy_rZ" href="https://substack.com/redirect/2/eyJlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9ldXJkZW1vY3JhY3kuc3Vic3RhY2suY29tL3AvYmFubmVkLWJ1cmllZC1mb3JiaWRkZW4tZXVyb3Blcy1iaWxsP3Rva2VuPWV5SjFjMlZ5WDJsa0lqbzFPRFl4T1RFME1Td2ljRzl6ZEY5cFpDSTZOak0zTVRJME5EUXNJbWxoZENJNk1UWTFOelkzT1RBMU5pd2lhWE56SWpvaWNIVmlMVFUzTXpRM01pSXNJbk4xWWlJNkluQnZjM1F0Y21WaFkzUnBiMjRpZlEuRDY0VnFVTEY5NzlQbTVKTDZETmg2QzVSWGUxS3U3LTZUcnlRVERWNWZoRSIsInAiOjYzNzEyNDQ0LCJzIjo1NzM0NzIsImYiOmZhbHNlLCJ1Ijo1ODYxOTE0MSwiaWF0IjoxNjU3Njc5MDU2LCJpc3MiOiJwdWItMCIsInN1YiI6ImxpbmstcmVkaXJlY3QifQ.KjJxC9X8H4OikWW7kAywf-syIEc8Rg8PnGiaO_XFnxU?" style="color: #1a1a1a; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Banned! Buried! Forbidden! Europe's Bill of Rights</a></h1><h3 style="color: #767676; font-family: "SF Compact Display", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 8px 0px;">EU Commission's Censorship from Jean Monnet to von der Leyen</h3><table style="margin: 1em 0px;"><tbody><tr><td style="margin: 0px;"><div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px;"><br /></div></td><td style="margin: 0px;"><div style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 1em; margin-left: 12px;"><div style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/254a03d8-b363-483f-bcce-6f3e47e32d19?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw1wtHmBXFYqDB5SjS-BMSEY" href="https://substack.com/redirect/254a03d8-b363-483f-bcce-6f3e47e32d19?u=58619141" style="color: #1a1a1a; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">David Heilbron Price</a></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="height: 20px; margin: 4px 0px 0px;"><tbody><tr><td style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 9px 0px 0px;"><br /></td><td style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 12px 2px 0px; white-space: nowrap;" title="2022-07-13T02:24:14.449Z"><time datetime="2022-07-13T02:24:14.449Z">Jul 13 2022</time></td><td style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 12px 0px 0px; text-indent: 3px; white-space: nowrap;"></td><td style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 12px 0px 0px; text-indent: 3px; white-space: nowrap;"><br /></td><td style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-indent: 3px; white-space: nowrap;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div dir="auto" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 26px; padding: 16px 0px 0px;"><div dir="auto" style="line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 12px; text-align: initial; width: 550px; word-break: break-word;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>Banned!</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Seventy years have past since Jean Monnet chaired the first meeting of the European Commission in Luxembourg. It was then called the High Authority. It is the central innovation of the European Community of Coal and Steel. It brought peace to Europe for the first time in more than two millennia.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxNFmOK5x7wfVFl7VOEZhr6XbiKXJjDKfjeoUrJnnLbvW65oe4TuQfr-vXrxbLFcTRClp_Z54oXZhgOQnq9IKZK7KTPSZxMk2E3pH60h9Un6vVjLfsYzTc75KRwAOJr8dEtHEH4eteNgLbyUiuijKTB59wnHI_Lp-_Z9GDSXJd11cuSmQRKquRQLm7VA/s300/jean-monnet-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="300" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxNFmOK5x7wfVFl7VOEZhr6XbiKXJjDKfjeoUrJnnLbvW65oe4TuQfr-vXrxbLFcTRClp_Z54oXZhgOQnq9IKZK7KTPSZxMk2E3pH60h9Un6vVjLfsYzTc75KRwAOJr8dEtHEH4eteNgLbyUiuijKTB59wnHI_Lp-_Z9GDSXJd11cuSmQRKquRQLm7VA/s1600/jean-monnet-3.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><br /><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><br /><br /></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">How? It provided the democratic and just means to adjudicate between coal and steel <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/33dad018-1623-4240-8088-a2f11d4dc8f8?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw0UvPzbxp36cM-gaVSTbqnT" href="https://substack.com/redirect/33dad018-1623-4240-8088-a2f11d4dc8f8?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">cartels</a>, the national and multinational entities (greater than States) that incited Europe to seemingly endless wars. The High Authority was acclaimed as Europe’s Honest Broker.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Was it honest under Jean Monnet? No, not really. Today’s troubles stem from Monnet’s mistakes.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The first major act of the High Authority was to assemble a bureaucracy and make available the Treaty of Paris to the officials. This was the international agreement that defined their work, their relations with other institutions and their goals.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The officials were all given a bound copy of the Treaty with a black cover.</p><div style="line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 550px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 8px auto; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td><td align="left" style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;" width="576"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/5021afaf-70ca-4bcc-afc3-ffdfa4c903aa?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw0V-GNGG_XU4sheTKw1O1Cf" href="https://substack.com/redirect/5021afaf-70ca-4bcc-afc3-ffdfa4c903aa?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="border: none; color: #1155cc; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="CToWUd" height="733.3333333333334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEjvqWJAkAzvyMLL1WY6CB9_4YCJ8eURl6T7fnzYgOUdbuDg08mj2h4CQH5kNZSbZi9E8bM2t6jo4DkINXU0XVI4Eeg-EBc81Y7tm-VtCKSB9l33VXIeUm2liEHjZWgP2CoYlE9n3QoUmtBwoHKjEeV5IjCrVY-SBu41UPOwAqb9N9Zv9OlFr2f9MXpD9whXGNdLxHN5b-q3CSlT31FoYWySD-ckiVcTaJNLKWRTHhalZzUHG6lRMjOrF8gEaYJUzS2_0piRS9PZpudGLAbCuoQSEw7BFH6wbp4QuH908BHPpy4CzJKUZRchxUkMBC_lkMnCtM8kVMej-PSJIbsRr7WHo9A3OHY71-aGvygIqrG8JlQ5GiqVPzfxX8z0QvPRiekUrXKo5wJ4d88uOWEn1mXo=s0-d-e1-ft,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F29252492-d422-4992-8c77-885ff8acc87f_576x768.jpeg" style="border: none; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="550" /></a></td><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">But Horror of horrors! It lacked one essential document in the Treaty.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Guess what Monnet left out?</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Clue: Monnet was concerned about the autonomy of the Community and wanted to run the High Authority unhindered. To make his position clear, he <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/7e81d5ee-5400-4343-b060-c12ee0714c47?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw2o6ylaIV0UXmEtZeTPruxQ" href="https://substack.com/redirect/7e81d5ee-5400-4343-b060-c12ee0714c47?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">wrote</a> to the Council of Europe Secretary General just days after taking office.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">On 1 August 1952, he wrote to Schuman’s former colleague, Jacques-Camille Paris, then Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Acting under Foreign Minister Schuman, he had negotiated the creation of the Council of Europe as a Director for Europe at the French Foreign Ministry.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Monnet wrote (on notepaper of the Planning Agency, not the High Authority!):</p><blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid rgb(119, 86, 227); margin: 1em 0px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em;">‘The role and nature of the Council of Europe are, as you are aware, wholly different from the European Community.’</p></blockquote><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">This was one of the first shots in what became the battle between the two Schuman institutions. It set the two organisations on different paths when they should have been working together.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Robert Schuman had made this clear when in August 1950, just after he had launched the Schuman Plan for the European Community, he presented to the Council of Europe the outline of the Community institutions and how they would work together to reinforce Human Rights in Europe.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The first three Community treaties (Coal and Steel, Euratom, EEC) were all discussed in the Council of Europe. Monnet’s ill-judged action gave later politicians the unfounded belief that they could create treaties totally independently of human rights considerations.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">They could override rejections in national parliaments. They could ignore referendums that rejected their drafts. They could install these fraudulent treaties lacking public support as if they were authentically democratic.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The least the public should expect is that Community treaties have full public support. It should be democratic. That is not the case for the like of the Lisbon/ Constitutional Treaties. They are imposed on the public against obvious pubic rejection. Brexit was the consequence of this Democratic Deficit.</p><div style="line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 550px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 8px auto; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td><td align="left" style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;" width="307"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/19e271d9-599b-4db1-8ab9-131e2e8c087d?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw1-YC8fTNElYsEIxAwwhsqC" href="https://substack.com/redirect/19e271d9-599b-4db1-8ab9-131e2e8c087d?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="border: none; color: #1155cc; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="CToWUd" height="466" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEi5QInMBm_H8c5uWlZ_sAFn31lcvC7C5NBc6uWTcgwgbGu51ZoNUCulfh5Um-XqG8yq_OWtOJcFEuQuEBkv4xN9Ga79dBWGUcsFjanHG86XPiiBN4pBQTDXn5YyPq2qZGJgUfq4sOQLP5vL-DjE8IYMqCtWVD8ycqOhzWYXaii3nQZlATraYepA1hUoS5neiAgc4U0ycv6q9MuG54ZhFa0RKtvs50mmRytNVtuV7cnJGX4OJKpxWT4wc4JXvkEUfUhlDKKzDcWwvck0OQ1TbIkVjqJeB3u_xin-3tuI8-VsECSgK-5EfO6OilDBeHZqCmSKmXv-awXbHrQm-wUek9K6_FZlJI2YHBTXlu774wA4lQZiPRAB-klj6RTlpSaww0FeyePhGzqbnPwfk4ukLFg=s0-d-e1-ft,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F624b0336-4bf9-49fa-9a58-8eaea124c508_307x466.jpeg" style="border: none; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="307" /></a></td><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><h6 style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: "SF Compact Display", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 1em 0px 0.625em;">Charlie McCreevy was European Commissioner 2004 to 2010.</h6><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">How did this happen? Was the first treaty defining the institutions defective or was Jean Monnet as president of the High Authority responsible for the problem?</p><div style="line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 550px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 8px auto; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td><td align="left" style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;" width="578"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/2dbe8be4-779c-41c1-b89c-3bbcabf85e7d?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw1Jal3229k4YxMYEI8YJQYk" href="https://substack.com/redirect/2dbe8be4-779c-41c1-b89c-3bbcabf85e7d?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="border: none; color: #1155cc; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="CToWUd" height="473.87543252595157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEg_lksO4ISNeEFRnCk-FUk1SI2DzZ6SC-bwhkZUW9zHCS_pG9qEJql3B-z3m6tNHNY-qBmhFITSQZ-9RNCD3O-Ld_9aHevz20DRd5f5993L1FHfpRl9H-laJLEqirvNE-cEefGCELgPq1sfi65X4TwtnYO4niEPTs_ZnGBeL3SSMg3OgNb-6VpYSD5wsmsPJMa05Uwe0-OWjBLIKLzWhH312OPNZV56IQKY3x_-WIMQpdB8RzCVsZNdiGbT-kCsOPuuBq-tuDAkSi5WbiRqLFY8pCGNBlBBw29iQKyQngvLnFw_1prCEd9wAbMZIJOrEeofCWcW1KKDvxntwrsg2qm8hLbiViyC5T5pI0TyMyU_5f7At2_x4-i4eHzTbzuIVdp9fJMhgUDmdliY-AqM3WA=s0-d-e1-ft,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c3f7b2-20ec-459b-af7c-a13792b55127_578x498.png" style="border: none; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="550" /></a></td><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>The missing Treaty</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Treaty of Paris contains <em>eight</em> documents besides the text describing how the institutions of the Community work together in the European Coal and Steel Treaty.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Treaty of Paris is composed of:</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">1. Text of the European Coal and Steel Community treaty, ECSCT ,</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">2. The <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/87bf38fb-9335-4c93-94e7-4209fb64a4ae?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw1jNr_h01agvLE8HYpl2WEK" href="https://substack.com/redirect/87bf38fb-9335-4c93-94e7-4209fb64a4ae?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">Charter of the Community</a> or <em><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/79841b2d-66d5-45cb-a9ec-58a591a06150?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485833000&usg=AOvVaw3sIUoeqqz4p0umX4funO0u" href="https://substack.com/redirect/79841b2d-66d5-45cb-a9ec-58a591a06150?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="color: #1a1a1a;" target="_blank">Déclaration commune</a></em>,</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">3-5. Three protocols on</p><ul style="margin-top: 0px;"><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">privileges of officials,</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">the Court of Justice, and</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">the Council of Europe,</p></li></ul><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">6-7. French and German governmental letters on the Saar,</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">8 . Convention dealing with initial and transitory measures.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Guess which Monnet (who was used to getting his own way) omitted from his little black book!</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Was it the Protocol on the Council of Europe?</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">This would have been an impossible task. There were three protocols of equal weight legally. One gave the legal immunities of the officials as far as diplomatic privileges were concerned. A second defined the Court in the European Community system and how it should work. This shows the importance of protocols: the Court is defined by one of them. Thus to leave out the third protocol would be seen as contrary to justice and common legality. What Monnet did was to reduce its importance.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Protocol’s aim was stated as to ‘<em>establish ties as close as possible</em>’ with the Council of Europe. ‘<em>It was emasculated by the doggedness and obstinacy of Jean Monnet,’</em> said Paul Levy, the Director of Press and Information at the Council. But the essential survived, but often only in theory.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Protocol described its relationship the Community as being one of a human rights guardian. It included, at first, shared membership of the two parliamentary Assemblies. Before they were elected, national parliaments delegated the Assembly members, Article 1. Thus if both had common personalities it was easy for them to raise human rights and transparency questions that might arise in the European Community in the Council of Europe. Action could be taken in the Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Protocol specified:</p><ul style="margin-top: 0px;"><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">The High Authority and the Community Assembly should send their annual reports on their activities to the respective bodies in the Council of Europe, Articles 2 and 3.</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">The High Authority should inform the Council of Europe about the outcomes of recommendations it had given to the Community, (Article 4).</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">Joint work together was envisaged in Article 6.</p></li></ul><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Monnet could and did minimise these stipulations in practice.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What could not be avoided was the document equivalent to a Bill of Rights, written legally in the form of a diplomatic treaty. He tried to eliminate it by leaving it out completely.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>The Community’s Bill of Rights</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The <em><strong>Charter of the Community</strong></em> providing the public and all participants of the institutions to appeal to Courts of law about corruption, lack of transparency and fairness. Two courts were available for this: the European Court of the Community and the Court of Human Rights at the Council of Europe (for a further, higher appeal).</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">This was the document left out completely of the printed copies.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Why was the Charter so important for the public and too much for Monnet’s tastes? It provided a guarantee that the institutions like the European Parliament should be open like a national democratic parliament, and the Consultative Committees should elected and open and yes! the Council of Ministers should also be open too.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">In other words, politicians and representatives to the institutions should be held responsible to their electors, a record should be kept of their proceedings and the public could choose whether they would ‘<em>kick out the rascal</em>s’ who behaved in a dishonest and autocratic fashion. That does not happen in autocracies of the extreme Right and Left.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The European institutions would therefore distinguish themselves from the People’s Democracies of Soviet controlled eastern Europe. Or as we would say nowadays from North Korea where the government ruled by edicts of a one-party State.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>What the Charter says</strong></p><div style="line-height: 26px; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 550px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 8px auto; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td><td align="left" style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;" width="1359"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://substack.com/redirect/95a18db6-2cdb-488b-aac7-dda4c46bf143?u%3D58619141&source=gmail&ust=1657765485834000&usg=AOvVaw2blaWEVpgBWJKzZuo1gbE2" href="https://substack.com/redirect/95a18db6-2cdb-488b-aac7-dda4c46bf143?u=58619141" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="border: none; color: #1155cc; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="CToWUd" height="1639.8822663723327" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEgki_0SXNFXWY-FM06VIBBJpRrXBeB5wNeNybMRZTnwcm6zsnikaYJFPi6uVspwgGqHr8x0cbkbYGA4IHMEW9J-2Im3-JmmPePq9vPCEM6QpxZyN7Kiy3DOEzI5gqxvolPzHgwac9dgvBEubypT-IDmEA80GsBTl_t3fczYzZvaO2FF6uxQjhqcL1HZHPUYJYXIz53x0M-B89gG7xghfiRFMA8_cytWkLFAbCtEwh9aO3w8FTZUDxERCQXgnJU3XoQlRZ_og9d8Mc7VJtmadqtX_C8mmqwj6Q1sBPKj-UKREj6WZ6cJU9UxY0aZKF0uJmW59EbINuqzknFC2Vkif7dhTaV4M81cjxUFQAh6Siha6J5fLDHvRDK173DmMTTm285b3iGz9-KSyv7xG7eQcxxzbW0=s0-d-e1-ft,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbe6f4e28-5610-4a5d-b2a9-e952d7550cf6_1359x4052.jpeg" style="border: none; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="550" /></a></td><td style="margin: 0px; text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table></figure></div><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Charter makes clear that the Community is only open to democratic States who accept the Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. It describes how unity can be expanded in Europe through the Community system, not by creating a federal Super-State but by creating further Communities as the needs arise. They do not attack the basic sovereignty of the States but in fact add to their sovereign powers.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">It restricts entry into the European Community to countries that are able to prove they have and retain fundamental freedoms like: freedom of speech — to criticise government — and freedom of assembly — to create their own parties and opposition movements able to criticise centralised one party States. They have freedom to own property, to create businesses etc.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Importantly they recognise the new constitutional form that is inherent in the Community system. It is neither an international organisation like a <em>confederation</em> such as NATO or the OECD, nor a <em>federation</em> like the USA or Canada. The Member States retain their own sovereignty. But the remarkable innovation is that these sovereign States agree by free assent to designate one institution, in this case the High Authority or European Commission, to have supranational or federal powers. As Schuman wrote the Community system lies midway between a centrally controlled federal system (or Super-State) and a confederal system where the State is unrestricted.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Charter states:</p><blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid rgb(119, 86, 227); margin: 1em 0px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em;">In signing the treaty founding the European Community for Coal and Steel Community, a community of 160 million Europeans, the contracting parties give proof of their determination to call into life the <em><strong>first supranational institution</strong></em>, and consequently create the <em><strong>true foundation</strong></em> for an organized Europe.</p></blockquote><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Community system has the means to bind the States in a way to organise key sectors (like coal and steel) or the nuclear industry in the case of Euratom, so that the common goal of eliminating intra-State war is achieved.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Thus a new hope for a peaceful future is created that encourages peace-enhancing collaboration and commerce across the entirety of the Community territory. Common laws and a means to justice in case of disputes cement the process.</p><blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid rgb(119, 86, 227); margin: 1em 0px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em;">Even before the work was set in motion, the virtues of the idea that inspired it had already aroused in our countries and beyond its borders an extraordinary surge of hope and confidence.</p></blockquote><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>Membership open to all as far as Russia</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Schuman was asked about Russia when he made his Proposal on 9 May 1950 that all European countries (defined by membership of the Council of Europe) could become members of the European Community.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Could Russia become a member?</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Schuman’s answer surprised many. ‘<em>Yes of course!</em>’</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">If Russia signed up to the above freedoms of expression and assembly then it would be welcome. That, incidentally would have made the monopoly power of the Communist party impossible. But it put Russia’s choice in stark relief. Did Russia want peace or want the monopoly of Communist control and ideological imperialism?</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The European Coal and Steel Community could easily have been expanded to include Russia’s coal, gas and petroleum to the advantage of all.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>Buried!</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Treaty Charter found no liking with Jean Monnet. It presented quite a different world view from his idea of creating a USA-style market in what would be a federal State of Europe.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">It is questionable whether Monnet ever really understood the significance of the constitutional innovation that Schuman had initiated. The Community idea was like nothing that had ever occurred in history. The Community had just one federal element. It was neither a federation nor a confederation. It had democratic controls far more potentially powerful than any other previous constitutional arrangement of freemen.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Schuman was a constitutional lawyer of great international renown. He was educated in Luxembourg, Germany and France. He earned his doctorate in law at Strasbourg university. He called this third approach ‘<em>a supranational Community</em>.’ ‘<em>Supranational’ </em>is a term directly associated with his new constitutional idea. To help people comprehend the magnitude of political power and astounding novelty of this idea in constitutional history Schuman wrote a book about it, analysed it in legal terms, gave innumerable speeches and wrote many articles.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What did Monnet write? Little or nothing is in his archives. He made out to journalists that he was behind the idea of Community. This is a gross exaggeration. The drafts were written by Paul Reuter, Schuman’s jurisconsult in conjunction with Schuman and his Cabinet director, Bernard Clappier, a top grade financial expert who later became head of the Bank of France. Monnet was self-taught and had never gone to university.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Admittedly these drafts were written and discussed in Monnet’s offices. Why? Because the Foreign Ministry was full of Gaullists and nationalists, violently opposed to any concession to Germany or any other foreigner.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">It is clear Monnet was never at the origin of the idea of a supranational Community. In his <em>Memoires</em>, he writes:</p><blockquote style="border-left: 4px solid rgb(119, 86, 227); margin: 1em 0px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em 1em;">The High Authority was qualified as ‘<em>supranational</em>’ in the fourth draft {of the Schuman Declaration}. But I did not fancy the term and never fancied it. … Reuter made his contribution in this creative phase.’ p352.</p></blockquote><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Monnet later struck out the term <em>supranational</em> in a later draft. Reuter was a trusted legal aid for Schuman, a man of his confidence, who helped Schuman prevent officials at the ministry sabotaging his plans for European reconciliation.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Monnet later often told colleagues that he was wrong to agree to an authority above governments — thus he failed to understand what brought thousands of years of war! So Monnet learned little from Schuman.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Monnet had worked with Charles de Gaulle during the war. He owed his postwar position in government as the chief bureaucrat of the Planning Agency to de Gaulle. And de Gaulle was firmly against anything that opposed his idea of a nation-State of Napoleon or Charlemagne.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">This may be another main factor why Monnet acted as he did and buried the Charter Treaty.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>Forbidden!</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Three Communities were created that set Europe on a new path for peace and prosperity. The last two, the Euratom treaty and the Economic Community were hurriedly signed in Rome in 1957.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The reason for haste was that Charles de Gaulle was about to seize power. Europeans knew that these treaties would not be signed by France once he was in control.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">A decade of Gaullist power followed. De Gaulle tried to destroy the Communities and block any progress towards unity. He wanted to dominate a ‘<em>Europe of the fatherlands</em>’ by force of his power. His ministers boycotted the institutions for six months hoping it would break them. The Community turned out to be stronger than an autocrat in one Member State.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Charter was not only buried deep in the archives of the French Foreign Ministry but the ideas of democratic and human rights control was sidelined and forbidden as de Gaulle fired up a war in Algeria to gain power and then attempted to douse the flames top establish his autocracy.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">When de Gaulle was forced to retire following riots and insurrection, European politicians were left with a Community system without its vital Bill of Rights.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Some of these politicians were ministers under de Gaulle. They had lived through a decade of autocratic decision-making, closed door meetings without the public having a look-in on their own rights.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Politicians too often prefer to make decisions without public supervision. It makes their work easier and allows a moderate amount of corruption.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Then this became a major problem. Gaullist France used the Community as a private piggy bank. The Community’s Common Agricultural Policy got out of hand with more than 70 percent of the Community spent on subsidising farmers and paying for farm surpluses in storage.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong>Democrats forbid public supervision?</strong></p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">In April last year I wrote to Commission President Ursula von der Leyen asking that the Charter be published on the EU website and in the Official Journal as a founding document of the Community. Not having received a reply, I made a complaint to the European Ombudsman.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">I still do not have an official reply from the President’s office, a year and a quarter later.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">I also asked Commission, Parliament and Council representatives who launched the Conference on the Future of Europe to publish the document to aid discussion on democracy in Europe. They readily agreed.</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Conference on the Future of Europe is now past history. The Charter has still not been published in spite of reminders of the pledge to publish.</p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">Has the legal service of the Commission put the Charter under a censoring interdict so it cannot be published on its website?</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">Is it too afraid of the legal implications of the Charter Treaty? If not why do Europeans not have their Bill of Rights published with other founding documents in the <em>Official Journal</em>?</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">Does this censorship prove that the Commission is now a confirmed autocracy?</p></li><li style="margin: 4px 0px 4px 8px;"><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;">Once the Charter is well known and published by historians and newspapers again, and seen on television and the internet, will the autocracy collapse of its monstrous hypocrisy?</p><p style="color: #1a1a1a; line-height: 26px; margin: 0px;"></p></li></ul></div></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px auto;"><tbody><tr style="display: flex;"><td style="color: #767676; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 14px; height: 37px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 24px 0px 0px; text-indent: 3px; white-space: nowrap;"></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-73524571008812900422022-05-10T05:31:00.001-07:002022-05-10T05:31:39.632-07:00Europe's Democratic Future: Falsified or Fit?<p> </p><div class="post-header" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><h1 class="post-title short unpublished" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, "SF Compact Display", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol")); font-size: 40px; font-weight: var(--font_weight_headings_preset, bold); line-height: 52px; margin: 0.378em 0px 0px;">Europe's Democratic Future: Falsified or Fit?</h1><h3 class="subtitle" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: var(--print_secondary, var(--print_secondary_on_web_bg_color, var(--print_secondary, #666666))); font-family: var(--font_family_headings, var(--font_family_headings_preset, "SF Compact Display", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol")); font-size: 20px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.16em; margin: 8px 0px 0px;">There is a solution<br /></h3><table class="meta-author-wrap with-photo alternative-meta" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; 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--tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><div class="available-content" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: flex;"><div class="body markup" dir="auto" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin-bottom: 12px; width: 728px; word-break: break-word;"><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png" rel="nofollow" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":317,"width":669,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":377168,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null}" height="317" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F129681b5-fba9-4969-982a-b4ae1d690c36_669x317.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="669" /></picture></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">European democracy is entering its eighth decade since the Schuman Proposal of 1950. The Conference on the Future of Europe wound up in Strasbourg today. Will it help the average citizen?</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What does the watchman see ahead: fog or clear waters? Where is the European ship of Democracy headed?</p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png" rel="nofollow" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":371,"width":616,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":459668,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null}" height="371" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8888afa8-d56d-4ae3-aa9f-f94d51ac5614_616x371.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="616" /></picture></a><figcaption class="image-caption" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_secondary, var(--print_secondary_on_web_bg_color, var(--print_secondary, #666666))); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.4em; margin-top: 10px; padding-left: 109.188px; padding-right: 109.188px; width: 509.594px;"><em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">French President E Macron speaks; Commission President von der Leyen, European Parliament President Roberta Matsola and in foreground Commission Vice President Suica and Parliament’s Guy Verhofstadt listen.</em></figcaption></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Nearly four out of five Europeans want more say in decisions of the EU, according to a recent Bertelsmann Report, <em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><a href="https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/en/publications/publication/did/under-construction" rel="nofollow ugc noopener" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Under Construction</a></strong></em>, <em style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Citizens participation in the European Union</em>. It lists seven instruments that the politicians have designed to give an appearance of participation.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">None of them are satisfactory.</p><ul style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">European Parliament elections.</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">European Citizens’ Initiative</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Petitions to the European Parliament</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">European Ombudsman</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Public policy consultations by Commission services</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Citizens’ Dialogues (town hall meetings)</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">European citizens’ consultation online by Council .</p></li></ul><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The Conference has produced nothing that will make a substantial difference to today’s dismal distrust of Brussels.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">How to judge? The core issue is democratic control of laws, money and strategy. Adding more ‘people’s initiatives’ and ‘consultations’ won’t cut the mustard for people’s control of untrustworthy elites. They meet and decide in secret. They can ignore everybody else and invent reasons for actions that suit themselves. Secrecy is vital for tyranny. The North Koreans know this well.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Knowledge is power for leaders; that’s why politicians often enforce ignorance for the public. That’s the way tyrants keep power.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Autocrats’ desire to keep secrets may be the essential reason why the elites have refused to publish the original documents that described how Europe should really work and describe citizens’ rights to information and control. These tools would unzip modern tyranny.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Correcting this abuse is a major challenge. Schuman’s Proposal was a work of supreme genius. Who else could create peace and prosperity after 2000 years of continuous war? There are few people of his metal today.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Can Democracy work in Europe?</strong></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Is the EU doomed to failure as a democratic experiment? Not at all.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The facade of many 'dialogues' and 'initiatives' hide and cover up the real duty of leaders to follow the treaties and for honest governance. Even the treaties that politicians invented for their own benefit contain and retain principles of real and effective democracy. They just ignore the parts they don’t like.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Instead of openness, Europe has closed-door Councils ruling the roost, dishing out taxpayers' money according to their own rules. There are no published records of their debates, nor public access. Hence no accountability and no public trust.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What is the solution?</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">First, blow away the fog. Europeans have legal rights far beyond these inadequate, fig-leaf instruments that have little or no legal effect.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Leaders of three EU institutions pledged on 19 April 2021 to have an in-depth analysis of how the present 'democracy' differs from the original democratic framework and human rights safeguards drawn up at the start of the European Community in the 1950s. What really happened that the public is now so disdained?</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Re-publication is an obvious first step to reverse the Democratic Deficit that the public have complained about for decades. Parliament is open; Council is closed.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">The symptoms</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin-bottom: 16px; text-align: center;"><figure style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: inline-block; margin: 0px auto; width: 728px;"><a class="image-link image2" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png" rel="nofollow" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border: 0px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; width: auto;" target="_blank"><picture style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><source sizes="100vw" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;" type="image/webp"></source><img alt="" class="sizing-normal" data-attrs="{"src":"https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png","fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":334,"width":554,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":354545,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null}" height="334" sizes="100vw" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fbucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d726669-a68f-4980-b5b8-91f0d0f8bc36_554x334.png 1456w" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;" width="554" /></picture></a></figure></div><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Distrust is the inevitable result of politicians' disdain. The public in their Referendums rejected government by secretive councils. Each treaty with more secret bureaucracy was resisted time and time again.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Democratic fiascos followed the politicians plans for the Maastricht, Nice, the Constitutional, Reform and Lisbon treaties. Member States had referendums that rejected all these treaties. Public opinion was ignored or the public was told to reverse their vote.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">What happened on the first and therefore the most important treaty? No referendum, no public debate even, was offered on renewing the foundational European Coal and Steel Treaty in 2002. It was stopped. Result? Disaster in the steel and energy economies.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">And a decade later? Brexit was the inevitable result. The British referendum was actually based on a treaty the British public had never agreed to, and the French had rejected! (compare the Constitutional's Article 59 with Lisbon’s Article 50: they are practically word-for-word the same).</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Conclusion: For decades the political leadership has failed the people.</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">Where are the goods?</strong></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The leaders failed to look at the original Schuman design for European democracy. In spite of my several complaints to the Ombudsman they failed even, as a bare minimum, to agree to publish the original constitutional documents. The Charter of the Community outlines how Human Rights should dictate fair and honest institutional development. (See https://schuman.info )</p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">Schuman and the Founding Fathers envisaged, for example:</p><ol style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Institutions open to the public and the press. The Lisbon treaties still repeat this requirement, see TFEU #15</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Consultative Committees shall be directly ELECTED to represent organised European civil society (industry, consumers, workers) and Regions. They would have revising powers to the Commission’s Proposals similar to the Council of Ministers (Schuman in Council of Europe, Aug 1950, Reuter etc).</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Commissioners should be unbiased arbiters and independent of political parties and lobbies etc. See their Oath in ECJ. Nor are they presently 'selected' properly and openly to public scrutiny as with the original High Authority.</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">Parliament should be elected on the principle of one person one vote, not by the present system that gives some people 10 or 12 vote equivalents. TFEU 223.</p></li><li style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; margin: 7.5px 0px 7.5px 15px;"><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px;">And so on.</p></li></ol><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;"><strong style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;">How to start?</strong></p><p style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); line-height: 1.6em; margin: 0px 0px 1em;">The same medicine is required in Brussels as in North Korea. The first step is for the public to insist that the Council of Ministers obey their own treaty. Their debates should be published. The press should be allowed to follow all aspects of the debate. The public should see it all on television and the internet. 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font-size: 14px; height: 40px; line-height: 14px; margin-right: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-indent: 3px; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0;"><a class="button post-meta-button" style="--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; align-items: center; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid var(--border_subtle); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--print_on_web_bg_color, #1a1a1a); cursor: pointer; display: flex; font-family: var(--font_family_ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"); font-size: 16px; height: auto; line-height: 15px; margin: 0px; opacity: 1; outline: 0px; padding: 10px 16px; text-align: center;"><svg class="recommend-icon post-meta-icon" fill="transparent" height="18" role="img" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="#757575" style="background-color: #f5fcff; color: #24353d; height: 18px; width: 18px;" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><svg class="lucide lucide-share" fill="transparent" height="24" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="#757575" viewbox="0 0 24 24" width="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M4 12v8a2 2 0 002 2h12a2 2 0 002-2v-8"></path><polyline points="16 6 12 2 8 6"></polyline><line x1="12" x2="12" y1="2" y2="15"></line></svg></g></svg></a></span></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-55128760937375964242022-05-06T08:49:00.005-07:002022-05-06T09:06:35.775-07:00Democratic Deficit Deepens at the Conference on the Future of Europe<p><b>How the EU institutions refused to Discuss Democracy.</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtEOiZtg-ggDCSr84gnHjJOoPvikj2TV-22LUsiXZVxCMUHkuVFbrAbziR2jsLeSeTHuPczgvrk14CokUw25lADobN3B0Ep16Xyyzn4GgmFq6n1m_fzp6P-sixCVv1Vmvmh4lmcrGPcnUeqGBXHzWeyaaYZTbUnDAmec_UJPf1IWzVu83CZdnJniB2Nw/s1024/Conf%20on%20Future%20of%20Europe%2019Ap21.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="578" data-original-width="1024" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtEOiZtg-ggDCSr84gnHjJOoPvikj2TV-22LUsiXZVxCMUHkuVFbrAbziR2jsLeSeTHuPczgvrk14CokUw25lADobN3B0Ep16Xyyzn4GgmFq6n1m_fzp6P-sixCVv1Vmvmh4lmcrGPcnUeqGBXHzWeyaaYZTbUnDAmec_UJPf1IWzVu83CZdnJniB2Nw/w418-h236/Conf%20on%20Future%20of%20Europe%2019Ap21.png" width="418" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b><p></p><p><b>On 7 May 2021</b> </p><p>I wrote the following contribution for the section DEMOCRACY on website of the Conference on the Future of Europe. </p><div class="row column view-header" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; clear: none; color: #06060b; float: none; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 2rem; max-width: none; padding: 0px; width: 870px;"><h2 class="heading3 title-proposal" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.688rem; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 1.25rem 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">FIRST TIME EVER! Politicians promise to publish </h2><h2 class="heading3 title-proposal" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1.688rem; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 1.25rem 0px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Europe's Founding Democracy Charter on this site</h2><div class="author-block has-actions" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="author--inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="collapsible-list" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="author-box" style="align-items: flex-start; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-flex; flex-flow: row wrap; justify-content: space-between; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="author-data" style="align-items: flex-start; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin: 0px 0px 0.6rem; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px; position: relative;"><div class="author-data__main" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="author author--inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.9rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: fit-content;"><a href="https://futureu.europa.eu/profiles/david_price" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; cursor: pointer; font-size: 0.8125rem; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="author__avatar" style="align-self: center; box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; flex-direction: column; margin-left: -25px; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: absolute;"><img alt="Avatar: %{name}" src="https://futureu.europa.eu/decidim-packs/media/images/default-avatar-aaa9e55bac5d7159b847.svg" style="border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; height: auto; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0.25rem; max-width: 2.313rem; vertical-align: middle; width: 37px;" /></span><span aria-describedby="nrrxp1-tooltip" class="author__name m-none has-tip" data-alignment="center" data-allow-html="true" data-click-open="false" data-keep-on-hover="true" data-position="top" data-resize="nrrxp1-tooltip" data-show-on="medium" data-template-classes="light expanded" data-tip-text="<div class="p-xs flex--sbc">
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" data-toggle="nrrxp1-tooltip" data-tooltip="vkifik-tooltip" data-yeti-box="nrrxp1-tooltip" style="align-self: center; border-bottom: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #06060b; cursor: pointer; display: block; flex-grow: 1; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 600; margin: 0px 0px 0.5rem; padding-left: 1.5rem; padding-right: 0.5rem; position: relative; text-decoration: inherit; transition-duration: 0.15s;" title="">David Price</span></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="author-data" style="align-items: flex-end; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; display: flex; margin: 0px 0px 0.6rem; padding: 0px 0px 0px 30px; position: relative;"><span class="author__date m-none" data-alignment="center" data-allow-html="true" data-click-open="false" data-keep-on-hover="true" data-position="top" data-show-on="medium" data-template-classes="light expanded" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8125rem; margin: 0px; padding-left: 1.5rem; padding-right: 0.5rem; text-decoration: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">07/05/2021 15:31 </span><button aria-controls="flagModal" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="link-alt" data-open="flagModal" style="appearance: none; background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-color: initial; border-radius: 4px; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; cursor: auto; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px;" tabindex="0" title="Report" type="button"><svg aria-hidden="true" aria-label="flag" class="icon--flag icon icon--small" role="img"><use href="https://futureu.europa.eu/decidim-packs/media/images/icons-c4fd0f43651700b0c768.svg#icon-flag"></use></svg><span class="show-for-sr" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;">Re</span></button></span></div></div><div class="author-withdraw" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></div></div></div><div class="proposal-body" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 1rem 0px 3.125rem; padding: 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Wow!<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />For the first time our European leaders (Commission, Council, Parliament) promised to publish here the documents showing how Europeans got their democracy. They show how and why Europeans did not fight another war amongst themselves after WW2. Documents on how Europeans should develop their democracy in FIVE INSTITUTIONS with as Guardian Human Rights Court of the Council of Europe were signed 70 years ago, 18 April 1951.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />These are the most important documents of modern times.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />Astoundingly the five European institutions have NEVER published these vital documents. Politicians refused. Following the request of EurDemocracy.com, now they will be!<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />1. Full text of Schuman Declaration (including the Schuman Proposal) made on 9 May 1950. It shows how Europeans have avoided WAR for the longest time in more than 2000 years.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />2. The Great Charter of the Community signed on 18 April 1951. This is also called the Declaration of Interdependence. It shows how citizens must have FREE CHOICE in treaties and election of the five institutions. Instead treaties such as the present Lisbon Treaty (and its previous version the Constitutional Treaty) were implemented AGAINST the Will of the People as expressed in public opinion polls and referendums. Europe must not develop like the fraudulent 'People's Democracies' of the Soviet bloc. Elitist Politburo imposed decisions from behind closed doors. Treaties say Councils should be OPEN to the public. Treaties ban party membership for Commission.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdIhGdyp2QGgyxVOaC1s2y7nOsDiWQ1uUl042kHOyiDquOYRgyIyEcl_I1EuggopUJyUGE3x7GlORw95GH0YzBvIQfj4mjdxue3ZIGPNaMHw1jePrka9uaHb2kErkkHuBgsTP_y1EFhWuLTlHhZ1nnFE5ldDmul1z1XQp3F4RvStS1uvtPkiT8ywWQBw/s1600/Don't%20Brexit%20Double%20cover.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1153" data-original-width="1600" height="349" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdIhGdyp2QGgyxVOaC1s2y7nOsDiWQ1uUl042kHOyiDquOYRgyIyEcl_I1EuggopUJyUGE3x7GlORw95GH0YzBvIQfj4mjdxue3ZIGPNaMHw1jePrka9uaHb2kErkkHuBgsTP_y1EFhWuLTlHhZ1nnFE5ldDmul1z1XQp3F4RvStS1uvtPkiT8ywWQBw/w484-h349/Don't%20Brexit%20Double%20cover.gif" width="484" /></a></div><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><b style="background-color: transparent;"><br /></b></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><b style="background-color: transparent;">On 10 April 2022</b><span style="background-color: transparent;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="background-color: transparent;">I posted the following update of my letter to leaders of the institutions.</span></p></div><div class="comment__content" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #3d393c; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 1rem;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Letter sent to French Presidency and Members of European Parliament, Commission Vice President Suica, and Democracy spokesperson.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />see full text at<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />eurDemocracy.substack.com</p><p style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Dear Conference presidents,<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />I am a journalist accredited in Brussels and Editor of the Schuman Project.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />On 19 April 2021 (the day after the 70th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Paris, founding the European Community) Vice President of the Commission Mme Dubravka Suica, Mme Zacarias of the Portuguese EU presidency and Mr Guy Verhofstadt of the EP held a press conference at the Commission launching the Conference on the Future of Europe.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />I asked that the original documents on Democracy agreed and signed by the Founding Fathers be published to facilitate the debate and conference decisions on European democracy.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />All three institutions agreed that they would be published for the Conference and analysed.<br style="box-sizing: inherit;" />They still have NOT BEEN PUBLISHED!</p></div></div><p>Nearly 1000 people said they were following this online</p><p>One Comment on this said:</p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Congratulations Mr David PRICE,</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">I have followed the EU Conference on the Future of Europe and have never found anything as interesting as your publication.</p></blockquote><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #707070; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75rem; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><br /></p><p><b>On 6 May 2022, </b></p><p><b>I published the following:</b></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p><b>DEMOCRATIC DEFICIT DEEPENS!</b></p><p>Today I asked Commission, Council and EP officials:</p><p>WHY have the foundational documents on Democracy, STILL NOT been PUBLISHED, as promised by Commission Vice President Suica, Council President Zacarias, EP Guy Verhofstadt on 19April 2021??</p><p>I was refused an answer as I had asked this earlier in the Commission Press Room. (But had not received an explanation!)</p><p>I also asked: why has the analysis of democracy not been published, comparing the original Community system to the present 'EU' system as also agreed by institutional leaders a year ago?</p><p>A high Commission official said: We are interested in the future not the past.</p><p><b><span style="font-size: medium;">Conclusion:</span></b></p></blockquote><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><p><b><span style="font-size: medium;">The institutions confirm that for them Democracy is a thing of the past!!</span></b></p></blockquote><p> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-16391814566852289582022-03-25T04:58:00.003-07:002022-03-25T12:10:50.568-07:00Russia and WW3: How did Europe's leaders get policy so wrong?<p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><b><i><u>World War Three!</u></i></b> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The EU's economy is burst like a flat tyre. Today's policy repeats the errors of the 1970s when OPEC's Oil Weapon punctured Europe's economy. A decade of </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Stagflation followed -- a combination of high inflation and stagnant growth</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Then, foreigners used oil price blackmail to change foreign policy. They quadrupled oil prices in 1973. They quadrupled them again in 1979.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Today EU's Russia policy is self-inflicted. It is suicidal. World War looms. </span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirdhYYM294U5gjQ28E1NExfp8xrZRK_8AV--c51TaVaJ7drKTUKyRiAu5fMP1hIjOxUXGS6YNYKnvAAGkthHX4-TYqv6BFz3Fs1J-bEuBx9zDVxssxdj3Wm1Q2TYT_bRDS1RWYvadr9isz73GM0THxNUY-_15P5g0PsLaRIeCyWC1GuXZA_H1hAsfgng/s474/1973%20OPEC%20oil%20blackmail%20cartoon%20.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="295" data-original-width="474" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirdhYYM294U5gjQ28E1NExfp8xrZRK_8AV--c51TaVaJ7drKTUKyRiAu5fMP1hIjOxUXGS6YNYKnvAAGkthHX4-TYqv6BFz3Fs1J-bEuBx9zDVxssxdj3Wm1Q2TYT_bRDS1RWYvadr9isz73GM0THxNUY-_15P5g0PsLaRIeCyWC1GuXZA_H1hAsfgng/w412-h256/1973%20OPEC%20oil%20blackmail%20cartoon%20.jpg" width="412" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Are leaders abandoning 76 years of peace in Europe -- the longest in all its history?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">How did European leaders burn Europe's most precious asset like a candle under a blow-torch?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Let's go back to where and when Europeans gained that peace. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">In 1950, while the Russian Red Army was poised to conquer worn out, post-war western Europe, French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman made a proposal, the like of which no nation in history had ever seen before. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><b>Remember the context.</b> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The French Communist party was the largest in the French National Assembly. Post-war inflation topped 60 percent. Schuman first reformed the currency base. When in 1947-8, Schuman had been elected Prime Minister, the US ambassador cabled that a Communist coup d'Etat was imminent. Insurrectional strikes paralyzed the country, riots caused chaos, trains were derailed. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Josef Stalin ruled the Soviet Union and his Red Army controlled the Baltics, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania and other countries. Millions were enslaved in Gulag camps. Other millions were executed at his personal behest. But in western propaganda however, he was the benign, pipe-smoking 'Uncle Joe'.</span></p><p></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO8NfP0jU2hzhOXNyEGeEB70OaqtnNHmneZnS3A22irpP5iftbc_pjQDTifCscoriXrl-PxIxywVD5i5ku77KJTeXKJgiYCHJCcVfZiOEv5i88Js6nXbDeFBkMGhN82UhpJbWZPHXuFvKAgBXTf2iIv_IclWjDT_uI6tjBZ5XzgDWAAUtJQ5104IJ5wQ/s2839/RS%20points%20at%20Vishinsky.jpeg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1927" data-original-width="2839" height="355" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO8NfP0jU2hzhOXNyEGeEB70OaqtnNHmneZnS3A22irpP5iftbc_pjQDTifCscoriXrl-PxIxywVD5i5ku77KJTeXKJgiYCHJCcVfZiOEv5i88Js6nXbDeFBkMGhN82UhpJbWZPHXuFvKAgBXTf2iIv_IclWjDT_uI6tjBZ5XzgDWAAUtJQ5104IJ5wQ/w524-h355/RS%20points%20at%20Vishinsky.jpeg" width="524" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">July 1949: French Foreign Minister Schuman points at Soviet Foreign Minister Andrey Vishinsky, <br />watched by US Secretary of State Dean Acheson (left) and UK Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schuman's analysis was far different from many commentators. He proposed a New Europe by making war '</span><i style="font-family: georgia;">not only unthinkable but materially impossible.</i><span style="font-family: georgia;">' </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">On 9 May 1950 the French Government accepted his proposal. At 4.30, in a notably strong, firm voice, he pronounced his plan to the press.</span></p><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></i></p><blockquote><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;">'Conditions in Europe are going to be entirely changed.'</span></i></p><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;">'France has acted primarily for peace, and to give peace a real chance.'</span></i></p><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;">'All Europeans, whether from the East or the West, will benefit from this.'</span></i></p><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;">'Europe will be born of this.'</span></i></p><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;">'France has acted and the consequences of its action can be immense.'</span></i></p></blockquote><p><i><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></i></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">They were. They turned the world right-side up. Europe entered its longest period of peace and the greatest prosperity in all its history.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schuman's proposal envisaged a supranational economic Community, firstly of coal and steel. It had innovative, new institutions: </span></p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: georgia;">an independent High Authority, </span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia;">an elected Assembly, </span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia;">elected consultation of associations of workers, consumers and enterprises,</span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia;">a Council of national ministers and </span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia;">a Court of Justice. </span></li></ul><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">It would create a New Europe based on the hitherto unknown principle of a <u>supranational Community of Coal and Steel</u>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"> All Europeans were invited to join, Schuman declared. </span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-family: georgia;">Russia, of course!</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">What about Russia, one journalist asked. <i>Can Russia join?</i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schuman's answer was shocking to those then. It is shocking to many today locked in boxed thinking.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i>Russia? But of course!</i> (<i>Mais oui!</i>). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Russia under Stalin! </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schuman's grasp of reality and duty was light-years away from many of the leaders today. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">To understand Schuman's design for what he called the <i>European House</i>, we have only to look at his earlier achievements. He helped reform inflated currencies on an international scale. He was instrumental in 1948-9 in creating NATO. It offers mutual defence against any who threaten and invade one of the partner States holding common values. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">What were those values?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schuman's government had proposed a European Assembly and a common market in July 1948. The Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms listed those values. Membership of the Council of Europe was restricted to States who agreed. F</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">reedom presages the end of tyranny.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: georgia;">Marx's Mistake</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Karl Marx had analysed what he called the contradictions and crisis of capitalism. Schuman had analysed the contradictions of atheistic communism. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">How, in God's good earth, would Russia, then Soviet Russia, live in peace and prosperity with the rest of the Continent? For Schuman the answer was the same as would admit post-Nazi Germany and Austria with their horrendous history into a Community of peace. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">He came up with precise predictions. T</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">he Soviet Union would collapse before the turn of the century</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">, he told young politicians at the Assembly, although he would not live to see it. </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Europeans must be ready for that event. They must welcome those freed from its bonds. Politicians failed.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Isolation by former victims leads to repetition of violence. Each nation has innate qualities of culture, resources and geography. Nations should not become intoxicated with their assets to use them as instruments of domination. A Germany that played power politics between East and West was a danger. Post-Nazi Germany, Schuman said, should be welcomed on the basis of equality </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">by its former victims</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The same policy that goes for Germany, goes for Russia. Isolating Russia drives her to work against Europe and into the hands of Communist China. It drives Europe into energy and food penury.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><b>What should be Europe's answer for Russia?</b><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schuman wrote about a '<i>durable, organic link</i>' to help nations blossom in freedom '<i>by mutually beneficial efforts and using their common resources.' </i>That Community method is the best way to serve one's own country.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">But any misuse of resources for war must be stopped at its first manifestation. </span></p><p></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">'<i>We must remove all reasons for war, and suppress it up to and including any temptation to start one. Nobody, not even the most unscrupulous government, should have an interest in it any more. I will go further: we want to remove any means to start a war, and to remove all temptation to war, and to risk one for gain. The worst of racketeers will be unable to spring a war on fellow Europeans.</i>'</span></p><p></p></blockquote><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCUDmFukqZrl3kv4yjT1gxdgf1591bXhnnDD66Crcp-c0jXYT0XQR87HUnVqcOhxwMIVnow6zm5x2xhigpJbbd-Px1CuYVi6oXgYI-6-hZTZZ6aHq32HO76nOst4cG1J_SKRCF6UlKmPmr5y2PP1W0dOTYI1a4bcGXEoD6tF_o1Lub8-HDuaf87XWQHQ/s4128/RS%20proposal%20Soir%201%20COE%20yellow.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4128" data-original-width="3096" height="619" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCUDmFukqZrl3kv4yjT1gxdgf1591bXhnnDD66Crcp-c0jXYT0XQR87HUnVqcOhxwMIVnow6zm5x2xhigpJbbd-Px1CuYVi6oXgYI-6-hZTZZ6aHq32HO76nOst4cG1J_SKRCF6UlKmPmr5y2PP1W0dOTYI1a4bcGXEoD6tF_o1Lub8-HDuaf87XWQHQ/w464-h619/RS%20proposal%20Soir%201%20COE%20yellow.jpg" width="464" /></a></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The Council of Europe Convention provided that instrument. The three European Communities with their common management of coal and steel (classical materials of war), atomic energy (nuclear war) and the common market (trade war) provided peace-enhancing infrastructure, aided by international anti-cartel powers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><b>Hope for Europe's failed leadership</b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">After the collapse of the USSR, western leaders were not prepared to welcome post-Communist Russia at the moment of its great need. Russia asked. Russia jointed the Council of Europe in 1996. But on 15 March 2022 Russia voluntarily withdrew. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Western leaders thought they knew better than Schuman. They were less altruistic. </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Since Maastricht, they created a complex, dense and undemocratic 'European Union' for themselves. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The Community future beckons. A <b><u>European Energy and Security Treaty</u></b> creating a new Community would bring Russia, the Ukraine and the West together. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Instead of World War III, the participating States would have guaranteed peace and prosperity. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">But are our leaders too proud and obstinate to see it and work for it?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Do they prefer the suicide of civilisation?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><br /><p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-58652308814200388632022-02-27T13:31:00.006-08:002022-02-28T02:43:51.550-08:00Are Russians all evil and Ukrainians all Angels?<h3 style="color: #660099; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: normal;">Ukraine Russia Crisis part 2</h3><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><b>Russia is an international bandit, Ukrainians are all angels!</b></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><em><strong>Caution.</strong></em></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Do not get swept up in media hype. For some reasons the EU, probably following the US lead, designates Ukraine as the poor, little victim of evil Russia. Neither State is a paragon of virtue. Ukraine runs private armies as does Russia with the <a href="https://censor.net/en/news/453586/private_military_companies_in_russia_carrying_out_criminal_orders_of_kremlin_informnapalm_photosvideo" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Wagner Military Company</a>.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">For <em><strong>eight years</strong></em> those Russian-speakers in the Donbass who refused to conform to the decree that only the Ukrainian language was legal have been punished. For years on end, the civilians and schools are subject to massive destruction of bullets, mortars and 150mm howitzers. From 2014 to May 2021 some <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" target="_blank">14,000 people</a></b> have been killed, most of them among the Russian-speakers. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/donbass_destruction.jpg" style="width: 500px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Belgium has three language groups: Flemish, French and German. Should the Brussels government bombard the communes when and if it changed to a two language State? </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Russians say the USA declared war on Serbia, Libya, Iraq and Syria where US citizens were not threatened on a daily basis as Russian-speakers are in the Donbass. Why were western media silent for those 8 years? </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Are western leaders going to explain the full context now? The reverse! EU Commission president von der Leyen wants to ban all Russian media. On what basis? How does that help EU citizens?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/vd_leyen_bans_russia_media_27feb22.png" style="width: 400px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The fact is that neither Ukraine nor Russia are Member States of the European Union. Why then should its leaders be advocating probably the worst possible policy for Europeans? Besides provoking a wider war by taking sides, Europeans may end up with doubling or tripling of energy bills. A flat economy or its destruction may result.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Who gave the EU bureaucrats a mandate to destroy the livelihood of millions of its citizens? </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><em><strong>If the EU proposed a real peace policy, the area from Spain to Siberia could experience unprecedented prosperity and cooperation that it had ever seen</strong></em>. Such a policy could tie Russia to a new form of supranational democracy instead of casting its lot in with China and autocratic Communist codes.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Instead the EU is proposing arms shipments to the troubled area! How does that help citizens of the EU still recovering from Covid mandates?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Who will get the arms?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Most corrupt State in Europe according to <a href="https://www.coe.int/en/web/corruption/completed-projects/enpi/newsroom-enpi/-/asset_publisher/F0LygN4lv4rX/content/ukraine-most-corrupt-country-in-europe-after-russia" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Council of Europe</a>, and <a href="https://www.transparency.org/en/cpi/2021/index/ukr" target="_blank">Transparency International</a>.</p><blockquote style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><div class="taglib-header" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #555555; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 1em;"><h3 class="header-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 28px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: 32px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; overflow: visible; text-overflow: ellipsis; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ukraine most corrupt country in Europe after Russia</span></h3></div><div class="asset-full-content default-asset-publisher show-asset-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><div class="asset-content" id="_101_INSTANCE_F0LygN4lv4rX_34065904" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: right; margin: 0px;"><div class="journal-content-article" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="content news-34065898" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="info-content" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p><span class="date" face=""Open Sans", sans-serif" style="border-right: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #123751; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: 14px; margin-right: 0px; padding-right: 0px; text-transform: uppercase;">FEBRUARY 2018</span></p></div><div class="text" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.6em;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 10px;"><a href="http://www.unian.info/society/10016660-ukraine-most-corrupt-country-in-europe-after-russia-ti.html" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #007bc8; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">Ukraine most corrupt country in Europe after Russia</a>.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 10px;">Ukraine ranked 130th among 180 countries in the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) 2017 released by Transparency International. Ukraine improved its last year’s result by one point and got 30 points out of 100 possible. Next to Ukraine stand Gambia, Iran, Myanmar and Sierra Leone. Ukraine was able to achieve a slight improvement due to the fact that in 2017 the Ukrainian anti-corruption authorities (Special Anti-corruption Prosecutor's Office and National Anti-corruption Bureau) forwarded to courts first corruption-related cases where the suspects were high-ranking officials.</p></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The Biden family and other US elites have intimate connections with Billionaire Oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky </p><blockquote style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><p><span face="Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px;">On Friday, U.S. Secretary of State Anthony Blinken banned Kolomoisky and his immediate family from America, citing Kolomoisky’s </span><a href="https://www.state.gov/public-designation-of-oligarch-and-former-ukrainian-public-official-ihor-kolomoyskyy-due-to-involvement-in-significant-corruption/?fbclid=IwAR0ggcVL95_o7nWzOgW1ppeI2qvj5jrv6_f84jH-0xw_JPT59hwggKZBmcI" rel="noreferrer noopener" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #c60800; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">“significant corruption.”</a><span face="Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px;"> ...</span></p><p><a href="https://nypost.com/2020/10/31/hunter-bidens-ukraine-contahttps://nypost.com/2020/10/31/hunter-bidens-ukraine-contact-allegedly-fixer-for-rulers/ct-allegedly-fixer-for-rulers/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #c60800; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Kolomoisky, </a><span face="Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px;">who built his fortune during the lawless years immediately following the fall of the Soviet Union, reportedly has a controlling interest in Burisma, the Ukrainian oil and gas company which put President Biden’s son, </span><a href="https://nypost.com/2020/10/14/email-reveals-how-hunter-biden-introduced-ukrainian-biz-man-to-dad/" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #c60800; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Hunter, </a><span face="Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px;">on its board of directors in 2014 at a salary of $50,000 per month. Kolomoisky dispatched his private army to take over companies and destroy a Russian-owned oil and gas refinery in Dnipropetrovsk in 2014, according to reports.</span></p><p><span face="Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #2a2a2a; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.16px;"><a href="https://nypost.com/2021/03/06/businessmen-accused-of-ukraine-money-laundering-gave-millions-to-ny-charities/" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">NY Post, March 6, 2021</a>.</span></p></blockquote><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Putin is an opportunist and sees post-Afghan USA as historically weak, spineless and corrupt. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Billions of dollars of aid have gone missing in Ukraine from US taxpayers and from UN agencies. Is the war useful for US elites as smoke and fog? Is it a case of the tail wagging the dog? Special Counsel John Durham has already filed the first criminal depositions of a devastating investigation of widespread corruption of the US establishment. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/ukraine_us_dem_connections.png" style="width: 350px;" />. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/kash_patel_on_durham_26fb22.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><em><strong>Next:</strong></em></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><em><strong>Could the rise of Russian and Ukrainian nationalism and the present crisis threatening the very existence of the European Union have been foreseen in the 1990s after the fall of the Soviet Union? </strong></em></p><p> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-91368795217454715782022-01-26T09:37:00.003-08:002022-01-26T09:45:44.792-08:00Is EU dancing to the tune of Big Pharma? Bye bye, € Trillions! <p> <span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: small;">The EU Commission Press conference today was about </span></p><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; width: 600px;"><tbody><tr><td style="font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px;"><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div align="center" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold;"><p>Commission puts forward declaration on digital rights and principles for everyone in the EU</p></div><p>Today, the Commission is proposing to the European Parliament and Council to sign up to a <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news-redirect/733938" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">declaration</a> of rights and principles that will guide the digital transformation in the EU.</p><p>The draft declaration on digital rights and principles aims to give everyone a clear reference point about the kind of digital transformation Europe promotes and defends. It will also provide a guide for policy makers and companies when dealing with new technologies. The rights and freedoms enshrined in the EU’s legal framework, and the European values expressed by the principles, should be respected online as they are offline. Once jointly endorsed, the Declaration will also define the approach to the digital transformation which the EU will promote throughout the world.</p><p>A <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_22_452" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">press release</a> and <a href="https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news-redirect/733494" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">factsheet</a> are available online.</p><p>The press conference was presented<span style="color: #222222;"> </span><span style="color: #222222;">by Commission Executive Vice-President <b>Margrethe </b></span><strong style="color: #222222;">Vestager,</strong><span style="color: #222222;"> responsible for anti-Cartel operations,</span><span style="color: #222222;"> and Commissioner <b>Thierry</b> </span><strong style="color: #222222;">Breton</strong><span style="color: #222222;">.</span></p></blockquote></td></tr><tr><td style="font-family: Roboto, RobotoDraft, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px;"></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgKvgtgzXGeGmt6nsMQ54PTpPI1NOYPRbMNCCzVAx_qAczHMi6xqxEe-LyLSSPrHk4o1Qun9v3FRbE4g9_feTPYgKesOGcTxMfBR4wMMdalGYNJlIfSEk0v0j9z4mHyuZhUMaTEo9R_M5eUmSQyWTyVrFxfUEvbuWTm2qXa5_4SKsqvJoqSpPOWyMXJsw=s1026" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="773" data-original-width="1026" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgKvgtgzXGeGmt6nsMQ54PTpPI1NOYPRbMNCCzVAx_qAczHMi6xqxEe-LyLSSPrHk4o1Qun9v3FRbE4g9_feTPYgKesOGcTxMfBR4wMMdalGYNJlIfSEk0v0j9z4mHyuZhUMaTEo9R_M5eUmSQyWTyVrFxfUEvbuWTm2qXa5_4SKsqvJoqSpPOWyMXJsw=s320" width="320" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b>Two Trillion euro Question for all Europeans </b></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">I asked the Commission anti-cartel chief about what the EU was going to do about <b>Big Pharma withholding raw data</b> on which EU vax policy is based. There is huge money involved. </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The cost of Covid 19 to the EU?</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">More than <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/recovery-plan-europe_en" target="_blank">2 Trillion euros</a> has been and will be spent on the 'pandemic' and recovery programmes.</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The normal annual budget is about <a href="https://www.openaccessgovernment.org/eu-annual-budget-2022/124552/" target="_blank">180 billion euros</a>. The sum involved is more than ten times the annual budget. </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Where is the rational evidence and approval for spending so much taxpayers' money?</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">I quoted BMJ editorial (British Medical Journal): <i>Pharmaceutical companies are reaping vast profits without adequate independent scrutiny of their scientific claims. </i></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Thus trillions are being spent without democratic control and scientific justification. Who are responsible for waste and fraud? The Pharma industry have a lamentable reputation as recipients of largesse. </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">It is '<i>morally indefensible</i>' not to provide doctors and the public with full data on vax trials that injure lives and cause deaths, beyond the symptoms of Covid-19. </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The BMJ wrote:<i>T</i><i>he purpose of regulators is not to dance to tune of rich global corporations and enrich them further; it is to protect the health of the populations. </i></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Pharma firms reckon they own the raw data necessary to justify their vax policy and massive sales to the EU. They do not divulge the data about vaxed and unvaxed and the claimed effects of their experimental injections. Normally an experimental procedure would be tested over many years before being released to the public. The present operations are therefore 'experimental' based on data that the public has not seen.</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Pharma firms have their employees and contractors publish papers showing positive results that stimulate sales. What data are they based on? In the Tarniflu case a decade ago governments paid for expensive stockpiles, only to find out that the approval of the drug and the trials were the result of papers, most of them unpublished, and those that were were written by ghostwriters paid for by the manufacturers. The researchers listed as principal authors lacked access to the raw data. Those who asked for access were fobbed off.</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">FRAUD Big Time!</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The only access public and regulators have is via these published papers based on the restricted data. They never see the raw data. Then their response to Freedom of Information action is drip feed the info over many years. </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">For the public '<i>we are left with publications but no access to the underlying data on reasonable request</i>.' </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The BMJ Editorial is at <a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj.o102">https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj.o102</a></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Are the EU politicians and regulators fully aware of the nature of the evidence before they commit trillions to Big Pharma? Can Pharma be trusted? The BMJ editorial points out that Pharma is the least trusted industry among the 25 main industries. They have paid billions in fines and for fraud.</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><a href="https://news.gallup.com/poll/266060/big-pharma-sinks-bottom-industry-rankings.aspx" target="_blank"> A Gallup poll</a> showed that 58% of the public had a very negative or somewhat negative view of Pharma compared with a mere 27% giving positive views. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjbmKqDCiTxSIB-pM_pitLn9pJaCJE0UB2sadLXFM2etOg8lOVszM7j-ayBsH2VXQ1zKeECsyy2eXox1pUn7q5bMMFyK7RVdbYs4G57lGBominI7ucpZU90EFHXSKDj0nDg-YazHNIWZ7QSlgoAgxT0PrX_K2Qh3lCnY7oULmmAOhImV8X6l6Czqly6UQ=s853" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="616" data-original-width="853" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjbmKqDCiTxSIB-pM_pitLn9pJaCJE0UB2sadLXFM2etOg8lOVszM7j-ayBsH2VXQ1zKeECsyy2eXox1pUn7q5bMMFyK7RVdbYs4G57lGBominI7ucpZU90EFHXSKDj0nDg-YazHNIWZ7QSlgoAgxT0PrX_K2Qh3lCnY7oULmmAOhImV8X6l6Czqly6UQ=w463-h334" width="463" /></a></div><br /><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">My Question is at 12min 30s on <a href="https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-217300">https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-217300</a></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'<i>We are not here to enrich companies</i>,' Vestager said. '<i>We are here to make sure data serve their purpose if their owners, the individual wants them to and that data can be made available for research and innovation.... We are in the process {to create} a health data space in order to let everyone know what data is available on what terms. Secondly trials have to be proved to be real trials.</i>'</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Too little, too late? </div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Only after strenuous efforts were the first data on the injuries caused by the new breed vaxes released, a year late. Requested info under the US Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) showed more than <a href="https://www.christianitydaily.com/articles/14148/20211203/pfizer-covid-jab-killed-more-than-1200-people-within-90-days-fda-document-reveals.htm" target="_blank">1200 deaths</a> in the first 90 days up to 28 February 2021 and some <a href="https://citizenfreepress.com/column-3/pfizer-vaccine-data-on-adverse-events/" target="_blank">160,000 adverse effects</a> and debilitating disorders.</div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><i>Why wasn't this data released a year ago? </i></b></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><i>As the BMJ wrote:</i></b></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><i>'We need complete data transparency for all studies, we need it in the public interest, and we need it now.'</i></b></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-20084511427163649002022-01-21T07:33:00.003-08:002022-01-22T12:43:42.751-08:00DANGER! European Commission refuses to publish Treaty Charter defending Citizen's Rights against technocracy!<p> European Commission refuses to publish Treaty Charter on Citizen's Rights against technocracy!</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEit4Y3RLwKKnt8Jp-mVcH3OI-v_7Won69HIENoPYWiKezNIbRb7HPDI5H3M1x0bXJL1AZbGnX0lHY0HI-NCc5z0M7hT-gvhdTwYmheImv-TGswzz4sYwwKtcCtGW8kg240vwuV18SCj1we8S5G7hDEH6MJXinSJcMzi0g9flgq-J4whXpbBvOW0rcFCbw=s1349" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="769" data-original-width="1349" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEit4Y3RLwKKnt8Jp-mVcH3OI-v_7Won69HIENoPYWiKezNIbRb7HPDI5H3M1x0bXJL1AZbGnX0lHY0HI-NCc5z0M7hT-gvhdTwYmheImv-TGswzz4sYwwKtcCtGW8kg240vwuV18SCj1we8S5G7hDEH6MJXinSJcMzi0g9flgq-J4whXpbBvOW0rcFCbw=w589-h334" width="589" /></a><p></p><p><br /></p><p>Europe is in grave DANGER. </p><p>Technocracy has OFFICIALLY replaced any veneer of Democracy and Transparency. What can the citizen do about it? </p><p>Here are the new rules of the European Commission. They override any law or treaty, apparently.</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Principles of democracy for the EU? <u><i>Don't ask!</i></u></li><li>How can citizens stop irresponsible technocracy controlling their lives, imposing lockdowns, forcing inoculations and spending taxpayers' money without proper controls? <i><u>Don't ask!</u></i></li><li>How can citizens appeal against bureaucratic abuse? <u><i>Don't ask!</i></u></li><li><i><u>No more questions on these subjects.</u></i> Journalists in the Commission Press Room are allowed to ask any question but apparently not on this subject, according to the Commission Spokesman. </li><li><i>Just don't ask!</i></li></ul><p></p><p>Why?</p><p>Censorship on bureaucratic and technocratic maladministration is the rule! That is what the Spokesperson of the European Commission declared in answer to my question.</p><p>What was my question? I asked when was the Commission going to publish the founding documents of modern Europe, Charter of the European Community. This defines how citizens can appeal against all sorts of bureaucratic abuse and malfeasance. It was signed at the time of Europe's first Community treaty in Paris on 18 April 1951.</p><p>Here is a link to my question: <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-217128&source=gmail&ust=1642862521893000&usg=AOvVaw2xL6FgvGGJihS5YVxcO0UR" href="https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-217128" style="background-color: white; color: blue; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;" target="_blank">https://audiovisual.ec.europa.<wbr></wbr>eu/en/video/I-217128</a></p><p>Commission Vice President Suica confirmed on 19 April 2021 that this and other historic documents on transparency and democratic control would be published for the <i>Conference on the Future of Europe</i>. That conference was initiated by French President Macron in response to the Democratic Deficit and Brexit. The conference is now drawing to a close without any discussion on the Charter.</p><p><b>Now apparently the bureaucrats themselves have decided that they should override both the Vice President and the public. They are refusing to publish the Charter. </b></p><p>The founder of the European Community, Robert Schuman, probably had Britain's Great Charter, the Magna Carta, in mind when he called it the Charter of the Community. It is a system of justice and fair government. It defines the linkage to the human rights process.</p><p>The European Commission said that it is not going to answer the question, even if I asked it again. In fact the Spokesman refused to allow me the usual follow-up question, <i>twice</i>.</p><p>This is quite an extraordinary position to take. For half an hour, Mr Mamer had just answered multiple similar questions by different journalists on the bureaucratic consequences of Covid 19 on free movement of citizens. <i>We have answered this question a <u>thousand times</u></i>, he said. </p><p>But <i>one</i> answer about why the Charter is not published as promised? One answer about why bureaucrats buried it in the archives? One question as to what is going on? VERBOTEN!</p><p>And if any citizen had the naive idea that an appeal to the European Ombudsman about maladministration would have any effect on the Commission, they are mistaken. <b><i>The Commission said they would ignore it!</i></b></p><p><b><i>Europe is in real danger.</i></b></p><p>After my question in the Commission Press Room, Eric Mamer, the Commission Spokesperson telephoned me. He repeated that they are not going to publish the Treaty Charter of the Community at the heart of Europe's democracy. Mr Mamer confirmed again that he would refuse to answer any further questions on the subject. </p><p>I pointed out that the European Ombudsman had written to the Commission pointing out that the Commission had not given any reasons for not publishing the Charter. The Commission had therefore failed in its elementary duty to answer my complaint about this failure. </p><p>Mr Mamer was adamant. He said he did not care what the Ombudsman said. Their position would not change whatever the European Ombudsman reported on the abuse. There were many other cases that they had done so. </p><p>The letter I had received from the Commission's Secretariat General <u>did not give any reasons</u> for not publishing it. The official merely stated it was considered a declaration and <i>therefore</i> it was not going to be published, (whatever Vice President Suica said). Not logical. Surely the Commission can publish a Declaration if the Vice President said it was necessary.</p><p>The Charter is in fact an integral part of the Paris Treaty that defines the institutions of modern Europe. It defines not only the duties and installation of the Commission (High Authority), the Parliament and the Council of Ministers but also the European Court of Justice! If you eliminate the Charter you should logically eliminate these institutions! </p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRHjF7fRNDKvv-y9vC6YIKMskR0vDRIqwhfm9QPK_pvlznQfsmbYHohYIG75mSsGfYD_JTrC1oMa33Zo50r_ouW6DGwWVV8qS4-U8HvMcvGUHWZ0nik8m3dHV3XAAFBlAZ5ceIhuRl3ZyN/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" data-original-height="863" data-original-width="692" height="602" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRHjF7fRNDKvv-y9vC6YIKMskR0vDRIqwhfm9QPK_pvlznQfsmbYHohYIG75mSsGfYD_JTrC1oMa33Zo50r_ouW6DGwWVV8qS4-U8HvMcvGUHWZ0nik8m3dHV3XAAFBlAZ5ceIhuRl3ZyN/w482-h602/image.png" width="482" /></a></p><p>This call confirms that the Commission is governed by rules of technocracy, not open democracy.</p><p><u>Europe is in grave DANGER</u>.</p><p>For the Commission, apparently, it is not a question of whether the Charter is a legal and ratified part of the Paris Treaty or is a mere declaration or some other sort of document, the Spokesperson said that it is simply not going to republish it. </p><p>I had prepared a letter to European Commission Spokesperson, Eric Mamer, following my question at today's Press conference. I then sent it to him immediately.</p><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><div class="ii gt" id=":14q" jslog="20277; u014N:xr6bB; 4:W251bGwsbnVsbCxbXV0." style="direction: ltr; margin: 8px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="a3s aiL" id=":14p" style="font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1.5; overflow: hidden;"><div dir="ltr"><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">Here is my later letter to the EC Spokesperson in full.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"></span></p><blockquote style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">Hello Eric,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">In the Commission press room today, Eric, you said the Commission has answered my complaint about the non-publication of Europe’s foundational democratic documents. You did not allow my follow-up question. That did not let me clarify where you are mistaken on the Commission’s stated position for full publication. The letter (that I had not received at the time from the Secretariat General) said nothing to justify the non-publication of the Paris Treaty Charter. It merely gave an (erroneous) description of the Charter. I did not ask about the legal nature of the Charter. That should be obvious. </span><u>Schuman said that these documents provided a defence for citizens’ human rights against bureaucracy, technocracy, tyranny and totalitarianism.</u></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">The official at the Commission's Secretariat General refused to address the question of publication. The Ombudsman pointed this out to the Commission. ‘<i>It is not clear what relevance the nature of the document has with the decision not to publish…</i>’ The Ombudsman added ‘<i>The Commission has <u>not replied</u> to the complainant’s request that the documents should be published online and in the OJ</i>.’</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">The failure to publish has nothing to do with how one official defines the document. <u>The Commission said officially it would publish the foundational documents on European democracy.</u> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"><i>So did the Council. </i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"><i>So did the European Parliament</i>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">Reason enough that they should be published. Is one official allowed to stop publication authorised by Vice President Suica and the Council Presidency? Can an official deny publication of a public document that is a constitutional foundation stone of Europe? Is a technocrat in charge to decide what is good and fit for the public to know above the Commission itself? This Charter is a document signed and sealed in Paris on 18 April1951 by the Six Foreign Ministers with plenipotentiary powers, ratified and legally deposited in the French Foreign Ministry.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">The Vice President of the Commission affirmed that, for the <i>Conference on the Future of Europe</i> and the on-going debate on the Democratic Deficit, the Commission would publish this essential part of the Treaty of Paris. The Commission and the other institutions (EP and Council) represented in the press room on 19 April 2021 also confirmed they would publish the full text of the Schuman Declaration including what Schuman called the exordium, the initial summary that situated it in a geopolitical and historical context.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">The Commission has not published either document. Fact. Why?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">Is the Commission refusing to publish these documents?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">I would appreciate your reply on this question.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">Regards,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB">David</span></p></blockquote><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px;">Mr Mamer then replied to my letter as follows.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: small; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span></span></p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px;"><span style="color: #1f497d;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">"We have spoken just now on the phone. You received a detailed letter from the Commission, dated 14 December 2021, that states the Commission’s position on the publication of the document you refer to and hence answers your questions.<u></u><u></u></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px;"><span style="color: #1f497d;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">As I already wrote to you on 21 December 2021, I have nothing to add to what this letter states, either in writing or in the press room.</span></span> <span style="color: #1f497d;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Kind regards,</span></span> <span style="color: #1f497d;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Eric.</span></span><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: inherit;">"</span></p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: small; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"></span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><u></u><u></u></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><u></u> The European Commission has, inevitably, to answer to the people and to justice.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; margin: 0px;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-GB"></span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-9758019228550329502021-12-10T01:59:00.001-08:002021-12-10T02:00:35.986-08:00Europe's Future: Autocracy, Technocracy? EU Commission must publish the Charter Treaty on Freedom of Choice!<div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJd39EkeIH2Tv_KDe3Mf_WLwH1HGuYwwXJBm1vCEW8dAtQNBXuuSfAOcChtI-3S0Hzll2ISW7BXdExBwuZUOK_Bvbx9SMdwFk8DrIsNszR2_w850RwiXToC9wyY5CN2ub5XuBysOEyoT6J/s1181/Screen+Shot+2021-12-10+at+10.57.11.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="766" data-original-width="1181" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJd39EkeIH2Tv_KDe3Mf_WLwH1HGuYwwXJBm1vCEW8dAtQNBXuuSfAOcChtI-3S0Hzll2ISW7BXdExBwuZUOK_Bvbx9SMdwFk8DrIsNszR2_w850RwiXToC9wyY5CN2ub5XuBysOEyoT6J/w410-h267/Screen+Shot+2021-12-10+at+10.57.11.png" width="410" /></a></div><br />Yesterday in the EU Commission Press Room, I raised a couple of questions about the inactivity and the lack of a direct response of the Commission on the need and legal obligation of the Commission to publish the <b>Charter of the Community</b>. Eric Mamer, the Spokesman, said he had no information. I asked him to help the services provide answers, and publication well before the end of the Conference debate on the Future of Europe. </div><div>On 19 April, the Commission affirmed that they would publish this Charter Treaty and the full text of the Schuman Declaration so that citizens can discuss them at the Conference on the Future of Europe. The Commission ('Guardian of the Treaties') has not done so. </div><div><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-215453&source=gmail&ust=1639215753105000&usg=AOvVaw2sZfbGKvcwnVOHBD9_ADsp" href="https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-215453" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">https://audiovisual.ec.europa.<wbr></wbr>eu/en/video/I-215453</a><br /></div><div>President Ursula von der Leyen spoke in a Tweet for the <i>Summit for Democracy</i> about how democracy means freedom of choice for Europeans. The Charter or Joint Declaration is a Treaty that provides for citizens a legal instrument to expand the areas of liberty, counter technocratic or politburo-style imposition of regulations and reverse the disastrous Democratic Deficit of the EU that led to many recent problems including <b><i>Brexit</i></b> and<b><i> Rule of Law</i></b> issues. </div><div>The Charter Treaty is held in legal deposit in the archives of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs as designated by Article 100 of the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty. The <b><i>French Presidency</i></b> of the Council starts next month and it will be embarrassing if the Charter Treaty and the full Schuman Declaration are not published by then.<br />The Charter of the Community signed by the plenipotentiary Founding Fathers confirms legally that the European institutions in the Treaty of Paris (Council, Commission, Consultative Committee, Court, Parliamentary Assembly) recognise that Europeans have God-given rights of freedom of choice. This distinguishes a real democracy from the Fascist regimes or the false People's Democracies of the Communist Soviet bloc or any autocratic regime that imposes its own rules or a technocracy.</div><div><br /></div><div>My recent article on the subject is at:<br /><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.com/2021/12/eu-document-transparency-real-problem.html&source=gmail&ust=1639215753105000&usg=AOvVaw23cnRRXMUOL4titCAVIiW3" href="https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.com/2021/12/eu-document-transparency-real-problem.html" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.<wbr></wbr>com/2021/12/eu-document-<wbr></wbr>transparency-real-problem.html</a></div><div><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;" /></div><p> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-10545135661826793452021-12-08T06:56:00.006-08:002021-12-10T02:35:18.207-08:00EU Document Transparency: the real Problem is Seventy years old!<p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj84Ai_RPdEa5n7yuCvDDC5XnA-lvgOofzwF25VGuQ-aSx1zoGMx2KvLfbQG8f20oHVIdKF7bRV3nE0LlLaysQsExt1M47rnPNqE4szSoKICyISM9xCupmm6XzvBw5dxF61Inp7n75tU4Hl/s889/Cat+in+rain.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="652" data-original-width="889" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj84Ai_RPdEa5n7yuCvDDC5XnA-lvgOofzwF25VGuQ-aSx1zoGMx2KvLfbQG8f20oHVIdKF7bRV3nE0LlLaysQsExt1M47rnPNqE4szSoKICyISM9xCupmm6XzvBw5dxF61Inp7n75tU4Hl/s320/Cat+in+rain.png" width="320" /></a>Do politicians like transparency? Do cats like rain?</p><p>They prefer to stay inside, behind closed doors. </p><p>Then they hide the papers.</p><p>The most important papers are in fact <b><i>treaties</i></b> that have been hidden for seventy years. </p><p>Seventy years!</p><p>What should citizens do about it? </p><p>Complain about missing papers? A <u>treaty</u> engaging governments to open government is some extraordinary piece of paper, like no other.</p><p> "Access to Documents: what next?" That was the theme of the 15 November conference was organised on by the European Ombudsman, Mrs Emily O'Reilly. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAje9HLpIw6pdO6tLT_X20FuWFSkB4Y1sM-M3A-nxyIbGnfBEmL6HAr0xJYWnaFsVYDeC5v2mtK6H6t5vQdFsjVkqxPpWBAzDfaIcOhZJNWQQXuksMccH6o8HDimHcJ4I61PVB09q5_OXf/s800/EU+Ombudsman+Transparency+panel.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="800" height="323" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAje9HLpIw6pdO6tLT_X20FuWFSkB4Y1sM-M3A-nxyIbGnfBEmL6HAr0xJYWnaFsVYDeC5v2mtK6H6t5vQdFsjVkqxPpWBAzDfaIcOhZJNWQQXuksMccH6o8HDimHcJ4I61PVB09q5_OXf/w517-h323/EU+Ombudsman+Transparency+panel.png" width="517" /></a></div><p>The conference was told:</p><p></p><blockquote><p>"<span face=""Source Sans Pro", sans-serif" style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;">The EU institutions are obliged to keep records of documents relevant to their work and any EU citizen can request to view them. This right is enshrined in EU law but Regulation 1049/2001 is now 20 years old. New technologies, as well as changing expectations about the transparency of public administrations, mean it is time to discuss the future of the EU’s access to documents rules.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border-radius: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 10px;"><span style="font-family: times;">Transparency and access to documents inquiries account for around one quarter of the Ombudsman’s inquiries each year. There is a fixed timetable in the procedure for requesting documents, but are there too many delays in the system? While institutions have the right to refuse access to documents for certain specific reasons, are these exemptions applied too readily?"</span></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: white; border-radius: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 10px;"></p><p><b>Seventy Years of decline</b></p><p>The European institutions have been around for 70 years since the Treaty of Paris was signed on 18 April 1951. That treaty had a very powerful way both to collect information about the first European Single Market. It also knew how to protect the privacy of enterprises, the trade unions and the consumers. </p><p>Schuman was no dreamer about bureaucracies. He wrote that a badly run bureaucracy, a technocracy was the greatest danger to democracy. How do you fight an out-of-control technocracy? Transparency. He therefore built in protection of information and information sources and also provided the means to make the most important information available to the citizens.</p><p>When the United Nations wanted to organise its global information network, it called on Schuman to write a plan for them.</p><p>So why is the Democratic Deficit and maladministration such a problem today?</p><p><b>Blocked at Birth</b></p><p>Let's be clear about the origin of this problem. Let's also understand why the office of Ombudsman was invented four decades after the birth of the European Community.</p><p>The European Community was designed as an open democratic system: </p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>the Assembly was to hold open debates, </li><li>the Consultative Committees and, </li><li>Yes, the Council of Ministers too! </li></ul><p></p><p>Everything was supposed to be open to the public and the press. The principles were clearly written in the original treaties signed and sealed on 18 April 1951. </p><p><b>Declaration of Interdependence</b></p><p>The key document was the <b><i>Charter of the Community</i></b>. It described how all citizens and civil organisations have the right to demand open government so that they can see, investigate and criticise each and every institution. This contrasted them with the so-called People's Democracies of the Soviet bloc. There the politburo met behind closed doors, issued its laws, stopped citizens from criticising the Party and forbade any other ideology but atheistic Communism. </p><p><u>The Charter Treaty is the key document focusing on the right that will stop the EU becoming the European equivalent of the Soviet-style People's Democracy run by a politburo.</u></p><p>What distinguishes an autocracy from a democracy? The citizens' <b><i>right to choose.</i></b> With this power they can replace the so-called representatives who preferred to act as self-serving autocrats. </p><p>The first act of the politicians was to hide or bury the Charter of the Community! This treaty was originally called the <b><i>Joint Declaration</i></b> of the European Community. Robert Schuman called it the Charter of the Community. It has also been called the <i><b>Declaration of Inter-Dependence</b></i>, reflecting the founding freedoms of the United States of America. </p><p>The Commission has promised many times to publish this and the founding documents. It failed to deliver. Their original reluctance to publish it has led to the slippery slope of the Democratic Deficit. That has got worse and worse as one error was compounded by subsequent political compromises, not to say corruption. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh232Mz5y9hEbNPs9MYPPaot3c-mRElgv6tajQvomRfKRispYtud2WlHmZyUpmDwMdh4_eucHrUWZEhQlOoqZ6G-KAqDIITptwfCycddzisy5jSW3kagzkP4Hg3BTWM9PafanJndocrD-k1/s564/EU+Ombudsman+Decision+2650+of+2007.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="507" data-original-width="564" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh232Mz5y9hEbNPs9MYPPaot3c-mRElgv6tajQvomRfKRispYtud2WlHmZyUpmDwMdh4_eucHrUWZEhQlOoqZ6G-KAqDIITptwfCycddzisy5jSW3kagzkP4Hg3BTWM9PafanJndocrD-k1/w355-h320/EU+Ombudsman+Decision+2650+of+2007.png" width="355" /></a></div><p><b>Consequences</b></p><p>Without the Charter and the applications of its principles, the European Commission became what Mrs Thatcher called in 1990 "<i><a href="https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/thatcher-hit-out-angrily-at-ec-politburo-as-haughey-looked-to-her-for-help-39905455.html">an undemocratic politburo</a>.</i>" This was just after the liberation of the Central and Eastern Europe from the Soviet Bloc. '<i>We are trying to get Eastern Europe to accept democratic standards and here we are recreating our own <a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9091679/Margaret-Thatcher-branded-European-Commission-undemocratic-politburo-archives-show.html">politburo</a>,</i>' she said. </p><p>She was not alone, either in the UK or on the Continent. </p><p>Generations of European democrats would not abandon the fundamental principles of impartiality and transparency. </p><p>They made sure that it was written down -- even in the politicians' own Lisbon Treaty. Its articles say that meetings on the Council should be as open as those in the European Parliament. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaNMVat2K9Ptao9ED45afNBtCG7i_RsL0169LfQOwu6emmwyzRlxL64scBlk0wT54mpU9EsK3RSLwRkNeQkqgA6D4F0Hu5JzhcV0pSuOhXypPobaZCzpOUyn1rDGLeS7Pmf4hQ60WlRdan/s538/LT+Cncl+meet+in+Public.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="465" data-original-width="538" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaNMVat2K9Ptao9ED45afNBtCG7i_RsL0169LfQOwu6emmwyzRlxL64scBlk0wT54mpU9EsK3RSLwRkNeQkqgA6D4F0Hu5JzhcV0pSuOhXypPobaZCzpOUyn1rDGLeS7Pmf4hQ60WlRdan/s320/LT+Cncl+meet+in+Public.png" width="320" /></a></div><p>That still has not happened.</p><p>The doors of the Council of Ministers are slammed shut to the public and the press. </p><p>The Law says politicians have to agree to open sessions whenever they</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>consider</li><li>deliberate, or</li><li>take a common position of legislation proposed by the European Commission. </li></ul><p></p><p>That means practically all the time except possibly for discussions on security.</p><p>How will they be opened again? All the politicians in the Council have to agree that they should obey the treaty they signed up for.</p><p>Politicians are as difficult to herd as a clutter of cats. But it takes <b><i><u>only one brave, honest politician</u></i></b> to declare and insist that the ministers have to obey the Treaty and act to open the doors. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgk8rqruBgSNKEBZ54Dn66gcmv4806LMTTip4EsIK_X1PUJ5tdtgduc-Mk2pjstZ2M4mtpMxDuqdAgzMUnkpSUTrfekOjn9oVqyZTFeidiIqmkt9zhIdwBs6EEtM9oPD8lDa7H4M9rhMtFI/s474/Clutter+of+cats.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="474" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgk8rqruBgSNKEBZ54Dn66gcmv4806LMTTip4EsIK_X1PUJ5tdtgduc-Mk2pjstZ2M4mtpMxDuqdAgzMUnkpSUTrfekOjn9oVqyZTFeidiIqmkt9zhIdwBs6EEtM9oPD8lDa7H4M9rhMtFI/w557-h216/Clutter+of+cats.jpg" width="557" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p>But even before the Lisbon Treaty, the Democratic Deficit and the closed door autocracy of the Council had stoked public frustrations, not to mention fury. What would the politicians do about it? How could they divert public opinion?</p><p>By the year 2000, the European Community system had been blatantly deformed into a politicians' cartel. People openly complained that the Commission was developing characteristics of Soviet politburo secrecy. The newly liberated countries of central and eastern Europe wanted none of that. </p><p>So the politicians instead of applying the original treaties, decided to borrow the idea of Ombudsman from the Scandinavian countries. This would give the complainants the illusion of access. It was a veneer to cover the real problem. It limited citizen's intrusion into their political games. It diverted their energy into a process of fighting the bureaucracy to release documents rather than giving citizens their proper powers.</p><p>Illusion, no substance. False promises of action to publish responsibly. And far from the original basis of open democracy, full public and press access to meetings.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2K3RHfoXKigPSMuWLbzBfQjscjKG1SC5NgJS6314YqleD2I8Sn1-vin4jPygTxEPW5dRYHGMJGo0Qq-t3GZeIgAH3z3ojS96HDOw51bOn5FIuAaxIjZiIj9DFJgGCCbqSxLOanDEER8vD/s2048/RS+Dcln+Charter+Sorensen+2011+15April.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1240" data-original-width="2048" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2K3RHfoXKigPSMuWLbzBfQjscjKG1SC5NgJS6314YqleD2I8Sn1-vin4jPygTxEPW5dRYHGMJGo0Qq-t3GZeIgAH3z3ojS96HDOw51bOn5FIuAaxIjZiIj9DFJgGCCbqSxLOanDEER8vD/w579-h352/RS+Dcln+Charter+Sorensen+2011+15April.jpeg" width="579" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p><b>The excuses</b></p><p>What of demands for the publication of the real documents of people power from 1951? The Commission has over the years come up with a long list of excuses. </p><p>They denied knowledge of the Charter of the Community!</p><p>Figure that out. The Commission declares that it is '<i>Guardian of the Treaties'</i>. How then does the Commission not know where the treaties are?</p><p>Here is the signature page of the Charter Treaty, the Joint Declaration, signed and sealed as part of the founding Treaty of Paris.</p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPqG2xaVq9WaKgLlqrSvWfBSZSo1I7UjE5cTtMy73MwwGTrCs3fhrz0zKL9atZxnl4hru5zbvVjBoX8vZxG41m6F5Zy77SD1Fb1eCSV1uNEvN1_TVcL8-7FLisMUzNVS8ppLETLCCtJQD_/s679/Eur+Charter4.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="649" data-original-width="679" height="552" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPqG2xaVq9WaKgLlqrSvWfBSZSo1I7UjE5cTtMy73MwwGTrCs3fhrz0zKL9atZxnl4hru5zbvVjBoX8vZxG41m6F5Zy77SD1Fb1eCSV1uNEvN1_TVcL8-7FLisMUzNVS8ppLETLCCtJQD_/w577-h552/Eur+Charter4.jpg" width="577" /></a></p><p>It is signed the same day as the European Coal and Steel Treaty with its other annexes and protocols. It is signed by the same plenipotentiary ministers of Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg, with two ministers from Belgium and the Netherlands. </p><p>Its powers are described in the early legal literature and books on the Community, including those of Robert Schuman, Paul Reuter (who drafted much of the treaties) and others like Walter Hallstein, later president of the European Economic community. </p><p>The Commission said they could not find it in their archives! Of course not. The last article of the ECSC treaty says the originals are kept at the French Foreign Ministry in Paris. A decade ago I wrote and <a href="https://schuman.info/CharterQdO.htm" target="_blank">obtained a copy</a>. Why couldn't the '<i>Guardian of the Treaties</i>'? </p><p>What sort of incompetence is that?</p><p><b>The time for excuses is over. The governments, all organised civil society and individuals including the Ombudsman should insist that citizens have their rights recognized by the politicians.</b></p><p><b>The Charter of the Community must be published in the Official Journal! </b></p><p><br /></p><p> </p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-12844470123060959722021-11-02T14:44:00.001-07:002021-11-02T14:44:15.615-07:00Major US Election Fraud captured by the Trillion<p><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;"><b>US election Cyber-hacking by algorithm </b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">Media reaction: <b><i>Silence</i></b>. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">EU reaction at possible fraud on the most massive scale imaginable: <b><i>Silence</i></b>. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">The EU has its own anti-'<i>disinformation</i>' investigators. It has its own cyber security agency, ENISA.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">The EU authorities are zip-mouthed on possibly the most outrageous affront to democracy in the world. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">Between 30 percent of Americans used to believe that fraud and cheating took place in the 3 November US election. That was a few months ago. Today the figure is around 50 percent or more. A large number of them are Democrats. They wonder how allegedly Joe Biden gained millions of votes more than Barak Obama, and broke his record turn out. Biden is older, forgetful, lethargic, bumbling and accused of dementia. Hardly the characteristics to gain votes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">They have good reason. The evidence is flowing out. <a href="https://www.foxnews.com/politics/biden-voter-fraud-organization-video-gaffe" target="_blank">Joe Biden</a> himself said: </span></p><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><p style="text-align: left;"><span face="Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 18px;">"We have put together, I think, the most extensive and inclusive voter fraud organization in the history of American politics," Biden said in the video.</span></p></blockquote><p></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://home.frankspeech.com/tv/video/absolute-interference-sequel-absolute-proof-new-evidence-foreign-and-domestic-enemies-used" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" target="_blank"><img border="0" data-original-height="291" data-original-width="503" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD-2Pqz1iXzIokjD9Y1PuChXiqt6eREk5prf2tZlRX4-nN2S_28MYH9mPGNtCGeJOMGB1H99Pp7ijMCM2KLKDxNwGCAasHzSzaIYriWOSgQHXuu3Zs4IH0wA40bW7b959y9CRJeOkpBIPa/s16000/Screen+Shot+2021-08-09+at+18.00.55.png" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://home.frankspeech.com/tv/video/absolute-interference-sequel-absolute-proof-new-evidence-foreign-and-domestic-enemies-used">https://home.frankspeech.com/tv/video/absolute-interference-sequel-absolute-proof-new-evidence-foreign-and-domestic-enemies-used</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p></p><p><br /><span style="font-family: times;">Law-makers with cyber experts from 50 of America's 50 States interacted this summer with other experts analysing software tricks and criminal activities that altered election results and the means to analyse them from the computer based records. Key ballot files have been shown to be deleted. That should automatically and of necessity lead to prosecution. It hasn't. </span></p><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">During the November 2020 US election 37 Terabytes of internet messaging from electronic counting ballot machines were captured as raw data packets 'pCaps'. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">A major symposium with the nations top cyber experts is taking place 10 to 12 August in Sioux Falls SD, USA analysing these data. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">It has confirmed major fraud.<br /><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">For one, the electronic counting machines were not supposed to be connected to the internet! </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Secondly, the ballot counting machines are owned by a European company whose major shareholders are Chinese. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Thirdly, similar fraud seems to have taken place in a number of other countries.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Is the Commission and ENISA or other European agencies following this? When I asked the Commission, they replied:</span></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #1f497d;"><span style="font-family: times;">We are aware of the press reports both on this story and on the cybersecurity symposium but we would have no specific comments to make.</span></span></p></div></blockquote><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><div><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 9pt;"><br /></span></div></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b>Algorithm to create false voters</b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Following some unusual outcomes were candidates lost seats in known Republican strongholds, an investigation was conducted on several levels.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Where did the vast number of Democrats suddenly appear? There was a mystery between the results and the known affiliation of the population. Dr Douglas Frank an eminent physicist decided to lead an investigation into what happened. He had two sources of information. The election results and the electoral roll, the list of the adults in that population who were registered to vote. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Clearly the maximum number of voters could not exceed the number of voters on the electoral role.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Then surprise, surprise. He found that not only had 100 percent of the registered voters voted but in some cases more than 100%! Normally only a proportion, like fifty or seventy percent of the population would actually go to vote.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">He showed the graphs to Mike Lindell, who, as a businessman, was familiar with graphs and advertising responses. It showed that someone had been illegally recording that not only all had the registered voters been to the polls that day, but in some cases, others were phantom who seemed to be legally registered. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPISEbBd8PdtTZCcxdgX94GlAn_89W1z8gg17HwLMqIbXbGaIPUlXlO-e5LFKd3s-SNQUq8RkdCcVi40AGElpuKUk1fRnzdv67dxnhprvqkloPFpDTE1cPAxoupYaKfOXYXSjXczCt20So/s770/US+Census+Hamilton+Ohio.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: times;"><img border="0" data-original-height="616" data-original-width="770" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPISEbBd8PdtTZCcxdgX94GlAn_89W1z8gg17HwLMqIbXbGaIPUlXlO-e5LFKd3s-SNQUq8RkdCcVi40AGElpuKUk1fRnzdv67dxnhprvqkloPFpDTE1cPAxoupYaKfOXYXSjXczCt20So/w312-h249/US+Census+Hamilton+Ohio.png" width="312" /></span></a></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">What was going on?</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">The most reliable method was to check door-to-door to see if the person named as voting was actually living at the registered address.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">The result was shocking. About one in thirty was a phantom person. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b>Votes structured by age</b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">To the sharp mind of Dr Frank that meant that an algorithm was being used. But it wasn't the same as the most recent one. So he tried to fit the supposed voter curve - and found that it fitted better with the previous census report.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Conclusion: Someone was (1) adding extra voters so that the maximum number of voter could be recorded as voting.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">(2) These added voters were false.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">(3) they were using a computer program to assign the phantom voters so that at first glance they fitted the census data even though it was ridiculous to maintain that 100 percent or more registered people had voted.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">(4) the algorithm did not use the latest census as a database and guide for fitting up the falsehood. They had only at their disposal the previous census report.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Above all it showed that massive voter fraud was taking place by adding phantom voter into what was now a computer based voting system. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">The Election, at least in Hamilton county, Ohio, was fraudulent.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Then Dr Frank checked all the other 88 counties of Ohio. All showed the same fraudulent pattern or algorithm. This was age-adjusted. The shock was that this 'Registration Key' worked to a perfect fit in all counties.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">No human could make these adjustments in real time. It showed that it was done by a computer manipulation.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">What was happening? It was like a credit-line for fraud.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">In one county of a State, Dr Frank calculated the percentage of voters of a certain age who supposedly voted. Then he checked the numbers in all the other counties. Surprise, surprise! In all the counties the same percentage appeared, regardless of being NSEW, city or farm etc. However when he examined the next State he found the same phenomenon, but with a different percentage. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">What was the explanation. Someone with the aid of computers was 'expanding' all votes so that the outcome for each State gave Biden extra votes. Some gave him victory by very small margins, but victory no less.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">"The more voters you have registered the more {false} ballots you can put in wherever you need them."</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">Dr Frank used public data. The same pattern was happening in Florida, Pennsylvania, Colorado etc. The data can be checked by any member of the public -- except in States where the Secretaries of State have barred access to census and registration data. Why would they do that?</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: times;">What was also incriminating was that as soon as the fact-checkers crossed the State borders, they found that a different Registration Key was being used. And it was being applied to all the counties in the State. Each State is manipulated separately, because in USA it is the electoral college of State victories that determine the presidency, not the total national count.</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><b><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></b></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b>Independent figures confirm fraud</b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">The material that came into the hands of Mike Lindell fit these figures like a hand and glove. These data are the internet traffic figures. It is possible to capture all the traffic on the internet and record from which computer address it is being sent and to which computer address it is being sent. Each computer has a coded address. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;">Commercial companies, like <i>Wireshark</i>, can provide such capture of each separate message. And each message is detailed as to time place and contents. The messages are divided into the smallest size for transmission and sent separately. Then at the receiving end the separate 'packets' are reassembled to provide the whole transmission, whether an email or a video. </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;"> </span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: times;"><b>Packet Capture codes</b></span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="color: #212121; font-family: times;">The packet list pane will show you the exact number of captured data bits. Since the packets are organized in several columns, it’s fairly easy to interpret. The default categories are:</span></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="color: #212121; font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: times;">No. (<b><i>Number</i></b>): As mentioned, you can find the exact number of captured packets in this column. The digits will remain the same even after filtrating the data.</span></li><li><b><i>Source</i></b>: It shows where the packet originated.</li><li><b><i>Destination</i></b>: It shows the place where the packet will be kept.</li><li><i><b>Protocol</b></i>: It displays the name of the protocol, typically in an abbreviation.</li><li><b><i>Length</i></b>: It shows the number of bytes contained in the captured packet.</li><li><b><i>Info</i></b>: The column includes any additional information about a particular packet.</li></ul><h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #1c1b20; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.2rem 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: times; font-size: small; line-height: inherit;">Time stamp</span></h3><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="font-family: times;">As <i>Wireshark</i> analyzes the network traffic, each captured package is time stamped. The timestamps are then included in the packet list pane and available for later inspection.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="font-family: times;"><i>Wireshark</i> doesn’t create the timestamps themselves. Instead, the analyzer tool gets them from the Npcap library. However, the source of the timestamp is actually the kernel. That’s why the accuracy of the timestamp can vary from file to file.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="font-family: times;">You can choose the format in which the timestamps will be displayed in the packet list. In addition, you can set the preferred precision or number of decimal places that are displayed. Apart from the default precision setting, there’s also:</span></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: times;">Seconds</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: times;">Tenths of a second</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: times;">Hundredths of a second</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: times;">Milliseconds</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: times;">Microseconds</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: times;">Nanoseconds</span></li></ul><h3 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #1c1b20; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0.2rem 0px 0.5rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: times; font-size: small; line-height: inherit;">Source</span></h3><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #212121; line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px 0px 1.25rem; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><span style="font-family: times;">As the name suggests, the source of the packet is the place of origin. If you want to obtain the source code of a Wireshark repository, you can download it by using a Git client. However, the method requires you to have a GitLab account. It’s possible to do it without one, but it’s better to sign up just in case.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: times;">The cyber-security people at ENISA should be familiar with the issues as the materials have been aired for several months now. The pCap was known in January. On packet-switching networks, each packet of data has to be verified individually as to contents of its origin and destination and the timing. A packet is typically from tens up to a few thousand bytes. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">The capture of election machine data packets can show forensically sure proof of fraud. Each packet holds its own proof. 37 Terabytes have been captured. (One Terabyte = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes.)</span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">There are many multi-billion dollar law suits by Dominion and other firms against news organisations in US, trying to prevent the release for examination of the ballot counting machines. The modems would show the identical data traffic fitting exactly that which is in the 37 Terabytes of pCaps. That would be incontrovertible proof of interference.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">Initially both the manufacturers and some politicians maintained that no modems existed on the counting machines but this has been proved false in the case where one of the machines was forensically examined. The 4G modem comes from a firm in Taiwan. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">Both major parties in the USA have previously issued statements about the lack of security in these voting machines that threaten election integrity. see video below.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">After full analysis of the data stream by cyber security experts, the details of the pCap are being released at the Symposium 10-12 August. They show millions of votes being shifted fractionally and expanded according to both algorithms that attribute false votes to people on the 2010 census and interactive international cyber-hacking following this algorithm. That is why the voting includes tens of thousands of dead people. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">Background <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://home.frankspeech.com/tv/video/mike-lindell-presents-absolutely-9-0&source=gmail&ust=1628774279115000&usg=AFQjCNGZ-yovoRibtNWFS54k7EgU7ufHjg" href="https://home.frankspeech.com/tv/video/mike-lindell-presents-absolutely-9-0" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">https://home.<wbr></wbr>frankspeech.com/tv/video/mike-<wbr></wbr>lindell-presents-absolutely-9-<wbr></wbr>0</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">This is one of several background reports available on <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://home.frankspeech.com/content/mike-lindells-absolute-series&source=gmail&ust=1628774279115000&usg=AFQjCNEvfS9zaRRldJlHyDZUMQHv5GsFxw" href="https://home.frankspeech.com/content/mike-lindells-absolute-series" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">https://home.frankspeech.<wbr></wbr>com/content/mike-lindells-<wbr></wbr>absolute-series</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;"><b>Tina Peters images</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">Mesa county Colorado took forensic images of their computer based Dominion machines before and after a visit of their technicians. Far more than maintenance was involved. The elections clerk was suspicious of what they called the new work-- ironically called <i>Trusted Build</i>. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">First two partitions of the HD were made. This provided a means for another operation. Some files were deleted. The partition divisions destroyed the contents of them. By US law no manipulation addition to or deletion from electoral data is permitted for 22 months after an election. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">Thus breach of public trust requires legal action up to and including a new election. Then during Tina's trip to the symposium he Secretary of State raided her office in Mesa country, Colorado.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: times;">Symposium experts found deletion of files and also software to "de-harden" the security and turn off the encryption for the intruder. This revelation rendered the Dominion software illegal for any future election use. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoo02Le93tTAKxHq5jj-Emw4JIDVQ3W_YLca6dETJuyvUnU5-FC4m9pwXg9AHstpq_e1Unizyqh52hyphenhyphenmINvvLShyphenhyphenagLkZkfah84V_W0qdGVg3W80SXWYi_J07qmaj5tyVAtUGJ1wDcyj7g/s1041/Screen+Shot+2021-08-11+at+21.33.58.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: times;"><img border="0" data-original-height="287" data-original-width="1041" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoo02Le93tTAKxHq5jj-Emw4JIDVQ3W_YLca6dETJuyvUnU5-FC4m9pwXg9AHstpq_e1Unizyqh52hyphenhyphenmINvvLShyphenhyphenagLkZkfah84V_W0qdGVg3W80SXWYi_J07qmaj5tyVAtUGJ1wDcyj7g/w640-h176/Screen+Shot+2021-08-11+at+21.33.58.png" width="640" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-family: times;"><br /></span></div><div><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-85060827682438390882021-09-29T04:51:00.002-07:002021-12-12T08:39:05.156-08:00Media ask Trump supporters: 'Do you believe Trump lied on Arizona election audit?'<p> <span face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #660099; font-size: 1.3em; letter-spacing: 0.02em;">"Trump lied on Arizona count"</span></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The very careful forensic audit of the 2020 US election found 360 more votes for Biden in Arizona's most populous county of Maricopa. The main TV and press media were jubilant and gave it wall-to-wall coverage. They ask:</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 40px;">1. Do you Trump supporters believe Trump's claim that he won? If so, why?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 40px;">2. If Trump lied about these matters, do you still believe the 2020 election was stolen?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 40px;">3. If you know he lied about the Arizona recount results, what does this imply about Trump's view of his supporters?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">I can't answer the first question because I am not an American nor do I vote. The other two questions assume Mr Trump lied when he said the Arizona audit showed he won the election. They are "When did you stop beating your wife" sorts of question.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/screen_shot_2021-09-28_at_20_23_40.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">What did the audit show? It found 360 more votes for Mr Biden. But it found massive fraud too. I checked DuckDuckGo and it is hard to find this. <a href="https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.com/2020/08/eu-must-act-how-google-fiddles-with.html">Google</a> I did not try; it hardly ever gives an accurate account of public opinion articles. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The story that the audit confirmed the Biden win was massively promoted by media to distract the expected outcome that was not going to be released until the next day. This is the Arizona session where the audit results were released. I watched a good bit of it.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZWTMuwy5CQ" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZWTMuwy5CQ</a></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sAAu6O33rNE" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sAAu6O33rNE</a></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">These are the facts. If you have a stack of $100 and you find $10 dollars more are you richer? Not if half the $100 and some of the $10 are then found to be counterfeit.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Mr Biden supposedly won Arizona by 10,457 votes. However four times that number are fraudulent or probably so. Dr Shiva of MIT found some people had voted twice, thrice or four times. Total extra votes: 17,322.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/screen_shot_2021-09-28_at_20_25_37.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><b>The audit report concludes: "57,734 serious issues were identified."</b></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">This is in line with other news that the corporate media refuse to report on: Chinese <a href="https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.com/2021/08/us-elections-how-big-cheat-was-done.html">cyber attack</a> of the supposedly off-line counting machines. Their censorship implies they are captured corporate media (CCM) at the service of both Chinese communists (CCP) and Big Business.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNEVrATz3PoJCfItieG_A-ovwBDnZdDYvXK2RqF5RYN9zmMVKinfrfA55sMEamgVukDQdCGgsC0Xurzs7Xt62Rs0_T3F-93Jfa-5xRNEYFtWY6ejqLy5_h_5vNlj8NYg42Alers97y9ruV/s976/US+election+pCaps+China+1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="595" data-original-width="976" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNEVrATz3PoJCfItieG_A-ovwBDnZdDYvXK2RqF5RYN9zmMVKinfrfA55sMEamgVukDQdCGgsC0Xurzs7Xt62Rs0_T3F-93Jfa-5xRNEYFtWY6ejqLy5_h_5vNlj8NYg42Alers97y9ruV/w510-h311/US+election+pCaps+China+1.png" width="510" /></a></div><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Serious interference was also found to the software of the Dominion counting machines in the Arizona audit. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">They were not supposed to be attached to internet and the count needed to be kept for 22 months by federal law. However, on three occasions a total of 9571 directories and 1,064,746 election-related files were deleted for Maricopa county alone. Successively 463, then 37,686 and 330 entries were overwritten just before audit. Screenshots are proof of this.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/screen_shot_2021-09-28_at_20_27_28.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Deleting electoral information is a federal criminal offence. The auditors say they have the screen shots to show the identity of the person/s involved.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/screen_shot_2021-09-28_at_20_32_46.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Yes 360 extra votes for Mr Biden were found but it that the real story?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The main issue is: are the main media acting responsibly? We shall see if and when the Arizona vote is de-certified and criminal prosecutions are undertaken as some of the Senators are requiring. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-85642124864048565902021-08-17T01:48:00.001-07:002021-08-17T01:48:17.550-07:00US Elections: How the Big Cheat was done<p> </p><h2 style="color: #660099; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 1.3em; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: normal;">Mike Lindell's Symposium on US Election cheating</h2><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">For those who haven't seen the three day symposium, 10-12 August, it is available still on <a href="http://lindelltv.com/" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">LindellTV.com</a> and <a href="http://frankspeech.com/" style="color: blue; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">FrankSpeech.com</a></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The areas of evidence of massive fraud involving multiple millions of votes include the following:</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><strong>1. Paper ballot fraud.</strong></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(a) uncertified ballots </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(b) extra ballots brought in by the truck-load</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(c) ballots counted when no observer was present.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"> </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><strong>2. Computer algorithms to hide extra, illegal ballots.</strong></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Physicist Dr Doug Frank presentation. He shows mathematically that fraud must have taken place because the same computer algorithm was used to fiddle vote counts. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/dr_doug_frank_shows_voters_outnumber_census_ohio.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">How were hundreds and thousands of votes assigned to dead people, false addresses, non-residents and out-of-State residents?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(a) <u>All</u> citizens were registered by computer tricks in some States as voters (normally only 50 to 70% register). Then all extra illegal votes can be assigned to people who did not vote so it looks as if all voting was by registered voters. To do this effectively, the fill-in had to use a model. The 2010 census was available and was used to populate the voters according to their age. This did not work well because:</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(b) the census was out of date. On examination, it had produced impossible results. These showed human interference.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(c) it resulted in more votes than people in several categories.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(d) a post-election canvas of the addresses showed that people did not live at the addresses, including parking lots and postal boxes.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(e) the fraud was apparent because the same model to an exact degree was used in all counties in each State. Just across the border a different algorithm was used implying people a few miles distant acted according to State-based rules. Also <i><b>impossible</b></i> without computer-based algorithm for fraud.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><strong>3. Computer counting machine traffic fraud.</strong></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(a) By law and sworn company testimony, ballot counting machines are supposed not to be connected to the internet. Evidence, both of the internals and internet traffic, show they had modems (made in Taiwan) and were connected. That is a criminal offense. The companies are refusing to obey sub poenas to submit the machines (bought by tax-payers money) for forensic examination. Why?</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/us_election_pcaps_vote_changes.png" style="width: 500px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">(b) The exact content of traffic can be captured in a process called packet capture, thus making a photograph of time and content of each internet message. Digital traffic is sent in packets containing the sender identifier, time, contents and destination identifier. A packet is typically between tens to a few thousand bytes. Each gives exact forensic proof of messaging. During the election period 37 Terabytes were captured. One Terabyte is 1,000,000,000,000 bytes. This pCap (packet capture) shows extensive interaction between voting centers and Chinese data centers. This voting manipulation shows that votes for Trump were reduced or changed to Biden votes.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/us_election_pcaps_china_2.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/us_election_pcaps_trump_votes_down.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><strong>4. Counting Machine crime</strong></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Besides illegally connecting the machines to the internet, companies have been shown directly to remove data stored on computer memories.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/dominion_batch_file.png" style="width: 450px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">A brave clerk from Mesa county, Colorado, Tina Peters, was unhappy when her Secretary of State said the State had authorized an update to the machine's software by what they ironically called 'Trusted Build'. She had an image of the computer memory taken before and after the intervention. This showed the company had quite illegally deleted the log files of data. The symposium cyber experts analyzed the batch file. This turned off the security and the encryption before deleting the essential records. It created two partitions that wiped out the data. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">This act was considered even more important for action than the pCaps because it showed clear interference with data that had, by federal law, to be retained intact for 22 months. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The major counting machine is owned by Chinese shareholders using a European company for cover.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/election_usa_2020_voting_machine_network.png" style="width: 550px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><strong>5. Further action.</strong></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The symposium was broadcast publicly but only State legislators, media, and computer cyber experts with a necessary level of qualifications could attend. All 50 States were represented. Legislators agreed that forensic examination of all the election results needed to be done, in both Democrat and Republican counties across the USA.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Results of a forensic audit of all votes from Maricopa country, Arizona, are expected to be released in the next few days. Others will follow. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Dr Shiva of MIT, whose own election was interfered with, showed the network of organizations used in media news suppression.</p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3images.classcreator.com/26506/002/7331064/us_election_info_control_system.png" style="width: 570px;" /></p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">The ballot counting machine firms have launched multi-Billion (yes billion) dollar cases against media such as FrankSpeech, NewsMax, OANN, Fox, and Mike Lindell, Mayor Giuliano, Sidney Powell personally and others to silence any investigation of their machines or the actions of their executives. This is one of the biggest freedom of speech cases in US history. </p><p style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">Have you heard about it?</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-57184347561072418622021-07-21T14:34:00.025-07:002021-08-02T06:10:18.637-07:00The EU flag flown at the Olympics would be THEFT!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU4zXoK4g41BMter9xzjGf2nep4x7OrWUbGXJL26kk7kNNi-bAYP6EfBjWY7rFO94TF8q609rJOjCicR04O2wfiaikitaF8An4lCSwTc7IDRyGabCKRrj-qmQdGzg487jxXOhvZ03Kf3LG/s1200/Coca+Cola+Berlaymont.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="670" data-original-width="1200" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU4zXoK4g41BMter9xzjGf2nep4x7OrWUbGXJL26kk7kNNi-bAYP6EfBjWY7rFO94TF8q609rJOjCicR04O2wfiaikitaF8An4lCSwTc7IDRyGabCKRrj-qmQdGzg487jxXOhvZ03Kf3LG/w400-h223/Coca+Cola+Berlaymont.png" width="400" /></a></div>Should athletes from EU Member States carry the European Union flag? <p></p><p>Let's be clear. There is no distinct EU flag. It is high time for Europe's leaders to be <b><i>honest</i></b> about its emblem, its flag. People rally around a flag where it has real and lasting meaning. </p><p>The flag of twelve-stars on an azure field is the flag of the Council of Europe. It is Europe's senior institution. The EU uses the flag as a <b><i>subsidiary</i></b> of the Council of Europe. </p><p>So it makes no sense for EU States to flourish the twelve-star flag, because it is primarily a symbol of the Council of Europe. It includes 47 States, not just the 27 of the EU. </p><p>Besides the EU States, the Flag represents:</p><p>Norway, Iceland, Turkey, Liechtenstein, San Marino, Moldova, Albania, Andorra, Switzerland, Ukraine, North Macedonia, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Monaco, Serbia, Montenegro and the United Kingdom.</p><p>Should the flag be waived every time one of these States wins at the Olympics? </p><p>The EU seems to be attempting to appropriate total use of the flag. It is an attempted act of pilfering, to use a polite term. It's a theft as much as using the logo of Coca Cola as the emblem of the European Commission. </p><p><b>Slow motion steal</b></p><p>The Council of Europe owns the flag. It encapsulates honest government and European values. Decades later, it first offered use of the flag with conditions to the European Communities. At first only the European Parliament took up the generous invitation. Other Community institutions then wanted to use it.</p><p>The story is a bit like a neighbour borrowing the lawnmower and then after a period of time the neighbour says the lawnmower belongs to me. </p><p>Put it another way. It is like the European Commission installing Coca Cola vending machines throughout the Berlaymont building. Then, when they became so prevalent, saying that the Commission owns the branding of the Coca Cola logo. </p><p>The EU, with its flagrant democratic deficit, seems to think that the 12-star flag is its own. But the question of ownership is even more legally dubious. The flag was offered to the European Communities, not the present EU, which is a different animal. </p><p>The European Council took over control and made the flag part of EU. But ironically, in the referendums on the Constitutional treaty that was rejected by France and the Netherlands, the flag was rejected too. Several other countries were set to reject the treaty but their referendums were withdrawn by the politicians. So the EU constitutionally does not have this flag. The people did not want it to represent the EU.</p><p>Then, even more ironically, the Constitutional Treaty was re-assembled from a jigsaw puzzle of articles and amendments and turned into the Lisbon Treaty. Did the Lisbon Treaty have an article defining the European flag and the anthem? </p><p>No. The article which was in the Constitutional Treaty was left out of the Lisbon Treaty! Why? Because the British objected that this made the EU appear to be a federal State, which obviously it wasn't.</p><p>There is no article in the Lisbon Treaty that says the Flag of the EU is that which is widely flown outside all EU buildings or inside government offices. The best politicians could come up with was a statement by 17 States, declaration 52, that was added later to the treaty. </p><p><b>Flag and Song</b></p><p>In 1986 at the invitation of the Council of Europe the European Communities were invited with conditions to use both the <i><b>flag</b></i> and the European <i><b>anthem</b></i>, Beethoven's '<i>Ode to Joy</i>' as arranged for it by Herbert von Karajan. This invitation was accepted by the European Council, which was not a Community institution. It was not even a body with a legal personality. That's like the neighbour of the neighbour saying the lawnmower is his. That seems like the EU's European Council is violating a fundamental right -- the right to own and retain property.</p><p>The Council of Europe was designed to safeguard human rights after the abuses of Nazism and Soviet communism. In short, unjust rule by a self-defined elite or ideology. </p><p>All Member States of the European Communities and the EU have to be members of the Council of Europe. They have to respect its Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The EU is in evident crisis with a democratic deficit, closed-door government, and a crying need to re-establish just and honest principles for the Future of Europe. It needs to review its origins.</p><p>On 5 May 1949 Robert Schuman said in a speech at the signature ceremony of the Council of Europe Statute in London that adherence to this legal system defines 'Europe' more than geography. </p><p>The lesson is that the EU must conform to the Human Rights of the Council of Europe. That is why all early treaties were discussed and passed in the Council of Europe. Schuman himself explained the institutions and the democratic mechanism of the European Community before the Assembly of the Council of Europe in August 1950. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ0E9xBgXtbby-vqEluM0A4yTnmlUTjXIjjSG1htksiCeDUs4DW27fVqfw11KGlL7krcg0jJVCDDdcIzwEiwNcfTzLSZcDyC2jEEyW_8_x-y1ETAYPup7HmYu69O98YWp7etM029X1fCZ8/s578/RS+before+CoE.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="498" data-original-width="578" height="345" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ0E9xBgXtbby-vqEluM0A4yTnmlUTjXIjjSG1htksiCeDUs4DW27fVqfw11KGlL7krcg0jJVCDDdcIzwEiwNcfTzLSZcDyC2jEEyW_8_x-y1ETAYPup7HmYu69O98YWp7etM029X1fCZ8/w400-h345/RS+before+CoE.png" width="400" /></a></div>The ultimate European Court is not the Court of the EU in Luxembourg but the Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg.<p></p><p>Who flies the flag? The flag belongs by invention, precedent and law to the Council of Europe. </p><p>The use of the European flag by the Brussels institutions is an act of recognition of being part of Europe based on Fundamental Freedoms. </p><p>These freedoms are recognized by States and their governments. They are not created by governments. Freedoms are given by God, not States. Citizens must be aware that Governments are primarily the entities that wish to curtail human freedoms by abuse of laws and regulations. Citizens need protection against the representatives of the citizens who believe they are better than citizens. The Council of Europe is the body that can do that. Certainly not the Lisbon Treaty's EU that was erected against the will of the people. That is an act of antipathy and hostility to elementary human rights.</p><p>States that stop fundamental freedoms can be suspended or even expelled from the Council of Europe. That was the case of Greece under the dictatorship of the colonels.</p><p>Among the Freedoms are: </p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Freedom of Speech,</li><li>Freedom of Assembly,</li><li>Freedom of religion,</li><li>Freedom to <u>own and enjoy possessions</u> etc.</li></ul><p></p><p><b>Secret Steal</b></p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnw6rXwxoxW0xi34DlGNS_gtZB3uxtqvYQFumSgEXrgn9gWzyPmLKGHHOGNwoXuZo9EuIdHeg-lpsmyyywk-tFucj8aANNBAWowsoxnQXLyOclqpb3I3qz1b0F037l5oQZcw1vr2bOehDp/s1168/Berlaymont+EU+Flags+.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="771" data-original-width="1168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnw6rXwxoxW0xi34DlGNS_gtZB3uxtqvYQFumSgEXrgn9gWzyPmLKGHHOGNwoXuZo9EuIdHeg-lpsmyyywk-tFucj8aANNBAWowsoxnQXLyOclqpb3I3qz1b0F037l5oQZcw1vr2bOehDp/s320/Berlaymont+EU+Flags+.png" width="320" /></a>Did the EU politicians secretly steal the design? The evidence is there for all to judge. </p><p>Power can corrupt. Politicians tend to accumulate powers against the people. They reduce or freeze the people's voice. It disturbs them. They might listen and then ignore voices crying out about injustice and requiring honest government.</p><p>Following a ruling by the Court of Justice, politicians were forced to hold European elections to the European Parliament in 1979. That was a quarter of a century after politicians had signed treaties that such elections should be held. Today no elections are afforded to the consultative committees. The Council of Ministers still holds sessions behind closed doors instead of open sessions as the treaties require.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj32kxmdyo9cYMYgh3D-zDo2DdTi8cDMBbnCU7FXQPi-zMVe0R2abdkThq0f4Z-nt1aAeP7biz_V1zNuy8052az3qcErOYuPelYnzvDkrQRCIw74Ksz_Dao6tTytjMMdsyGXCia3iNU6rLR/s473/RS+PLE+146+Charter+and+Elections.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="473" data-original-width="471" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj32kxmdyo9cYMYgh3D-zDo2DdTi8cDMBbnCU7FXQPi-zMVe0R2abdkThq0f4Z-nt1aAeP7biz_V1zNuy8052az3qcErOYuPelYnzvDkrQRCIw74Ksz_Dao6tTytjMMdsyGXCia3iNU6rLR/s320/RS+PLE+146+Charter+and+Elections.png" width="319" /></a></div><br /><p>Many people objected to the way the politicians had responded to the ruling on European elections. The treaty and the great Charter of the Community said that pan-European elections were necessary. Instead, the politicians followed only the first part of the sentence in the article in the treaties. They decided to hold national elections to the Parliament according to national rules they invented rather than one election with one statute. </p><p>In the 1980s politicians, aware of public disgust at lack of open councils, and proper European elections, decided to launch a public relations operation to try to fool the people. </p><p>At the meeting of the heads of State and Government at Dublin in December 1984, they called for a report on 'People's Europe'. Ironic indeed since they had denied elementary democracy to the people.</p><p>The <a href="https://penguincompaniontoeu.com/additional_entries/adonnino-committee/">Adonnino Report</a> came up with a number of measures. They were mostly of dubious legality as if the politicians could command various measures without the agreement of the people. Changes in sovereignty and constitutionality require the assent of the people. Instead the key feature was to provide a feeling of branding, and respond to what they considered to be a federal wish-list.</p><p>Prominent among these measures was the flag and the anthem. So what was the solution of the Adonnino panel? It made clear that the 12-star flag belonged to the Council of Europe. As a subset of this Human Rights Europe, the European Communities would have to indicate just that. So the committee suggested that a large letter E should be placed in the centre of the flag to show that dependency.</p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizQgZhyRbNeLNRZSeiN4xXsu6i_u_GZIJm_dioz1y7RgUpjShA1X2wCbYEpqrXwB08FzgQNkeUcEBJnoJU08RlNOdAsPYerMQNw96KtrzCTjx5sp5YoR5qHGUHq-GW-XF7hjBKrCgfBaWr/s150/Flag_of_Europe_Adonnino_proposal.png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizQgZhyRbNeLNRZSeiN4xXsu6i_u_GZIJm_dioz1y7RgUpjShA1X2wCbYEpqrXwB08FzgQNkeUcEBJnoJU08RlNOdAsPYerMQNw96KtrzCTjx5sp5YoR5qHGUHq-GW-XF7hjBKrCgfBaWr/s0/Flag_of_Europe_Adonnino_proposal.png" /></a></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNLuOxzekWrRiLYrRlXtjsEyAxwk_P1vEmq_uzyrCmdVNdRNrijor_t85lu_zey5kOKCECEo5EhwDwh0kxgTi_4Oey8LhK6ojy0b-QY3IgtrQ7jAIT69-JrrrFh6teKIm9kDDvp91IDe07/s670/Eur+Flag+Adonnino+report+.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="670" data-original-width="658" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNLuOxzekWrRiLYrRlXtjsEyAxwk_P1vEmq_uzyrCmdVNdRNrijor_t85lu_zey5kOKCECEo5EhwDwh0kxgTi_4Oey8LhK6ojy0b-QY3IgtrQ7jAIT69-JrrrFh6teKIm9kDDvp91IDe07/w393-h400/Eur+Flag+Adonnino+report+.png" width="393" /></a></div><br /><b> Brand theft</b><div><span style="text-align: center;">So how did the EU get the same flag as that of the Council of Europe? </span><div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">What is more legitimate in choosing symbols of sovereignty: </div><div style="text-align: left;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><ul><ul><ul><li>a referendum of the people or </li><li>a secret meeting?</li></ul></ul></ul></ul></div><div style="text-align: left;">Guess which system was used to decide on the flag?</div><div style="text-align: left;">Yes, the flag was decided at a closed door meeting of the Heads of State and Government at Milan in June 1985. It excluded the public and discussed the matter in private. </div><div style="text-align: left;">What happened? Some like the British were against creating a flag with implications of sovereignty and without formal agreement of the people. </div><div style="text-align: left;">So a compromise was reached. The meeting decided that that they would create a '<i>logo</i>' not a flag. </div><div style="text-align: left;">And quite impudently also decided they would remove the E from the centre. It was then exactly the same as the flag of the Council of Europe! Why?</div><div style="text-align: left;">So what happened to the use of the logo of twelve stars? It did not last long. </div><div style="text-align: left;">Within a mere few months it changed from a flag with an E, to a logo without an E, to a flag without an E.</div><div style="text-align: left;">On 26 May 1986, the twelve stars were officially raised as a flag outside the HQ building of the European Commission.</div><div style="text-align: left;">This is an audacious act of brand-stealing. If it were a question of a firm taking the design of a can of Heinz beans or producing something called Coca Cola they would be taken to Court. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguo983RZ6cP_qW0cqc9JJjhv1bZP7fm7YuXu1Lqyy0Etgsq11hNngaWHr0drGV9zA3EGUA3OJzG-X7CQkXPfjXICNMK2FdgDLkPK0zLDfOJ1E1lrxPI8TGoxj3aS04z_OX58pQ9PLD9Eqt/s796/Coca+Cola+Flag.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="506" data-original-width="796" height="127" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguo983RZ6cP_qW0cqc9JJjhv1bZP7fm7YuXu1Lqyy0Etgsq11hNngaWHr0drGV9zA3EGUA3OJzG-X7CQkXPfjXICNMK2FdgDLkPK0zLDfOJ1E1lrxPI8TGoxj3aS04z_OX58pQ9PLD9Eqt/w200-h127/Coca+Cola+Flag.png" width="200" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: left;">It is brand theft. </div><div style="text-align: left;">The secret meeting of the European politicians feels that it can steal with impunity. </div><div><p><b>Origin of the Flag</b></p><p>The <a href="https://rm.coe.int/16804efecd" target="_blank">European flag was adopted</a> by the Committee of Ministers on 9 December 1955 following a resolution in the Assembly:</p><blockquote class="templatequote" style="background-color: white; border-left: none; color: #202122; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 40px;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 0.5em;">Against the blue sky of the Western world, the stars symbolise the peoples of Europe in a form of a circle, a sign of union. Their number is invariably <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_(number)#Religion" style="background: none; color: #0645ad; text-decoration-line: none;" title="12 (number)">twelve</a>, the figure twelve being the symbol of perfection and entirety.</p><div class="templatequotecite" style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-left: 1.6em;">— <cite style="font-style: inherit;">Council of Europe. Paris, 7–9 December 1955.</cite></div></blockquote><p>In fact the question of creating a flag had been raised at the start of Europe's great institution that defines Europe as the zone of free speech and human rights. The Council started its work in August 1949 with 12 signatory States: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, UK (the ten signatories of the Statute on 5 May 1949) and two States that signed before the first session: Greece and Turkey and then in1950 from opposite end of Europe: Iceland.</p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdeJkPz60ck-UvMYhGUaAAYuqYNi0MbEf7fdl_uLJa_EDVCMkEhWM2XTPAijtfZ4KTqHyfS1KgTY_CvM0rI1sc72kpRp5S4HyCESOPl9BjPusi73pPe9EL6cLzkIeLBSxe316pbeAqoQDJ/s1011/RS+signs+CoE+Statute+5+May+1949.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1011" height="511" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdeJkPz60ck-UvMYhGUaAAYuqYNi0MbEf7fdl_uLJa_EDVCMkEhWM2XTPAijtfZ4KTqHyfS1KgTY_CvM0rI1sc72kpRp5S4HyCESOPl9BjPusi73pPe9EL6cLzkIeLBSxe316pbeAqoQDJ/w673-h511/RS+signs+CoE+Statute+5+May+1949.jpg" width="673" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman signs Statute of Council of Europe at <br />St James's Palace, London, 5 May 1949.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnQx2p0V02R7rfxD5whmP5WdG8q619UYY89SpoSLk14B7uUML4cJzK3T1uXIw6k5x311oDgw4a5hvbfmb1x-RxYvFaY5cUqcjVAxXyQ8RYuWHkUXp55f0AWaGOf0WmnRiLOQq0BpCpBw9D/s1200/1200px-Council_of_Europe_flag_1953.svg.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnQx2p0V02R7rfxD5whmP5WdG8q619UYY89SpoSLk14B7uUML4cJzK3T1uXIw6k5x311oDgw4a5hvbfmb1x-RxYvFaY5cUqcjVAxXyQ8RYuWHkUXp55f0AWaGOf0WmnRiLOQq0BpCpBw9D/s320/1200px-Council_of_Europe_flag_1953.svg.png" width="320" /></a></div>Proposed designs came from across Europe and far beyond. (One, with a single gold star on a blue background, came from a European named C W Raymon in Japan but this design was already in use.) <p></p><p>The Council's Director of Information, <a href="https://www.coe.int/en/web/about-us/the-european-flag?p_p_id=2_WAR_kaleodesignerportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0">Paul Levy</a>, a Belgian, was in charge of the project, and liked the basic design. In September 1953, the Assembly proposed 15 stars (then the number of States). French deputy Robert Bichet was rapporteur. But the Germans in the Council of Ministers refused. Among the 15 was the Saar, a disputed territory. The Saar objected to being cut out. </p><p>What about thirteen stars? Twelve stars in a circle with a large star in the centre? That was rejected as many did not like thirteen. </p><p>The Secretary General Leon Marchal suggested just 12 stars. Levy was charged to provide reasons to support it. He replied: </p><p><i></i></p><blockquote><i>'Twelve is the sign of perfection and fullness. There were twelve tables of law in Rome; there are twelve apostles; there are twelve sons of Jacob; twelve months of the year; and twelve hours in the day; ... twelve signs of the zodiac represent the entire universe, so why shouldn't twelve stars represent Europe of both sides of the Iron Curtain and both sides of the Pyrenees?'</i></blockquote><p></p><p>Leon Marchal drew the case of the twelve stars surrounding the woman of Revelation 12, which biblically represent the twelve tribes of Israel (as distinct to Roman Catholic views). Levy drew up details of the design for public use. Levy must therefore be considered the designer of the flag. </p><p>Was the flag a Marian or Catholic symbol? Not according to Levy who was at the origin of the design. It was Levy who drew that exact specifications of the flag. Levy was a Holocaust survivor. Marchal was also keen to have a politically neutral emblem. A religious symbol would not have passed the Assembly and the Committee of Ministers.</p><p>The Assembly's adoption of the flag on 8 December 1955, a 'Marian' date, was a '<i>political accident</i>.' (<i>Sauver l'Europe</i>, pp163-8, published 1978.) The Marian idea was a later unsubstantiated fiction. The final decision was made on 9 December by the <a href="https://rm.coe.int/16804efecd">Committee of Ministers</a>. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyh-i7aaYWUXEZKede4oqWqS6ioTzciCzxT1TLmRbgGR1g-U0FyuhAIsXvCgLPuKwdsm16RzHQJfw4zZctfuxregU3VoAmF21eyszD6MVZADuh4RQPASgK_bC5WCVBwrt1FJ_2a-AghNYK/s459/CoE+Eur+Flag+Committee+of+Ministers+9+Dec+1955.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="459" data-original-width="402" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyh-i7aaYWUXEZKede4oqWqS6ioTzciCzxT1TLmRbgGR1g-U0FyuhAIsXvCgLPuKwdsm16RzHQJfw4zZctfuxregU3VoAmF21eyszD6MVZADuh4RQPASgK_bC5WCVBwrt1FJ_2a-AghNYK/w350-h400/CoE+Eur+Flag+Committee+of+Ministers+9+Dec+1955.png" width="350" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Meanwhile, officials at the European Coal and Steel Community had created their own flag. It was a not very aesthetic design. It had six stars in two rows of three but on a field divided horizontally between blue (steel) and black (coal). </p><p>Robert Schuman much preferred the Levy design. Then some decades later, in 1983 the European Parliament decided to take the flag as its emblem. The European Communities as a whole then decided they would also do the same.</p><p>For Schuman the synergy that was in the original proposition between the Council of Europe and the Community reinforced the necessity of unity: the Council of Europe was and is the human rights guarantor of the proper working of the Community.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> </p><p>The lesson of the European Flag is that all European institutions must come under the judgement of the European Court of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and democratic supervision of the institutions of the Council of Europe. That includes respect for property rights.</p><p>The EU leaders will only properly guide Europe to her destiny when they are honest with themselves. </p><p><br /></p></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-23387892152217036712021-07-15T09:13:00.000-07:002021-07-15T09:13:08.750-07:00Reply to Commission President von der Leyen on unpublished Democracy Treaty<p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">In recent days the European Commission has initiated major changes to the European political architecture. The EU has renounced the need for budgetary independence ('balancing the budget') and is becoming willingly subservient to international financial debt markets for the foreseeable future. It is in the process of re-engineering the entire economy on the basis of a 'Green Deal' that has enormous implications for every man, woman and child in Europe. </span></p><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrTpqQz-U_Glh_QsV09YcwV_k2ms9KxWYPQYxza5b4kNsRMi0JrsfbWOGLr33Ljy-LET-tUwKLdnlX9tnqywrn5Zl3nbLtzerpDpyShlqDx-B8Oc0bpfBEA5yx_FljRwdp8nQy7sIKliWN/s1111/vdLeyen+launches+Green+Deal+July+21.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="748" data-original-width="1111" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrTpqQz-U_Glh_QsV09YcwV_k2ms9KxWYPQYxza5b4kNsRMi0JrsfbWOGLr33Ljy-LET-tUwKLdnlX9tnqywrn5Zl3nbLtzerpDpyShlqDx-B8Oc0bpfBEA5yx_FljRwdp8nQy7sIKliWN/w469-h315/vdLeyen+launches+Green+Deal+July+21.png" width="469" /></a></div><br />Are citizens and industries in the deal and in agreement with it? Have they ever been able to discuss this in its integrality, in-depth or in detail? Will it hinder and hamstring Europe's economy while China powers ahead with its coal-fired industries? Why are Europeans paying twice the price for energy compared with the USA? </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">The European Commission says it is open to criticism and improvement of these gigantic plans and changes. But is it? Can the people of Europe have any influence on these and other policies? The European Council sets guidelines and plans behind closed doors. Why? The Lisbon Treaty (TFEU art 15) says the councils should be as open to the public as the Parliament. The European Commission, more and more, acts as the secretariat for an oligarchy, off-limits to observation. </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Does the EU listen to the people? Does it listen to small and medium industries? Does it respond to requests to cut spending? </div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Judge for yourself!</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">What is the record? The European Commission has refused for seventy years to publish the treaty on how democracy should work in the European system. The principles are outlined in a treaty that its founder, Robert Schuman, called the Charter of the Community (<i>Pour l'Europe</i>, p146). It was signed by the Founding Fathers, plenipotentiary ministers of the six founding States at Paris on 18 April 1951. The name reflects the Magna Carta that formed the basis for democracy not only in Britain but in the United States of America and elsewhere.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">If the European Commission was listening to the people it would have long published this treaty both on its website and in the <i>Official Journal</i>.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">It has refused.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">In April I wrote to President Ursula von der Leyen about this. I received a reply from an official. I enclose my reply to this and the official's letter.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Feel free to publish these letters. I appreciate your support in the cause of press freedom and proper accountability for European institutions that are supposed to be democratic.</div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /></div><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />Following is the Commission's letter and my letter to President von der Leyen </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0dVtuWNxMI-BFvXs_86PzWZu6Q84rzj4LS66kwY4JcJ5351VD-cZ_WQ1GIKtojtpJbggjtjKQPJ8Jvmx6ytllqYQj9wyY5sAdF658uhF32a-VHTs1r4-tD0XZfKn0daUArQevbLVG1hUz/s959/vdLeyen+Barua+reply+Future+of+Europe+%25281%2529+%25281%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="656" data-original-width="959" height="466" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0dVtuWNxMI-BFvXs_86PzWZu6Q84rzj4LS66kwY4JcJ5351VD-cZ_WQ1GIKtojtpJbggjtjKQPJ8Jvmx6ytllqYQj9wyY5sAdF658uhF32a-VHTs1r4-tD0XZfKn0daUArQevbLVG1hUz/w683-h466/vdLeyen+Barua+reply+Future+of+Europe+%25281%2529+%25281%2529.png" width="683" /></a></div><br /><div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /><br /><div class="gmail_quote"><div class="gmail_attr" dir="ltr"><br />From: <strong class="gmail_sendername" dir="auto">David Heilbron Price</strong> <span dir="auto"><<a href="mailto:davidheilbronprice@gmail.com" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">davidheilbronprice@<wbr></wbr>gmail.com</a>></span><br />Date: Wed, Jul 14, 2021 at 9:42 PM<br />Subject: My letter of 9 April on the Schuman Declaration and the Charter of the Community<br /></div><div class="gmail_attr" dir="ltr"><br /></div><div class="gmail_attr" dir="ltr"><br /></div><div dir="ltr"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Your ref: Ares (2021) 2498475</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> Schuman Project</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> David Heilbron Price, Editor </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">President Ursula von der Leyen</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">European Commission</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-GB">14 July 2021</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Dear Madame President,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">I am in receipt of the attached letter of 1 July from Dimitri Barua (Assistant to the Director General, Communications) in reply </span>to my letter of 9 April<span style="font-size: 12pt;">, for which I thank you. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Unfortunately it did not resolve or even deal with the matters I raised: the official publication of the full Schuman Declaration text (not the Proposal) and, above all, the Charter of the Community.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">These documents, one a governmental Declaration at the origin of European integration and the other a Treaty, are not of mere academic interest but involve the legal basis and in fact the constitutional foundation of Europe and its future. The non-publication of these legal instruments has already led to lost opportunities for prosperity and losses of European funds amounting to millions and, in the case of Brexit, billions of euros. It is not a matter of personal ‘passionate interest’ but acknowledging the legality of documents agreed to and signed by the Founding Governments.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">I was glad to see the text of the Treaty of Paris on the Coal and Steel Community has been linked to the platform of the Conference on the Future of Europe. This Treaty was long published in the <i>Official Journal</i> and formed the basis for actions in the European Court. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">However, the ‘<i>Schuman Declaration’ </i>is mislabelled. The French Government of Georges Bidault decided on a <u>Proposal</u> after Cabinet discussions on 3 and 9 May 1950 (<i>Pour l’Europe</i>, p165). This is called the Schuman Proposal. Then later on 9 May Foreign Minister Schuman made a Declaration to the public – the <u>Schuman Declaration</u>. This includes his one-page <u>introduction</u>, declaring that the proposal marks the birth of Europe and explaining its worldwide mission of peace.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">The Schuman Declaration has legal authority and should be published in the <i>Official Journal</i> too. It describes the profound implications of the initiative on a</span></p><p style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Historical basis (It would bring peace for the first time in several millennia),</span></p><p style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Geographical: (it was open to all countries including those in the Soviet sphere),</span></p><p style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Economical: it would bring prosperity as never seen before,</span></p><p style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Strategic: it announced the creation of Europe as a new entity in world politics,</span></p><p style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 36pt;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB">Geopolitical: including its mission to Africa and other trouble spots in need of peace.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 18pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">As for this unpublished first page introduction, I am quite a little puzzled why the Commission made recourse to the 'Robert Schuman Foundation'. The Robert Schuman Foundation is not a depository organisation competent to find the full text of the Schuman Declaration. It makes the same mistake as the Commission. This text can be found at the Centre Robert Schuman at <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.centre-robert-schuman.org/robert-schuman/la-declaration-du-9-mai-1950?langue%3Dfr&source=gmail&ust=1626444156417000&usg=AFQjCNGslg97PhVLAi1CSAn46lYbS-rN1g" href="http://www.centre-robert-schuman.org/robert-schuman/la-declaration-du-9-mai-1950?langue=fr" style="color: blue;" target="_blank">http://www.centre-robert-<wbr></wbr>schuman.org/robert-schuman/la-<wbr></wbr>declaration-du-9-mai-1950?<wbr></wbr>langue=fr</a> and elsewhere. The full text is reproduced in facsimile in the book of the Jean Monnet Foundation, ‘<i>Un changement d’esperance’</i>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><u><span lang="EN-GB">Two treaties</span></u><span lang="EN-GB"> were signed by Governments on 18 April 1951 in Paris, the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty and the Charter of the Community. The <u>originals</u> of these documents relating to the democratic foundation of Europe can only be found at the French Foreign Ministry, as I mentioned earlier, and as the <u>Treaty of Paris</u> declares in its article 100.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Even more importantly, the original of the other signed treaty, the <u>Charter of the Community</u> (<i>Pour l’Europe,</i> p146) is also archived at the French Foreign Ministry. I included html copies of this major, foundational stone of European democracy that I received from the French Minister for European Affairs, Bernard Cazeneuve. It has been on my website, <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=http://schuman.info/&source=gmail&ust=1626444156417000&usg=AFQjCNFy6XAsqO1A57ibkudlOqj3y-jocw" href="http://schuman.info/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">schuman.info</a> , for a number of years. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Despite my bringing it to the attention of the European Commission a number of times and underlining its importance, it has still not been published by the European Commission on its website or published in the <i>Official Journal</i>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">I should inform you that a complaint (number 202101229) has now been introduced with the European Ombudsman about the reluctance of the Commission to publish these key legal documents that are vital for lawyers, politicians, the press and the general public.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Madame President, the European Commission as Guardian of the Treaties should have officially published these legal documents during the last seventy years. The course of European history would have greatly benefited. For whatever reason they haven’t. But that is no reason why they should not be published now when the need is great.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">I look forward to hearing from the Commission about their immediate publication.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">With my thanks,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Yours sincerely,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">David H Price</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Schuman Project</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB">Schuman.info</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p></div></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-46650082705517444632021-04-22T13:25:00.002-07:002021-06-16T15:04:36.587-07:00EU leaders pledge to publish Founding Fathers' Democracy Documents, for the first time in 70 years!<p><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Wow! </span></p><p><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">For the first time in more than half a century our democratic leaders have promised to publish the documents that reveal how Europeans got their democracy. They show how and why Europeans did not fight another war amongst themselves after WW2. In the course of two millennia Europeans would normally have fought a couple of wars in this last three-quarters of a century.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Now the public should get to know how that carnage was stopped. Thank you politicians! A little late but still welcome.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Emerging victorious from the world war with Hitler’s Nazism and facing a Cold War stand-off with Stalin’s Marxist Socialism, the Founding Fathers of Europe left no doubt about how to build Europe in peace. They wanted a secure democracy, not autocracy.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbAQxgLWOiGhuNH4gkGpkWU2gz0uCZndbVsSsHaAMk-p1DO9n1uY5mvPfCXTCDce08uZiPWnIv2f2Jq0VvPAac6o-RNoqpplICGPHLVfwUSbyd8yd6ZQOUtl1BSPb_rR2o6ogKxXqnDynF/s300/paris-treaty-v2-300x172.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="172" data-original-width="300" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbAQxgLWOiGhuNH4gkGpkWU2gz0uCZndbVsSsHaAMk-p1DO9n1uY5mvPfCXTCDce08uZiPWnIv2f2Jq0VvPAac6o-RNoqpplICGPHLVfwUSbyd8yd6ZQOUtl1BSPb_rR2o6ogKxXqnDynF/w468-h268/paris-treaty-v2-300x172.jpg" width="468" /></a></div><br /><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Documents on how Europeans should develop their democracy were signed and sealed 70 years ago. These are perhaps the most important documents of modern times.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Astoundingly the European institutions have NEVER published some of these vital documents.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Now they will be!</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The question of the public’s right to know what the Founding Fathers said about Democracy was raised before leaders of the European Commission, Council and Parliament. The date? The day after the 70<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">th</span> anniversary of the signature of the Founding document initiating the European Community on 18 April 1951. That major anniversary, by any account the key date in European history, was almost entirely forgotten and not celebrated by the politicians.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8zu8JU88Dv8Sb9ACanWUZ7u1FkBbUtyU8O3k6On2yWCDuupfSuYbBS3xIV562P3-rS7pEFlUNA44Iz2epia9y53KtmFi9tpXvCfNeIzE3c3wQy0bCFR9S-26OsSQ_zeIDhDr5wCDkWRy-/s1024/Conf+on+Future+of+Europe+19Ap21.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="578" data-original-width="1024" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8zu8JU88Dv8Sb9ACanWUZ7u1FkBbUtyU8O3k6On2yWCDuupfSuYbBS3xIV562P3-rS7pEFlUNA44Iz2epia9y53KtmFi9tpXvCfNeIzE3c3wQy0bCFR9S-26OsSQ_zeIDhDr5wCDkWRy-/w400-h226/Conf+on+Future+of+Europe+19Ap21.png" width="400" /></a></div><br />As if by accident, some politicians held a press conference right after the date that allowed them to meet in peace in Brussels.<p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">On 19 April 2021, leaders from three of the <a href="https://schuman.info/supra5.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">five originating institutions</a> spoke about a Conference on the Future of Europe. The question was put baldly about the long, long cover-up.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Success! They all pledged that they would publish these documents… and more. Guy Verhofstadt of the Parliament, Dubrovka Šuica of the European Commission and Ana Paula Zacarias, Portuguese Secretary of State representing the Council were launching a multi-lingual platform so that citizens could debate the Future of Europe. A major conference will open on 9 May. They also said that they would publish – for the first time – the full text of the <a href="https://schuman.info/9May1950.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman Declaratio</em>n</a> of 9 May 1950.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggIh7QQwoBvDT_jGZF7FS2jLXR4U4kOocVhCF5mukGjUcXT2yfcpkHDYfB5c1tADLsZH5-YmyaBgiR5qMIjYTK5HFPJ6_TJlVb_oRR-cmXHZQEKkS58QxYeT8lDeRlUcM5vST4n2kCjVbM/s2048/Schuman+Declaration+p1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1411" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggIh7QQwoBvDT_jGZF7FS2jLXR4U4kOocVhCF5mukGjUcXT2yfcpkHDYfB5c1tADLsZH5-YmyaBgiR5qMIjYTK5HFPJ6_TJlVb_oRR-cmXHZQEKkS58QxYeT8lDeRlUcM5vST4n2kCjVbM/w440-h640/Schuman+Declaration+p1.jpg" width="440" /></a></div><br />That too has never been published. Instead the European Commission has published a shorter document called the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman Proposal</em> and misleadingly called it the Schuman Declaration.<p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Proposal</em> is the legal instrument of the French government, agreed in Cabinet, that invited the other countries of Europe to join together to form a European Community of Coal and Steel. It made clear they would go to war no more.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Declaration</em> is the speech of Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister, to the world’s press that includes this proposal but also describes exactly how momentous and unprecedented this move is in European history. It describes the breadth of the action to be undertaken.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Following this Declaration, six countries sent their best experts in law, government and economics to design a <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">treaty</em> to implement the Proposal. That massive work, changing the destiny of Europe forever, was completed in a remarkably short period of less than a year.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">On 18 April 1951, six foreign ministers with plenipotentiary power of their governments signed not one but two documents.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The first was the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Treaty of Paris</em> that encapsulated the legal provisions of the European Community and described the five institutions that would manage it, democratically, economically and legally.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The second document is of even more lasting importance. Schuman called it the <a href="https://schuman.info/EuropeDeclaration.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Charter of the Community</em></a>, reflecting the eternal principles of human freedom of the British <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Magna Carta</em>. It has been called the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Declaration of Inter-Dependence</em>, reflecting the founding American Declaration of Independence that defined separation from British tyrannical (non-democratic) rule from afar.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The European Community <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Declaration</em> describes the principles by which democratic nations should join together in a Community. It also describes which nations are unfit to join a democratic grouping of fully working democracies. The Founding Fathers had in mind the fraudulent ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">People’s Democracies</em>’ of the Soviet bloc that did not allow freedom of assembly and thought or the freedom of religion. They also wished to exclude, for the moment until changes were made, Spain and Portugal then under dictatorships.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxUwYWtDgLVa74tWIEr-Pe2WnLXUOiKbB-jfUPmTroJIVRWt-2CveJomeR_nGnlF1LGmWV0FDiojomVS1B6hsFjSBUCwTyw048yXefEM3GgdDhAqv1SlEiccQElxlDwVE5xqU3eCqiosfL/s851/Eur+Charter+1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="851" data-original-width="598" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxUwYWtDgLVa74tWIEr-Pe2WnLXUOiKbB-jfUPmTroJIVRWt-2CveJomeR_nGnlF1LGmWV0FDiojomVS1B6hsFjSBUCwTyw048yXefEM3GgdDhAqv1SlEiccQElxlDwVE5xqU3eCqiosfL/w450-h640/Eur+Charter+1.gif" width="450" /></a></div><br /><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">All these historical documents will be soon available for the public, the press, academics and politicians. The representatives of the three institutions, Council, Commission and Parliament, were also asked to provide a full analysis of how the Founding Fathers’ concepts of European democracy compares with the system we have today.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The original system described how <a href="https://schuman.info/election1.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Parliamentary elections</a> should take place under a single statute across all Member States at once.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Elections should also be held in the <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2016/04/21/eci-1-eus-citizens-initiative-a-useless-counterfeit-for-real-consultative-committees/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Consultative Committee</a> representing organised civil society. Today two consultative committees, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions do not hold elections. Their membership is decided behind the closed doors of the Council. Organised civil society – enterprises, trades unions, consumers in their respective European associations – would have decisive powers in creating European legislation. A fully active Committee of the Regions might have avoided the economic and political disaster of Brexit.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The <a href="https://schuman.info/ComHonest.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Commission</a> was originally decided by the Member States after each State had nominated a candidate that they considered to be the most impartial and experienced person available. The other States and the public were able to criticise and eliminate any candidate that they thought was beholden to a lobby, an interest group or a political party.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">While the <a href="https://schuman.info/proppurp.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">original treaty</a> was passed with the full consent of the European people, under the watchful eye of the Council of Europe and its Convention of Human Rights, that has not always been the case of the treaties that followed. As Mr Verhofstadt pointed out, the Constitutional Treaty and the present <a href="https://schuman.info/Lisbon1.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Lisbon Treaty</a> were both rejected in popular referendums in a number of countries.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">With the Founding Fathers’ original documents at hand on how to build European Democracy on a solid footing, the debate on the Future of Europe should be able to have an in-depth debate about how Europeans wish to govern themselves.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The full text of the Schuman Declaration is at <a href="http://schuman.info/9May1950.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">https://schuman.info/9May1950.htm</a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The full text of the Declaration of Interdependence / European Charter is at <a href="https://schuman.info/EuropeDeclaration.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #00526e; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;">https://schuman.info/EuropeDeclaration.htm</a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-70502134514533784422021-04-14T13:16:00.004-07:002021-06-16T15:29:19.540-07:00Open Letter to President von der Leyen on Europe's Democratic Future<p> </p><div class="content-header" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 21px;">Open Letter to President von der Leyen on Europe’s Democratic Future</h2><p class="pull-right content-date" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: right; font-size: small; margin: 7px 0px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">14, April, 2021</em></p></div><div class="content-content content-single" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: right; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-top: 10px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV3eo5ssEwYIX2RLia40J_fyxIMhgO8ktitdsHAUp4pnPXahHN3Ej9q3Q4HY6ynL9qf9YFvdNVJs8Ur_oO5TAaj6YUpZEKgSrUdrF3XUKj9dMr0RDmrSU8np0nsQ9K6cLS009HPy295coC/s300/Ursula-von-der-Leyen-10-Sept-19-300x165.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="165" data-original-width="300" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV3eo5ssEwYIX2RLia40J_fyxIMhgO8ktitdsHAUp4pnPXahHN3Ej9q3Q4HY6ynL9qf9YFvdNVJs8Ur_oO5TAaj6YUpZEKgSrUdrF3XUKj9dMr0RDmrSU8np0nsQ9K6cLS009HPy295coC/w640-h352/Ursula-von-der-Leyen-10-Sept-19-300x165.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2019/09/22/the-dictated-democracy-of-the-von-der-leyen-commission/ursula-von-der-leyen-10-sept-19/" rel="attachment wp-att-8278" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><br /></a><p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman Project</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: center;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">schuman.info</em></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">David H Price</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Editor</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: right;">9 April 2021</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Dear President von der Leyen,</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It is 70 years since the signature on 18 April 1951 of Europe’s founding document for peace, the Treaty of Paris. This created the European Community. It changed the destiny of Europeans who had gone to war every generation for more than two thousand years.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">As the European Commission and the other institutions ponder the Future of post-‘Brexit’ Europe in the Conference to be opened on 9 May, I have one request to the leaders, the media and the public.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It is necessary to recall the founding principles of that peace and prosperity. This is not hidden. It is not something that can be changed by our generation. It was written in a document, signed by the plenipotentiary representatives of the Six founding States: France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">What seems shocking to me is that the European Commission and the other institutions have not published this document. Schuman, a life-long student of democracy, called this the ‘<u style="box-sizing: border-box;">Charter of the Community</u>’ (<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Pour l’Europe</em>, p146). It describes the Community method and the democratic principles that Europe must build on, in the same way as the United States applied the same eternal laws of human nature and worldly politics.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Schuman’s use of the term ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Charter</em>’ reflects that of the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Magna Carta</em> as a foundational document for British democracy. It distinguishes democratic Europe from the fraudulent ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">People’s Democracies</em>’ of the Soviet eastern bloc. It is the <u style="box-sizing: border-box;">litmus test of true democracy</u>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">About a decade ago I spoke to the French Minister for Europe about publishing this ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Charter’</em>. He kindly supplied me with a copy from the French Archives. It was published on my website, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">schuman.info</em> in 2012.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Although I pointed out this remarkable and important document to the Commission President at the time, the full text of the Schuman Declaration and the Charter of the Community has still not been published on the Commission’s own website. The lack of full information about the beginnings of European democracy is a disservice both to the general public, academics, the press and political leaders.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Secondly, while the European Commission has published the ‘full text’ of the Schuman Proposal, a governmental instrument, it has not published the text of his oral <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box;">Declaration</u></em>. The Commission website confuses the two: the governmental Proposal is aimed at other governments. The Schuman Declaration includes the explanation of the Minister of Foreign Affairs. The Declaration includes far-reaching clarification of the original proposal agreed by the French Cabinet and signalled simultaneously to other European States via French diplomats or Schuman’s meetings with ambassadors and parliament in Paris on 9 May 1950.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It would be fitting that the foundational documents should be fully published on official websites and recorded in the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Official Journal</em>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Madame President, I am therefore requesting that these historic texts about the Future of Europe be published before the opening of the Conference on Europe on 9 May this year.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Thanking you in advance for your attention to this matter, I remain,</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Yours sincerely,</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">David Heilbron Price</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Annexes</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">1.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">On 18 April 1951 the great Charter of Europe, as Schuman called it, was signed by all the representatives of the six founding Member State Governments. It was then placed in the archives of the French Foreign Ministry at the Quai d’Orsay.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It is the pledge of European Governments that all European Community future Treaties founding new Community organizations, all Acts and Laws arising from them would follow certain principles. This included such things as <b style="box-sizing: border-box;">supranational values</b>, like honesty, justice and truth. It pledged that all citizens would have to give full <b style="box-sizing: border-box;">democratic</b> agreement to any developments.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">After being hidden in the archives of the Quai d’Orsay for sixty years, ignored and kept secret from the public by politicians, this Foundational Declaration was released by the French Government, following a request by the Schuman Project.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2012/11/07/supra2-after-60-years-france-releases-europes-foundational-charter-of-supranational-democracy/eur-charter4-2/" rel="attachment wp-att-9101" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-9101" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1-300x287.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1-300x287.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1-502x480.jpg 502w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1.jpg 679w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" /></a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJQGPda_d7R2EHG7E3YvJW4g6xrW1uTHzV70BivlLipMx0QzlR4O1eIGJb9W9fcAyvwqagQoR_UY4tkQVpQYbqmueJEuLYBdNptHxMtJhEFL0bMBF__aMGMMjCwrLQqgc4ZuxFqY3fjccS/s851/Eur+Charter+1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="851" data-original-width="598" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJQGPda_d7R2EHG7E3YvJW4g6xrW1uTHzV70BivlLipMx0QzlR4O1eIGJb9W9fcAyvwqagQoR_UY4tkQVpQYbqmueJEuLYBdNptHxMtJhEFL0bMBF__aMGMMjCwrLQqgc4ZuxFqY3fjccS/w450-h640/Eur+Charter+1.gif" width="450" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Charter of the Community</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Declaration of Inter-dependence Charter of the Community</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Déclaration de l’Europe </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Paris le 18 avril 1951</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;">CHARTE DE LA COMMUNAUTE</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;">(Pour l’Europe, p146)</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Statue Foundatrice de l’ Europe</em></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-left: 30px; text-align: center;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">basant sa construction sur les </em><a href="https://schuman.info/fed.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Principes Supranationaux</em></a><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> et le libre choix de ses citoyens</em></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">D</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">é</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">claration commune </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">des Ministres </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">représentant les Gouvernements signataires du Traité</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Le gouvernement de la République fédérale d’Allemagne, le gouvernement belge, le gouvernement français, le gouvernement italien, le gouvernement luxembourgeois et le gouvernement des Pays-Bas :</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Considérant</em> que la paix mondiale ne peut être sauvegardée que par des efforts créateurs à la mesure des dangers qui la menacent;</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Convaincus</em> que la contribution qu’une Europe organisée et vivante peut apporter à la civilisation est indispensable au maintien de relations pacifiques;</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Conscients</em> que l’Europe ne se construira que par des réalisations concrètes créant d’abord une solidarité de fait et par l’établissement de bases communes de développement économique;</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Soucieux</em> de concourir par l’expansion de leurs productions fondamentales au relèvement du niveau de vie et au progrès des oeuvres de paix;</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Résolus</em> à substituer aux rivalités séculaires une fusion de leurs intérêts essentiels, à fonder par l’instauration d’une <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">communauté économique</strong> les premières assises d’une <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">communauté plus large et plus profonde</strong> entre des peuples longtemps opposés par des divisions sanglantes, et à jeter les bases d’institutions capables d’orienter un <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">destin désormais partagé</strong>,</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ont décidé</em> de créer une <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Communauté européenne du charbon et de l’acier.</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">L’œuvre que nous venons de consacrer par notre signature est due à l’intelligence et à la ténacité de nos délégations et de nos experts; nous leur disons notre très grande gratitude.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Avant même d’être entrée en action, cette oeuvre a déjà, par la vertu de l’idée qui l’inspire, créé dans nos pays et au-delà de leurs frontières des espérances et une confiance tout-à-fait exceptionnelles.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">En signant le traité qui institue la Communauté européenne du charbon et de l’acier, communauté de cent soixante millions d’habitants européens, les parties contractantes ont marqué leur résolution de <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">créer la première institution </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">supranationale</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> et de fonder ainsi les assises réelles d’une Europe organisée</strong>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Cette Europe est ouverte à tous les pays européens <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">libres de leur choix</strong>. Nous espérons fermement que d’autres pays s’associeront à notre effort.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Pleinement conscients de la nécessité de donner tout son sens à ce premier pas par une action continue et du même ordre dans d’autres domaines, nous avons l’espoir et la volonté de mener à bien, dans l’esprit qui a présidé à l’élaboration de ce traité, les projets qui sont actuellement en préparation. Les travaux se poursuivront en liaison avec les organismes européens existants.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Ces initiatives, dont chacune est limitée dans son objet, devront rapidement s’inscrire dans le cadre d’une communauté politique, dont l’idée s’élabore au Conseil de l’Europe. II devra en résulter une coordination et une simplification de l’ensemble des institutions européennes.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Tous ces efforts sont guidés par la conviction croissante que les pays de l’Europe libre sont solidaires les uns des autres, participent à une destinée commune. Nous consoliderons ce sentiment en associant nos énergies et nos volontés, en harmonisant notre action par des consultations fréquentes et des contacts toujours plus confiants.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Telle est la signification de cette journée. Elle sera comprise, nous n’en doutions pas, par nos opinions publiques et par les Parlements qui seront appelés à se prononcer sur le traité. Les gouvernements ici représentés seront auprès d’eux les interprètes de notre volonté commune de construire et de servir ensemble une Europe pacifique et prospère. »</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">2.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman Declaration – What Schuman declared</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHMTn8k7xlUEStGnagoL4d021pm9XkOesrlMsRgQIRTVO9-Ibf6CjZzSq8cxxgdNPbWHpBik5K0jo_eaJoitHMNLakAj7pS1OwNmbn4cWzKm1tOtywuGDUMYiNMfAIK4OcdfchfV8DysO0/s2048/Schuman+Declaration+p1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1411" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHMTn8k7xlUEStGnagoL4d021pm9XkOesrlMsRgQIRTVO9-Ibf6CjZzSq8cxxgdNPbWHpBik5K0jo_eaJoitHMNLakAj7pS1OwNmbn4cWzKm1tOtywuGDUMYiNMfAIK4OcdfchfV8DysO0/w440-h640/Schuman+Declaration+p1.jpg" width="440" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">This is followed by the Schuman Proposal agreed by the French Government of Georges Bidault.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">It starts “World peace cannot be safeguarded if constructive efforts are not made commensurate with the dangers that threaten it. …”</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Full text at <a href="https://schuman.info/9May1950.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">https://schuman.info/9May1950.htm</a></strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">NOTE: What distinguishes Democracies — Free Choice (nations libres de leur choix)</strong></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The articulation of the ‘Free Choice’ of the Member States distinguishes them from fraudulent ‘People’s Democracies’ and dictatorships. Free societies decide their Community governance according to the most democratic procedures. A Community is created by the will of free people. It is not imposed like the constitutions of the Communist bloc by a party or parties. The Community, as manager of common resources and guardian against war between members, must be more democratic, fairer and more honest than its Member States. It should be a model of democracy for Europe and the world.</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Charter of the Community declares that all Member States</strong></p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">must safeguard the rights of their citizens before the Council of Europe according to the Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">No national State that does not adhere to these Fundamental Rights may be admitted to ‘Europe’ whose very definition depends on this Convention of Freedom of Speech, Assembly etc</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The voice of the nation must be respected. For example, Lisbon Treaty and its earlier redaction as the Constitutional Treaty were <span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">rejected</span> in national referendums.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The free will of the people has not been given to the designation of the Commission President or the Commissioners who by law should be independent of political parties, lobbies and outside interests. The original fair system has been replaced by a closed-door horse-trading meeting of politicians.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Elections have not been held for the Consultative Committees (Economic and Social Committee and Committee of Regions) as assemblies of organised civil society,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Europe-wide election to the European Parliament (not 27 national elections) under a single statute as repeatedly included in all treaties since 1951 must be held,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Court system should be fully independent of governments and outside interests.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">How the Founding Fathers designed European democracy</strong>,</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">see <a href="https://schuman.info/supra5.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">https://schuman.info/supra5.htm</a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Why Brexit?</strong> and why do the other, oldest and strongest of Europe’s democracies like Switzerland, Iceland, Norway, not wish to join the ‘EU’? see</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tcJKfuMYCk" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tcJKfuMYCk</a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman speaks on Europe’s democratic principles for political union at the signing of the Treaty of Paris 18 April 1951.</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLixvawveONVBCgbUG6vOsCKwISc6Z8YLEvlmdmCO-iY-oc46ePErcGZSWh2uB0T7aKEUzRSl21FAAS80b1Imy-U9-jLgnfne8K4zx-q9M0dJmQS0OUkgSNNcH_dTM5M4gsdVrIWbODFIr/s2048/Schuman+speaks+at+Treaty+of+Paris+1951+R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1672" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLixvawveONVBCgbUG6vOsCKwISc6Z8YLEvlmdmCO-iY-oc46ePErcGZSWh2uB0T7aKEUzRSl21FAAS80b1Imy-U9-jLgnfne8K4zx-q9M0dJmQS0OUkgSNNcH_dTM5M4gsdVrIWbODFIr/w522-h640/Schuman+speaks+at+Treaty+of+Paris+1951+R.jpg" width="522" /></a></div><br /><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong><p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><br /><br /></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Signatories of Europe’s founding treaty, 18 April 1951</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDc9pkd68xoZSyf_GQSWOZkoNAvy7xDfHkHidfLw0HcsdUiFPEwmDSgAL97veoOGcagF-ZnVVo20gyStqMyRASiwb5xPDyN3M-g7mGev3XfeMu8qGp6Hs_yqLGzOAhYqyYMwhgTQ5-n83R/s300/paris-treaty-v2-300x172.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="172" data-original-width="300" height="367" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDc9pkd68xoZSyf_GQSWOZkoNAvy7xDfHkHidfLw0HcsdUiFPEwmDSgAL97veoOGcagF-ZnVVo20gyStqMyRASiwb5xPDyN3M-g7mGev3XfeMu8qGp6Hs_yqLGzOAhYqyYMwhgTQ5-n83R/w640-h367/paris-treaty-v2-300x172.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><br /></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><div><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-32084117633060010392021-01-09T13:29:00.004-08:002021-01-09T13:38:55.993-08:00EHC4. Germs the ultimate weapon and the European Health Community<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Germs have been called the ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ultimate weapon</em>.’</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/08/ech4-germs-the-ultimate-weapon-and-the-european-health-community/black-death-2-ussr/" rel="attachment wp-att-8976" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-8976 alignright" height="156" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Black-Death-2-USSR-300x156.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Black-Death-2-USSR-300x156.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Black-Death-2-USSR.png 410w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a>So when <a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9106951/Lab-leak-credible-source-coronavirus-outbreak-says-government-official.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Matthew Pottinger</a>, Deputy National Security Adviser to US President Trump told a global Zoom conference of Parliamentarians that the Coronavirus pandemic originated from the Wuhan virology laboratory, we should take notice. China is using investigations by the World Health Organisation, WHO, as camouflage, he said.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Pottinger was formerly a Reuters and Wall Street Journal correspondent in China. He speaks fluent Mandarin Chinese. His brother is a virologist.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">At Wuhan, Shi Zhengli, known as the Batwoman is known to have collected deadly viruses from distant bat caves. The Coronavirus strain in Covid-19 seems to be modified for ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">gain of function</em>‘ that allows it to spread rapidly and genetic modification that requires high technology. In the spring of 2020, Chinese doctors in Wuhan who warned of the coming disaster disappeared or ‘<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/04/02/covid-19-is-the-eu-still-fooled-by-the-virus-of-fake-news/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">were disappeared</em></a>‘.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Where did the Chinese learn these high technology and highly dangerous virology techniques?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://www.newsweek.com/dr-fauci-backed-controversial-wuhan-lab-millions-us-dollars-risky-coronavirus-research-1500741" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">US agencies</a> were banned from such research at home but then Dr Anthony Fauci of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease collaborated with Wuhan on multi-million dollar contracts aimed at bat Coronavirus ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">gain of function</em>‘ research. This makes a virus more infectious for humans and can lead to a pandemic.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">War as Fear-mongering</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Bio-weapons have an extra attribute compared to other systems — spreading widespread fear and panic across continents. Fear of disease can paralyse societies, lockdown the economy and allow an enemy, who knows the secrets, to gain the supremacy of power, production and prestige.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Bio-weapons are potent. During World War II, atomic weapons killed hundreds of thousands of Japanese. Bioweapons much more. In the Middle Ages, Black Death killed an estimated millions upon millions — an estimated 40 to 60 percent of Europe’s population. If weaponised, such germs would be absolutely devastating.<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/08/ech4-germs-the-ultimate-weapon-and-the-european-health-community/weekly_deaths_in_31_european_countries_2020_and_2016-2019_average/" rel="attachment wp-att-9121" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9121 alignright" height="215" sizes="(max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Weekly_deaths_in_31_European_countries_2020_and_2016-2019_average-300x162.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Weekly_deaths_in_31_European_countries_2020_and_2016-2019_average-300x162.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Weekly_deaths_in_31_European_countries_2020_and_2016-2019_average-768x416.png 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Weekly_deaths_in_31_European_countries_2020_and_2016-2019_average.png 800w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="400" /></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In today’s world of communications and propaganda, the fear factor can have massive repercussions, far greater than the minimal percentage of extra deaths that may or may not have been involved. Taking into account the psychological warfare causing addictions and suicides, the normal death rates in 2020 may well be below average rates in many countries. In some countries deaths by influenza has disappeared from the ‘official’ statistics. Many ask: why is the West in lockdown?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Of all countries, China has real grounds for concern about biological warfare. It learned from bitter experience about biological attacks last century — as a victim.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">This experience may have set that nation’s security goals like no other. The means of defence is a priority. Morale at home must remain high, panic minimised, centralised government firm, and official death rates as low as possible.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;">Korean War</b></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">On 25 June 1950, barely a month after <a href="http://schuman.info/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Robert Schuman</a> had announced the French proposal for a European Community, the Korean War broke out.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/08/ech4-germs-the-ultimate-weapon-and-the-european-health-community/n-korean-war-poster/" rel="attachment wp-att-8953" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone wp-image-8953" height="287" sizes="(max-width: 431px) 100vw, 431px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/N-Korean-war-poster-300x201.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/N-Korean-war-poster-300x201.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/N-Korean-war-poster.jpg 383w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="431" /></a>Allegations were made that <a href="https://medium.com/insurge-intelligence/the-long-suppressed-korean-war-report-on-u-s-use-of-biological-weapons-released-at-last-20d83f5cee54" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">biological warfare</a> was being used. By whom?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Chinese Communists said that the Americans were guilty. Captured airmen confessed, they said. The American authorities riposted that they were victims of ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">brainwashing</em>‘.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Chinese had good reason to be afraid of biological warfare. And with the USA’s victory over Japan in WW2 and capture of their secrets, they had good reason to suspect the Americans had advanced biowarfare techniques. In WW2 Japan was the foremost power that had developed biological weapons for attack and defensive schemes at home.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In December 1952, when before representatives of European States, French Foreign Minster Robert Schuman proposed the creation of a European Health Community, these allegations were still current.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman’s Purpose</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Was the threat of a new wave of biological warfare part of Schuman’s project for a European Community of Health to protect its populations? The battle to get such an idea accepted was formidable but so were the consequences if Europe had no defence against such threats. Such an ambitious project with such a variety of opposers required a steady political hand to navigate it through the waters against nationalism, pharmaceutical cartels, and left-wing propaganda allied to the USSR in Europe and the rising Chinese Communist powers in Asia who threatened French interests in Indochina.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Schuman had suggested the European Defence Community to the French Government in <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Robert-Schuman-Jalonneur-Mondiale-French/dp/1291433929" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">mid-September 1950</a> just after the outbreak of the Korean War. But the idea provoked heavy opposition, both from Gaullists and Communists, inside and outside Parliament.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Why was such a Defence Community necessary when, in April 1949 western leaders had signed the Treaty of Washington creating NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Alliance? NATO was the broad picture for defence against the USSR but it did not ensure full European needs and protection of their interests. The EDC attempted to find an efficient, common approach to a common danger by integrating national armies with a European command against a powerful USSR.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Having the necessary political and military infrastructure was of primary importance. But what if the population itself was held hostage by the threat of biological war? How could civilians be protected? If integrating the national units of the army, navy and airforces into European ones was becoming an almost impossible task, how would politicians be able to find a unified policy to deal with complex civilian threats like disease? Without such a policy Europe could easily fall into the chaos caused by the intentional spread of disease exacerbated by undisciplined refugee movements.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The European Health Community seems tailor-made to deal with these life and death issues. A democratically organised defence including even countries outside NATO would provide solidarity against tyrants with bio-weapons.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Schuman, unfortunately, was unable to see the project through to a signed treaty. He was forced out of office in early 1953 by a combination of nationalists, Communists and Gaullists. What he proposed then should be examined to decide what is needed now.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Making war impossible</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Mutual defence against biological warfare and outlawing it inside the Community fits in directly with Schuman’s avowed purpose in creating the European Community system. It was designed to cover a number of problems, all within the theme of ‘<a href="https://schuman.info/proppurp.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">making war not only unthinkable but materially impossible</em></a>‘ among its Member States.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Schuman’s Plan for a European Health Community would have resolved not only the major problems of the health of Europeans but provided a mighty shield of protection against biowarfare.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Today it could have resolved Covid-19 problems emanating from the <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/05/06/trillion-euro-torpedo-covid-censorship-disinformation-or-global-warfare/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Wuham biosecurity</a> laboratory in <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHjRH3maQOU&feature=emb_logo" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">China,</a> according to US authorities.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">How?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">This was the height of the Cold War. The Community drew on the studies that the European population should expect and design defence correspondingly. The properly functioning Community system enables detailed investigation of fact, submitted to intense questioning by interest groups, and the means to take unified action based on a democratic process that engages all strata of societies.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Community’s purpose was also to provide democratic, transparent and effective defence against chemical and biological warfare, not to mention the health devastation of radiation that might be caused by atomic war.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/08/ech4-germs-the-ultimate-weapon-and-the-european-health-community/gerpic/" rel="attachment wp-att-9003" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9003 alignright" height="352" sizes="(max-width: 226px) 100vw, 226px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Gerpic-192x300.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Gerpic-192x300.jpg 192w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Gerpic-307x480.jpg 307w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="226" /></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Ancient biowarfare</strong></p></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">In war the population should expect the unexpected. Civil rules are thrown out the window. Romans bathed their swords in excrement or fluid from corpses to infect their enemies with tetanus.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">In second century Hatra, near Mosul, the Parthian inhabitants defended their fortress from the attacking Romans by launching pots full of <a href="http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0505/feature1/assignment2.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">deadly scorpions</a> onto the legionnaires.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">And then came an attack with global consequences…</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In 1346 the Mongols catapulted diseased bodies into the Italian trading post of Caffa in the Crimea. The Italians fled in the ships and brought the disease to Italy and Europe. The ensuing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubonic_plague" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">bubonic plague</a> or Black Death killed between 30 and 60 percent of Europeans.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Spanish ‘Flu, H1N1</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In World War 1, Germans tried to cripple the horsepower of the Allies by spreading anthrax or glanders. At the close of the war <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_flu" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Spanish Flu</a> wiped out more people than had been killed in battle. It illustrated the debilitating spread of such a disease, a Corona virus. Known as H1N1, it infected 500 million people, a third of the world’s population. Estimates of deaths range from 17 to 100 million. It attacked young people, at first soldiers in crowded barracks. Fear and panic spread worldwide. If the strongest section of society was stricken down so easily, who could escape this disease?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The disease may have been generated from the spread of disease in animals, to fowl and then to humans by the conditions of modern agriculture and the economy. But what if such a disease was artificially produced for military purposes?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Because of these dangers the League of Nations proposed a treaty banning bacteriological weapons. At Geneva on 17 June 1925, 128 nations signed the ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Protocol for the prohibition in War of Asphyxiating, poisonous and other Gases, and of bacteriological Methods of Warfare</em>.’</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That did not solve the problem. Far from it.</p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan’s Plague Polemology</strong></div><div class="ad-slot article-slot-centered hidden-phone" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><figure class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_8955" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(240, 240, 240); box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; max-width: 204px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/08/ech4-germs-the-ultimate-weapon-and-the-european-health-community/general-iishi/" rel="attachment wp-att-8955" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-8955 size-medium" height="300" sizes="(max-width: 204px) 100vw, 204px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/General-IIshi-204x300.jpeg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/General-IIshi-204x300.jpeg 204w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/General-IIshi-768x1130.jpeg 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/General-IIshi-696x1024.jpeg 696w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/General-IIshi-326x480.jpeg 326w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/General-IIshi.jpeg 1042w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="204" /></a><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 5px 4px;">Lieutenant General Shiro Iishi, supremo of Japan’s bacteriological warfare programme.</figcaption></figure><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In Japan it led to a cynical escalation of bio-weapon research. One Japanese officer took a different view to the commonly expressed horror and revulsion at bio-weapons.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Shiro Iishi (later Lt General) argued that if all nations banned such warfare, Japan must do all in its power to create the most virulent germ weapons and investigate the most effective methods for destroying enemies with lethal diseases.</p></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;">That was the start of the operation known as Unit 731, a hellish atrocity that plumbed greater depths of depravity than the Nazis and Dr Mengele.</div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;">Born of a wealthy family, surrounded by servants, Iishi made a world tour studying bio-war research: major institutions across USA, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Hungary, Scandinavia, the Baltics, USSR, Turkey, Ceylon and Singapore.</div></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">In 1931 General Tetsuan Nagata launched a false flag war on China. An explosion ripped into Japanese owned railway property. The military blamed the Chinese and decimated a Chinese military base. It led to the Japanese take-over of mineral-rich Manchuria.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">As Japan conquered Manchuria and parts of China, Nagata called on Iishi to begin his experiments on Chinese human beings. Type A research, said Iishi, was attack warfare; type B, defence, could be done in Japan.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Thus began a decade of human experimentation including dissection without anaesthetics, and production of plague, typhoid, cholera and anthrax. Victims included Americans, French, British, Ukrainians, Koreans and Mongolians. Following the systematic kidnapping of some of its citizens in Harbin, the Soviets took aerial photographs of the vast Pingfan installation where they were kept.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Japanese military squadrons released anthrax bombs over China and poisoned waterways. Use against the USSR when war broke out was planned.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Spanish Flu and Swine Flu</strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Swine Flu</a> was a respiratory disease like Covid-19. It was another form of H1N1. It hit in 2008 and more people were infected than the Spanish Flu but with less lethality (0.01 to 0,03 compared with 2 to 3 % for Spanish Flu.)</div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;">The fact that the historic virus of 1919 suddenly raised its lethal head nearly a century later, raised the question about whether it had been experimented with to produce a <a href="https://osp.od.nih.gov/biotechnology/gain-of-function-research/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">gain of function</a> of its transmissibility.</div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;">About half a million people died, the same sort of figure as seasonal ‘flu. Like Covid-19 it was more infectious than lethal. The obese and those with other health problems are most often the victims.</div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/08/ech4-germs-the-ultimate-weapon-and-the-european-health-community/dp-tweet-eu-mortality/" rel="attachment wp-att-8958" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone wp-image-8958" height="314" sizes="(max-width: 410px) 100vw, 410px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/DP-Tweet-EU-mortality-300x230.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/DP-Tweet-EU-mortality-300x230.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/10/DP-Tweet-EU-mortality.png 521w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="410" /></a><a href="https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=CjwKCAjw5p_8BRBUEiwAPpJO65ijtIWrpfGbyg0xWqyXfVDmeT9x1hzLUBD6S3RkmwDmJP9qvG5ydxoC0F0QAvD_BwE" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Figures</a> for mid October 2020 show similar lethality at between 2 and 3%. In September the European death rate for all diseases including Covid-19 were below the average annual death rate. Thus people were living longer! But in October the number of infections started to increase.</div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"></div></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Germs and germ warfare</strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Germs were obviously a main theme of a European Health Community, but what about germ warfare?</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">There were already well-established health services in all the Member States. A large sector of the population was employed. Many States had their own pharmaceutical firms. Some, like Switzerland and Germany, had extensive international interests that they wished to protect against intrusion.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">In the international sphere there were already world organisation like the United Nations and specifically the World Health Organisation, WHO.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">WHO and Europe</strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Should European nations submit entirely to the WHO? Would that help in the needs and interests of Europeans? That is a question that is still relevant today.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">To the latter question Paul Ribeyre replied that for Europe, the action of the WHO was too universal to hope to respond to Europe’s specific needs. Besides, he added diplomatically, a Community (composed of nations who were not part of the Soviet bloc) had to deal with their own special characteristics.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The United Nations at this time was the major scene of ideological battling. The Soviet influence inside the UN could seriously interfere with health issues, especially if an agency like WHO was ‘captured’ by the Communists of the Soviet States and its allies.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Ribeyre went further. He said that the Community needed to set up its own form of authority that would deal inside its own European limits. WHO had already proved inadequate to deal with far lesser problems.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">An example of UN incoherent policy was that of narcotics. Some countries had an economic interest in the export of narcotics to the detriment of health of others.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">It was not possible to gain worldwide consensus. Countries that had a monopoly control of pharmaceuticals or an economically discriminatory policy across borders had a potential tool in the ideological warfare of the time.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Europe had to define its health interests and protect them.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Schuman to the defence</strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Schuman was at the forefront in creating a defensive structure for France within Europe. He analysed the various means that could be exploited to ignite war across Europe.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">After WW2, Europeans reverted to their own forms of nationalism. The military alliances of the war dissolved. The West had combined with the Soviet Union to fight Fascist German and Italy.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">In the early postwar years, Europeans faced two major dangers, Schuman said. First was the uncertain future of Germany, presently divided between East and West. Secondly, the Soviet Union, which retained its massive Red Army, was threatening to invade the rest of Europe.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Schuman expanded the Dunkirk Treaty with UK to create with the Benelux countries the Western Union or Brussels Pact. While stressing the preservation of western values such as human rights, it required the means to resist external aggression. Its military committee was the embryo of NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">How should Europeans boost their defence structure and ensure the safety of their citizens?</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The European Coal and Steel Community of 1951 had the twin aims of strengthening the means to make arms while overseeing that armament firms did not get into the driver’s seat of government.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The Korean War, required more urgent means to be applied to collective European defence. The invasion of Korea was seen as a dry run for the invasion of Europe by the USSR. However, although the treaty for the European Defence Community was approved in the parliaments of five nations, in France parliament with a combination of communists, nationalists and Gaullists made sure that French approval was suspended. That put the EDC into long-term cold storage.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">NATO could provide the defensive umbrella against Soviet aggression. But Europe’s many nations and opposing histories was far different from North America. Europeans had a far more difficult challenge about how to protect themselves in the event of war.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Europeans competed with each other, even wanting to build their own atomic bombs. The question of atomic war was later tackled in the Euratom treaty of 1957.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Germ Wars</strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">But what of Germ Warfare? Protection was evidently something that Europeans had to do for themselves. They could not expect the Americans and Canadians to provide it.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The European Health Community Treaty provides a few possibilities that this could be instigated on a European Community basis with strong Community institutions to safeguard democratic values.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The most obvious gain would be to share expertise and and supplies against all the varied maladies of mankind. Europeans would be stronger and the economy would benefit hugely. But all that could be lost if war broke out or if an enemy tried to infect the population before invasion. So it is logical to surmise that EHC could be the nucleus of means of protection and defence.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Politically this was a very delicate subject. Nations of Western Europe still did not trust each other even though they had fought a war together.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br /></strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Democratic Mechanism</strong></div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">How could Europeans get together and trust each other in such a delicate but essential task? The goal to be attained was to create a powerful decisional system but also to find a way to encourage the free cooperation of experts, hospitals, doctors, pharmaceutical firms and people.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">While the countries and peoples were different from the first Community of Coal and Steel, the governance was to be the same.</div><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">This shows that in the minds of architects of the European Health Community, there was only one model to that had the potential for this. That was the supranational Community and its already know five institutions.</div><p><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The plans of the structure of the EHC were published in striking detail in 1952.</span> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-77960507987002945672021-01-07T11:26:00.001-08:002021-01-07T11:27:23.445-08:00Trump delineates how Democracy of the People is being stolen from the People<p><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Today, for the sake of our democracy, for the sake of our Constitution, and for the sake of our children,</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"> </span><em style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">we lay out the case for the entire world to hear. You want to hear it?</strong></em></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Crowd: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2044.33" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">34:04</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Yes!</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2046.23" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">34:06</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />In every single swing state, local officials, state officials, almost all Democrats made illegal and unconstitutional changes to election procedures without the mandated approvals by the state legislatures, that these changes paved the way for <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">fraud on a scale never seen before</strong></em>. And I think we’d go a long way outside of our country when I say that.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2074.89" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">34:34</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />So just in a nutshell, you can’t make a change on voting for a federal election unless the state legislature approves it. No judge can do it. Nobody can do it, only a legislature. So as an example in Pennsylvania or whatever, you have a Republican legislature, you have a Democrat mayor, and you have a lot of Democrats all over the place. They go to the legislature, the legislature laughs at them. Says, “We’re not going to do that.” They say, “Thank you very much.” And they go and make the changes themselves. They do it anyway. And that’s totally illegal. That’s totally illegal. You can’t do that.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2113.97" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">35:13</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />In Pennsylvania, the Democrat Secretary of State and the Democrat State Supreme Court justices illegally abolished the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">signature verification</strong></em> requirements just 11 days prior to the election. So think of what they did. No longer is there signature verification. Oh, that’s okay. We want voter ID by the way. But no longer is their signature verification, 11 days before the election! They say, “We don’t want it.” You know why they don’t want it? Because <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">they want to cheat</strong></em>. That’s the only reason. Who would even think of that? We don’t want to verify a signature? There were over 205,000 more ballots counted in Pennsylvania. Now think of this. You had <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">205,000 more ballots than you had voters</strong></em>. That means you had 200… Where did they come from? You know where they came from? Somebody’s imagination. Whatever they needed. So in Pennsylvania you had 205,000 more votes than you had voters! And it’s the number is actually much greater than that now. That was as of a week ago. And this is a mathematical impossibility, unless you want to say it’s a total fraud. So Pennsylvania was defrauded.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2195.97" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">36:35</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Over 8000 ballots in Pennsylvania were cast by people whose names and dates of birth match individuals who died in 2020 and prior to the election. Think of that. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dead people!</strong></em> Lots of dead people, thousands. And some dead people actually requested an application. That bothers me even more. Not only are they voting, they want an application to vote. One of them was 29 years ago died. It’s incredible.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2225.91" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">37:05</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Over 14,000 ballots were cast by <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">out-of-state voters</strong></em>. So these are voters that don’t live in the state. And by the way, these numbers are what they call outcome determinative. Meaning these numbers far surpass… I lost by a very little bit. These numbers are massive. Massive. More than 10,000 votes in Pennsylvania were illegally counted, even though they were received after Election Day. In other words, “They were received after Election Day, let’s count them anyway!” And what they did in many cases is they did fraud. They took the date and they moved it back, so that it no longer is after Election Day. And more than 60,000 ballots in Pennsylvania were reported received back. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">They got back before they were ever supposedly mailed out.</strong></em> In other words, you got the ballot back before you mailed it!</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2283.8" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">38:03</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />… they were supposedly mailed out, in other words, you got the ballot back before you mailed it, which is also logically and logistically impossible. Think of that one. You got the ballot back. Let’s send the ballots. Oh, they’ve already been sent. But we got the ballot back before they were sent. I don’t think that’s too good.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2303.11" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">38:23</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Twenty-five thousand ballots in Pennsylvania were requested by nursing home residents, all in a single giant batch, not legal. Indicating an enormous illegal ballot harvesting operation. You’re not allowed to do it. It’s against the law. The day before the election, the State of Pennsylvania reported the number of <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">absentee ballots</strong></em> that had been sent out. Yet this number was suddenly and drastically <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">increased by 400,000 people</strong></em>. It was increased. Nobody knows where it came from by 400,000 ballots. One day after the election, it remains totally unexplained. They said, “Well, we can’t figure that.” Now that’s many, many times what it would take to overthrow the state. Just that one element. 400,000 ballots appeared from nowhere, right after the election.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2356.65" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">39:16</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />By the way, Pennsylvania has now seen all of this. They didn’t know because it was so quick. They had a vote, they voted, but now they see all this stuff. It’s all come to light. Doesn’t happen that fast. And they want to re certify their votes. They want to re certify. But the only way that can happen is if Mike Pence agrees to send it back.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2383.39" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">39:43</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" /><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/07/trump-us-democracy-is-being-stolen-from-the-people-congress-act-now-for-the-people/trump-washington-rally-6dec21/" rel="attachment wp-att-9130" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone wp-image-9130" height="468" sizes="(max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Trump-Washington-rally-6Dec21-300x200.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Trump-Washington-rally-6Dec21-300x200.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Trump-Washington-rally-6Dec21-768x512.jpg 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Trump-Washington-rally-6Dec21-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Trump-Washington-rally-6Dec21-720x480.jpg 720w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Trump-Washington-rally-6Dec21.jpg 1200w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="702" /></a>Mike Pence has to agree to send it back. And many people in Congress want it sent back, and take of what you’re doing. Let’s say you don’t do it. Somebody says, “Well, we have to obey the constitution.” And you are, because you’re protecting our country and you’re protecting the constitution, so you are. But think of what happens. Let’s say they’re stiffs and they’re stupid people. And they say, “Well, we really have no choice.” Even though Pennsylvania and other states want to redo their votes, they want to see the numbers. They already have the numbers. Go very quickly and they want to redo their legislature because many of these votes were taken as I said, because it wasn’t approved by their legislature. That in itself is illegal and then you have the scam and that’s all of the things that we’re talking about. But think of this: if you don’t do that, that means you will have a president of the United States for four years, with his wonderful son.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2450.22" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">40:50</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />You will have a president who lost all of these states, or you will have a president to put it another way, who was voted on by a bunch of stupid people who lost all of these things. You will have an illegitimate president, that’s what you’ll have. And we can’t let that happen. These are the facts that you won’t hear from the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">fake news media</strong></em>. It’s all part of the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">suppression</strong></em> effort. They don’t want to talk about it. They don’t want to talk about it. In fact, when I started talking about that, I guarantee you a lot of the television sets and a lot of those cameras went off and that’s how a lot of cameras back there. But a lot of them went off, but these are the things you don’t hear about. You don’t hear what you just heard. And I’m going to go over a few more states. But you don’t hear it by the people who want to deceive you and demoralize you and control you, big tech, media.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2508.07" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">41:48</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Just like the suppression polls that said, we’re going to lose <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Wisconsin</strong></em> by 17 points, well we won Wisconsin. They don’t have it that way because they lose just by a little sliver. But they had me down the day before Washington Post, ABC poll, down 17 points. I called up a real pollster. I said, “What is that?” “Sir, that’s called a suppression poll. I think you’re going to win Wisconsin, sir.” I said, “But why do they make it four or five points?” “Because then people vote. But when you’re down 17, they say, ‘Hey, I’m not going to waste my time. I love the president, but there’s no way.’” Despite that, we won Wisconsin, you’ll see. But that’s called suppression because a lot of people, when they see that, it’s very interesting. This pollster said, “Sir, if you’re down three, four or five people vote. When you go down 17, they say, ‘Let’s save, let’s go and have dinner, and let’s watch the presidential defeat tonight on television darling.’”</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2569.15" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">42:49</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />And just like the radical left tries to blacklist you on social media, every time I put out a tweet, even if it’s totally correct, totally correct. I get a flag. I get a flag. And they also don’t let you get out. On <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Twitter</strong></em>, it’s very hard to come on to my account. It’s very hard to get out a message. They don’t let the message get out nearly like they should, but I’ve had many people say, “I can’t get on your Twitter.” I don’t care about Twitter. Twitter is bad news. They’re all bad news. But you know what? If you want to get out of message. And if you want to go through big tech, social media, they are really, if you’re a conservative, if you’re a Republican, if you have a big voice, I guess they call it shadow ban. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Shadow ban</strong></em>. They shadow ban you and it should be illegal. I’ve been telling these Republicans get rid of Section 230.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2627.28" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">43:47</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />And for some reason, Mitch and the group, they don’t want to put it in there. And they don’t realize that that’s going to be the end of the Republican party as we know it, but it’s never going to be the end of us, never. Let them get out. Let the weak ones get out. This is a time for strength. They also want to indoctrinate your children in school by teaching them things that aren’t so. They want to indoctrinate your children. It’s all part of the comprehensive assault on our democracy and the American people to finally standing up and saying, “No.” This crowd is again a testament to it. I did no advertising. I did nothing. You do have some groups that are big supporters. I want to thank that Amy and everybody, we have some incredible supporters, incredible, but we didn’t do anything. This just happened.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2679.74" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">44:39</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Two months ago, we had a massive crowd come down to Washington. I said, “What are they there for.” “Sir, they’re there for you.” We have nothing to do with it. These groups, they’re forming all over the United States. And we got to remember, in a year from now, you’re going to start working on Congress. And we got to get rid of the weak congresspeople, the ones that aren’t any good, the Liz Cheneys of the world, we got to get rid of them. We got to get rid of them. She never wants a soldier brought home. I’ve brought a lot of our soldiers home. I don’t know, some like it. They’re in countries that nobody even knows the name. Nobody knows where they are. They’re dying. They’re great, but they’re dying. They’re losing their arms, their legs, their face. I brought them back home, largely back home, Afghanistan, Iraq. Remember I used to say in the old days, “Don’t go into Iraq. But if you go in, keep the oil.” We didn’t keep the oil. So stupid. So stupid, these people. And Iraq has billions and billions of dollars now in the bank. And what did we do? We get nothing. We never get. But we do actually, we kept the oil here. We did good. We got rid of the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">ISIS caliphate</strong></em>. We got rid of plenty of different things that everybody knows and the rebuilding of our military in three years, people said it couldn’t be done. And it was all made in the USA, all made in the USA. Best equipment in the world. In Wisconsin, corrupt Democrat run cities deployed more than 500 illegal unmanned, unsecured drop boxes, which collected a minimum of 91,000 unlawful votes. It was razor thin the loss. This one thing alone is much more than we would need, but there are many things.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2789.25" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">46:29</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />They have these lockboxes and they pick them up and they disappear for two days. People would say, “Where’s that box?” They disappeared. Nobody even knew where the hell it was. In addition, over 170,000 absentee votes were counted in Wisconsin without a valid absentee ballot application. So they had a vote, but they had no application. And that’s illegal in Wisconsin. Meaning those votes were blatantly done in opposition to state law. And they came 100% from Democrat areas, such as Milwaukee and Madison, 100%. In Madison, 17,000 votes were deposited in so-called human drop boxes. You know what that is, right? Where operatives stuff <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">thousands of unsecured ballots</strong></em> into duffel bags on park benches across the city in complete defiance of cease and desist letters from state legislature. The state legislature said, “Don’t do it.” They’re the only ones that could approve it. They gave tens of thousands of votes.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2857.43" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">47:37</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />They came in in duffel bags. Where the hell did they come from? According to eyewitness testimony, postal service workers in Wisconsin were also instructed to <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">illegally backdate</strong></em> approximately 100,000 ballots. The margin of difference in Wisconsin was less than 20,000 votes. Each one of these things alone wins us the state. Great state, we love the state, we won the state. In Georgia, your secretary of state, I can’t believe this guy’s a Republican. He loves recording telephone conversations. I thought it was a great conversation personally, so did a lot of other … people love that conversation, because it says what’s going on. These people are crooked. They’re 100% in my opinion, one of the most corrupt. Between your governor and your secretary of state. And now you have it again last night, just take a look at what happened, what a mess and the Democrat party operatives entered into an illegal and unconstitutional settlement agreement that drastically weakened signature verification and other election security procedures.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2933.3" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">48:53</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Stacey Abrams, she took them to lunch and I beat her two years ago with a bad candidate, Brian Kemp. But the Democrats, took the Republicans to lunch because the secretary of state had no clue what the hell was happening, unless he did have a clue. That’s interesting. Maybe he was with the other side, but we’ve been trying to get verifications of signatures in Fulton County. They won’t let us do it. The only reason they won’t is because we’ll find things in the hundreds of thousands. Why wouldn’t they let us verify signatures and Fulton County? Which is known for being very corrupt. They won’t do it. They go to some other county where you would live. I said, “That’s not the problem. The problem is Fulton County.” Home of Stacey Abrams. She did a good job. I congratulate her, but it was done in such a way that we can’t let this stuff happen.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=2993.92" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">49:53</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />We won’t have a country of it happens. As a result Georgia’s absentee ballot rejection rate was more than 10 times lower than previous levels, because the criteria was so off, 48 counties in Georgia with thousands and thousands of votes rejected zero ballots. There wasn’t one ballot. In other words, in a year in which more mail-in ballots were sent than ever before, and more people were voting by mail for the first time, the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">rejection rate was drastically lower</strong></em> than it had ever been before. The only way this can be explained is if tens of thousands of illegitimate votes were added to the tally, that’s the only way you could explain it. By the way, you’re talking about tens of thousands. If Georgia had merely rejected the same number of unlawful ballots, as in other years, there should have been approximately 45,000 ballots rejected, far more than what we needed to win, just over 11,000.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3059.35" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">50:59</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />They should find those votes. They should absolutely find that just over 11,000 votes, that’s all we need. They defrauded us out of a win in Georgia, and we’re not going to forget it. There’s only one reason the Democrats could possibly want to eliminate signature matching, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">oppose voter ID</strong></em> and stop citizenship confirmation. Are you in citizenship? You’re not allowed to ask that question. Because they want to steal the election. The radical left knows exactly what they’re doing. They’re ruthless and it’s time that somebody did something about it. And Mike Pence, I hope you’re going to stand up for the good of our constitution and for the good of our country. And if you’re not, I’m going to be very disappointed in you. I will tell you right now. I’m not hearing good stories. In Fulton County, republican poll <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Watchers were rejected</strong></em> in some cases, physically from the room under the false pretense of a pipe burst.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3123.42" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">52:03</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Water main burst, everybody leave. Which we now know was a <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">total lie</strong></em>. Then election officials pull boxes, Democrats and suitcases of ballots out from under a table. You all saw it on television, totally fraudulent. And illegally scanned them for nearly two hours totally unsupervised. Tens of thousands of votes, as that coincided with a mysterious vote dump of up to 100,000 votes for Joe Biden, almost none for Trump. Oh, that sounds fair. That was at 1:34 AM. The Georgia secretary of state and pathetic governor of Georgia … although he says, I’m a great president. I sort of maybe have to change. He said the other day, “Yes, I disagree with president, but he’s been a great president.” Oh, good. Thanks. Thank you very much. Because of him and others. Brian Kemp, vote him the hell out of office, please.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3185.16" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">53:05</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" /><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/07/trump-us-democracy-is-being-stolen-from-the-people-congress-act-now-for-the-people/screen-shot-2021-01-07-at-18-16-30/" rel="attachment wp-att-9133" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-9133" height="215" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-07-at-18.16.30-300x215.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-07-at-18.16.30-300x215.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-07-at-18.16.30-671x480.png 671w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2021/01/Screen-Shot-2021-01-07-at-18.16.30.png 710w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a>Well, his rates are so low, his approval rating now, I think it just reached a record low. They’ve rejected five separate appeals for an independent and comprehensive audit of signatures in Fulton County. Even without an audit, the number of fraudulent ballots that we’ve identified across the state is staggering. Over 10,300 ballots in Georgia were cast by <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">individuals</strong></em> whose names and dates of birth match Georgia residents who <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">died in 2020 and prior to the election.</strong></em> More than 2,500 ballots were cast by individuals whose names and dates of birth match incarcerated <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">felons</strong></em> in Georgia prison. People who are not allowed to vote. More than 4,500 illegal ballots were cast by individuals who do not appear on the state’s own<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"> voter rolls</strong></em>. Over 18,000 illegal ballots were cast by individuals who registered to vote using an address listed as vacant, according to the postal service. At least 88,000 ballots in Georgia were cast by people whose registrations were <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">illegally backdated.</strong></em></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3258.12" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">54:18</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Each one of these is far more than we need. 66,000 votes in Georgia were cast by individuals under the legal voting age. And at least 15,000 ballots were cast by individuals who moved out of the state prior to November 3rd election. They say they moved right back. They move right back. Oh, they moved out. They moved right back. Okay. They miss Georgia that much. I do. I love Georgia, but it’s a <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">corrupt system</strong></em>. Despite all of this, the margin in Georgia is only 11,779 votes. Each and every one of these issues is enough to give us a victory in Georgia, a big, beautiful victory. Make no mistake, this selection stolen from you, from me and from the country. And not a single swing state has conducted a comprehensive audit to remove the illegal ballots. This should absolutely occur in every single contestant state before the election is certified.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3321.45" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">55:21</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />In the State of Arizona, over 36,000 ballots were illegally cast by <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">non-citizens</strong></em>. 2000 ballots were returned with no address. More than 22,000 ballots were returned before they were ever supposedly mailed out. They returned, but we haven’t mailed them yet. 11,600 more ballots and votes were counted more than there were actual voters. You see that? So you have <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">more votes again than you have voters</strong></em>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3351.61" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">55:51</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />150,000 people registered in Maricopa County after the registration deadline. 103,000 ballots in the county were sent for electronic adjudication with no Republican observers. In Clark County, Nevada, the accuracy settings on signature verification machines were purposely lowered before they were used to count over 130,000 ballots. If you signed your name as Santa Claus, it would go through. There were also more than 42,000 double votes in Nevada. Over 150, 000 people were hurt so badly by what took place. And 1500 ballots were cast by individuals whose names and dates of birth match Nevada residents who died in 2020, prior to November 3rd election. More than 8,000 votes were cast by individuals who had no address and probably didn’t live there. The margin in Nevada is down at a very low number. Any of these things would have taken care of the situation. We would have won-</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3423.261" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">57:03</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Any of these things would have taken care of the situation. We would have won Nevada also. Every one of these we’re going over, we win. In Michigan quickly, the secretary of state, a real great one, flooded the state with unsolicited mail-in ballot applications, sent to every person on the rolls, in direct violation of state law. More than 17,000 Michigan ballots were cast by individuals whose names and dates of birth matched people who were deceased. In Wayne County, that’s a great one. That’s Detroit. 174,000 ballots were counted without being tied to an actual registered voter. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Nobody knows where they came from.</strong></em> Also in Wayne County, poll watches observed canvassers re-scanning batches of ballots over and over again, up to three or four or five times. In Detroit, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">turnout was 139% of registered voters</strong></em>. Think of that. So you had 139% of the people in Detroit voting. This is in Michigan, Detroit, Michigan.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3488.93" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">58:08</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />A career employee of the Detroit, City of Detroit, testified under penalty of perjury that she witnessed city workers coaching voters to vote straight Democrat, while accompanying them to watch who they voted for. When a Republican came in, they wouldn’t talk to him. The same worker was instructed not to ask for any <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">voter ID</strong></em> and not to attempt to validate any signatures if they were Democrats. She also told to illegally, and was told backdate ballots received after the deadline and reports that thousands and thousands of ballots were <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">improperly backdated</strong></em>. That’s Michigan. Four witnesses have testified under penalty of perjury that after officials in Detroit announced the last votes had been counted, tens of thousands of additional ballots arrived without required envelopes. Every single one was for a Democrat. I got no votes.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3550.09" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">59:10</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />At 6:31 AM, in the early morning hours after voting had ended, Michigan suddenly reported 147,000 votes. An astounding <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">94% went to Joe Biden</strong></em>, who campaigned brilliantly from his basement. Only a couple of percentage points went to Trump. Such gigantic and <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">one-sided vote dumps</strong></em> were only observed in a few swing states and they were observed in the states where it was necessary. You know what’s interesting, President Obama beat Biden in every state other than the swing states where Biden killed him. But the swing States were the ones that mattered. There were always just enough to push Joe Biden barely into the lead. We were ahead by a lot and within the number of hours we were losing by a little.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3603.61" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:00:03</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />In addition, there is the highly troubling matter of <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dominion voting systems.</strong></em> In one Michigan County alone, 6,000 votes were switched from Trump to Biden and the same systems are used in the majority of states in our country. Senator William Ligon, a great gentleman, chairman of Georgia Senate Judiciary Subcommittee, Senator Ligon, highly respected on elections has written a letter describing his concerns with Dominion in Georgia.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3640.3" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:00:40</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />He wrote, and I quote, “The <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Dominion voting machines</strong></em> employed in Fulton County had an astronomical and <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">astounding 93.67% error rate</strong></em>.” It’s only wrong 93% of the time. “In the scanning of ballots requiring a review panel to adjudicate or determine the voter’s interest, in over 106,000 ballots out of a total of 113,000.” Think of it, you go in and you vote and then they tell people who you’re supposed to be voting for. They make up whatever they want. Nobody’s ever even heard. They adjudicate your vote. They say, “Well, we don’t think Trump wants to vote for Trump. We think he wants to vote for Biden. Put it down for Biden.” The national average for such an error rate is far less than 1% and yet you’re at 93%. ” The source of this astronomical error rate must be identified to determine if these machines were set up or destroyed to allow for a third party to disregard the actual ballot cast by the registered voter.”</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3704.09" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:01:44</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />The letter continues, “There is clear evidence that tens of thousands of votes were switched from President Trump to former Vice President Biden in several counties in Georgia. For example, in Bibb County, President Trump was reported to have 29, 391 votes at 9:11 PM Eastern time. While simultaneously Vice President Joe Biden was reported to have 17,213. Minutes later, just minutes, at the next update, these <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">vote numbers switched with President Trump going way down</strong></em> to 17,000 and Biden going way up to 29,391.” And that was very quick, a 12,000 vote switch, all in Mr. Biden’s favor.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3751.91" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:02:31</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />So, I mean, I could go on and on about this fraud that took place in every state and all of these legislatures want this back. I don’t want to do it to you because I love you and it’s freezing out here, but I could just go on forever. I can tell you this…</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Speaker 1: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3772.27" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:02:52</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />We love you. We love you. We love you. We love you. We love you. We love you. We love you. We love you.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3783.71" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:03:03</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />So when you hear, when you hear, “While there is no evidence to prove any wrongdoing,” this is the most fraudulent thing anybody’s… This is a criminal enterprise. This is a criminal enterprise and the press will say, and I’m sure they won’t put any of that on there because that’s no good, do you ever see, “While there is no evidence to back President Trump’s assertion,” I could go on for another hour reading this stuff to you and telling you about it. There’s never been anything like it. Think about it, Detroit had more votes than it had voters. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Pennsylvania had 205,000 more votes</strong></em> than it had more, but you don’t have to go any… Between that, I think that’s almost better than dead people, if you think, right? More votes than they had voters, and many other States are also.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3836.62" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:03:56</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />It’s a disgrace that the United States of America, tens of millions of people are allowed to go vote without so much as even showing <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">identification</strong></em>. In no state is there any question or effort made to verify the identity, citizenship, residency, or eligibility of the votes cast. The Republicans have to get tougher. You’re not going to have a Republican party if you don’t get tougher. They want to play so straight, they want to play so, “Sir, yes, the United States, the constitution doesn’t allow me to send them back to the States.” Well, I say, “Yes, it does because the constitution says you have to protect our country and you have to protect our constitution and you can’t vote on fraud,” and fraud breaks up everything, doesn’t it? When you catch somebody in a fraud, you’re allowed to go by very different rules. So I hope Mike has the courage to do what he has to do. And I hope he doesn’t listen to the RINOs <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">(Republicans in Name Only)</em> and the stupid people that he’s listening to. It is also widely understood that the voter rolls are crammed full of non-citizens, felons and people who have moved out of state and individuals who are otherwise ineligible to vote. Yet Democrats oppose every effort to clean up their voter rolls. They don’t want to clean them up, they are loaded. And how many people here know other people that when the hundreds of thousands and then millions of ballots got sent out, got three, four, five, six, and I heard one who got seven ballots. And then they say, “You didn’t quite make it, sir.” We won. We won in a landslide. This was a landslide.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3943.52" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:05:43</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />They said, “It’s not American to challenge the election.” This is the most corrupt election in the history, maybe of the world. You know, you could go third world countries, but I don’t think they had hundreds of thousands of votes and they don’t have voters for them. I mean, no matter where you go, nobody would think this. In fact, it’s so egregious, it’s so bad, that a lot of people don’t even believe it. It’s so crazy that people don’t even believe it. It can’t be true. So they don’t believe it. This is not just a matter of domestic politics, this is a matter of national security. So today, in addition to challenging the certification of the election, I’m calling on Congress and the state legislatures to quickly pass sweeping election reforms, and you better do it before we have no country left. Today is not the end. It’s just the beginning.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=3997.74" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:06:37</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />With your help over the last four years, we built the greatest political movement in the history of our country and nobody even challenges that. I say that over and over, and I never get challenged by the fake news, and they challenge almost everything we say. But our fight against the big donors, big media, big tech and others is just getting started. This is the greatest in history. There’s never been a movement like that. You look back there all the way to the Washington Monument. It’s hard to believe. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">We must stop the steal</strong></em> and then we must ensure that such outrageous election fraud never happens again, can never be allowed to happen again, but we’re going forward. We’ll take care of going forward. We got to take care of going back. Don’t let them talk, “Okay, well we promise,” I’ve had a lot of people, “Sir, you’re at 96% for four years.” I said, “I’m not interested right now. I’m interested in right there.”</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4053.34" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:07:33</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />With your help we will finally pass powerful requirements for voter ID. You need an ID to cash your check. You need an ID to go to a bank, to buy alcohol, to drive a car. Every person should need to show an ID in order to cast your most important thing, a vote. We will also require proof of American citizenship in order to vote in American elections. We just had a good victory in court on that one, actually. We will ban ballot harvesting and prohibit the use of unsecured drop boxes to commit rampant fraud. These drop boxes are fraudulent. There for, they get… They disappear and then all of a sudden they show up. It’s fraudulent. We will stop the practice of universal, unsolicited mail-in balloting. We will clean up the voter rolls that ensure that every single person who cast a vote is a citizen of our country, a resident of the state in which they vote and their vote is cast in a lawful and honest manner. We will restore the vital civic tradition of in-person voting on election day so that voters can be fully informed when they make their choice. We will finally hold big tech accountable and if these people had courage and guts, they would get rid of Section 230, something that no other company, no other person in America, in the world, has.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4150.54" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:09:10</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />All of these tech monopolies are going to abuse their power and interfere in our elections and it has to be stopped and the Republicans have to get a lot tougher and so should the Democrats. They should be regulated, investigated and brought to justice under the fullest extent of the law. They’re totally breaking the law. Together we will drain the Washington swamp and we will clean up the corruption in our nation’s capital. We have done a big job on it, but you think it’s easy, it’s a dirty business. It’s a dirty business. You have a lot of bad people out there. Despite everything we’ve been through, looking out all over this country and seeing fantastic crowds, although this I think is our all time record. I think you have 250, 000 people. 250,000.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4205.24" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:10:05</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Looking out at all the amazing patriots here today, I have never been more confident in our nation’s future. Well, I have to say we have to be a little bit careful. That’s a nice statement, but we have to be a little careful with that statement. If we allow this group of people to illegally take over our country, because it’s illegal when the votes are illegal, when the way they got there is illegal, when the States that vote are given false and fraudulent information. We are the greatest country on earth and we are headed, and were headed, in the right direction. You know, the wall is built, we’re doing record numbers at the wall. Now they want to take down the wall. Let’s let everyone flow in. Let’s let everybody flow in.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4252.49" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:10:52</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />We did a great job in the wall. Remember the wall? They said it could never be done. One of the largest infrastructure projects we’ve ever had in this country and it’s had a tremendous impact and we got rid of catch and release, we got rid of all of the stuff that we had to live with. But now the caravans, they think Biden’s getting in, the caravans are forming again. They want to come in again and rip off our country. Can’t let it happen. As this enormous crowd shows, we have truth and justice on our side. We have a deep and enduring love for America in our hearts. We love our country. We have overwhelming pride in this great country, and we have it deep in our souls. Together we are determined to defend and preserve government of the people, by the people and for the people.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4304.84" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:11:44</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Our brightest days are before us, our greatest achievements still wait. I think one of our great achievements will be election security because nobody until I came along, had any idea how corrupt our elections were. And again, most people would stand there at 9:00 in the evening and say, “I want to thank you very much,” and they go off to some other life, but I said, “Something’s wrong here. Something’s really wrong. Can’t have happened.” And we fight. We fight like Hell and if you don’t fight like Hell, you’re not going to have a country anymore.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4341" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:12:21</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />Our exciting adventures and boldest endeavors have not yet begun. My fellow Americans for our movement, for our children and for our beloved country and I say this, despite all that’s happened, the best is yet to come.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4363.61" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:12:43</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />So we’re going to, we’re going to walk down Pennsylvania Avenue, I love Pennsylvania Avenue, and we’re going to the Capitol and we’re going to try and give… The Democrats are hopeless. They’re never voting for anything, not even one vote. But we’re going to try and give our Republicans, the weak ones, because the strong ones don’t need any of our help, we’re going to try and give them the kind of pride and boldness that they need to take back our country.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Donald Trump: (<a href="https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/7Nw_aFgSCwkywakGftVXzVw6NTJEvtBTeS6rNigOo221hgTCjvDEnf_zvai7Hv5hmGYuImOca6TjcP2GuV0K1i_9pOY?loadFrom=PastedDeeplink&ts=4399.66" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">01:13:19</a>)<br style="box-sizing: border-box; content: " "; display: block; margin: 10px 0px;" />So let’s walk down Pennsylvania Avenue. I want to thank you all. God bless you and God bless America. Thank you all for being here, this is incredible. Thank you very much. Thank you.</p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">A</span><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-8966600873016553002020-12-31T15:16:00.006-08:002021-01-09T05:33:58.409-08:00Brexit, Giscard and half a Billion citizens denied Democracy<p> <em style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: small;">1, January, 2021</em></p><div class="content-content content-single" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;"><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: right; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-top: 10px;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-9071 alignright" height="300" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/480px-Vale%CC%81ry_Giscard_dEstaing_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_fe%CC%81vrier_2015-200x300.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/480px-Valéry_Giscard_dEstaing_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_février_2015-200x300.jpg 200w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/480px-Valéry_Giscard_dEstaing_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_février_2015-320x480.jpg 320w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/480px-Valéry_Giscard_dEstaing_par_Claude_Truong-Ngoc_février_2015.jpg 480w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="200" />Half a billion people are denied democracy. How can they fix it?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In December 2020, Brexit reached its multi-thousand page <a href="https://ec.europa.eu/info/european-union-and-united-kingdom-forging-new-partnership/publications-and-news/documents-related-work-task-force-relations-united-kingdom_en?" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">paroxysm.</a> The documents, covering not just trade but identity, travel and nuclear war, have never been seen by Britons or by Continental Europeans. <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">They will dominate our future for years ahead.</strong></em> Nearly every aspect of life will be dictated by these unseen bureaucratic inventions.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Behind this seizure of power by bureaucrats, lie years of deceit and duplicity by European leaders, subverting the most precious aspects of Europe’s newly gained heritage: <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">democracy and peace</strong></em>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That same month of December, Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, the draftsman the Constitutional Treaty, died at the age of 94 years. After having served as minister of finance under General de Gaulle, he had been, at 48 years, the youngest president of France in the tumultuous 1970s.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Among a life of many political milestones, what should be considered his greatest achievement? What does it tell us about Brexit?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard typifies why Brexit happened. He shows the main problem facing Europeans in 2021. Open Democracy was systematically buried by politicians. They saw themselves as <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2014/08/27/euro12-european-council-defies-ombudsman-over-rigging-of-eu-fiscal-pact/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">patricians of their own politburo</em></span></a>. Taxpayers’ pennies became their <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2010/11/02/budget2-european-council-president-van-rompuy-and-commission-president-barroso-declare-they-refuse-to-comply-to-lisbon-treaty-on-public-access-and-public-money/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">personal pocket money</a>. They wanted to net it and spend it as they wished. They wanted to decide how in private. A <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2011/11/15/budget10-the-eu-cartels-dirty-trillion-euro-game-of-hide-and-seek-with-taxpayers-money/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">trillion euros</a> to boot!</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard should be remembered as the co-author of the Constitutional Treaty, the antidemocratic forerunner of the Lisbon Treaty. He is also, surprisingly, the Statesman who exposed the hypocrisy and the legal Black Hole of the Lisbon Treaty. The change from a Community system of <a href="http://schuman.info/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Robert Schuman</a> to a neo-Gaullist system involved the destruction of fundamental human rights legislation and the ultimate exclusion of the United Kingdom from its secret councils.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It can be called a <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">conspiracy against democracy</strong></em>. Giscard willingly participated and unwittingly exposed the fraud to the public in widely published syndicated press articles.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Post Brexit Pact</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The UK-EU 1246 page agreement and its hundreds of ancillary documents actually uncover the fundamental question of European democracy that Giscard tried to hide.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It is deep down there.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">What do Europeans mean by Democracy? Schuman designed <a href="http://schuman.info/supra5.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">five institutions</a> to articulate this.</em></strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Europeans need to fire them up to work again.</em></strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Community System</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The aim of the <a href="http://schuman.info/proppurp.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Community system</a> was to stop war. No more, no less. First duty is to identify those people who want to make a profit from war. They shamelessly made money from spilt blood.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Then, secondly, identify the key sector. Schuman had made a deep analysis of coal and steel cartels who were also the Masters of the arms trade. They created an <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2015/04/28/cartel1-world-war-slaughter-and-europes-longest-peace/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">arms race</a> at the turn of the century that led to World War One. They controlled major banks.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">These and other international cartels made profits from WW2.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Schuman’s first Community created democratic institutions that brought such maleficent masters of war before criminal justice. It worked. War between Community Member States stopped in 1951 with the approval of the Treaty of Paris.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Further Communities were created to avoid <a href="http://schuman.info/euratom.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">atomic war</a> and trade war.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Key Sectors</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Note that the Community system is focused on an economic sector that has these lethal properties. It does not attempt to create a Constitution for Europe. It does not attempt to control people or governments. It provides instruments for the people to stop having internal, fraternal wars.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/01/giscard-brexit-and-half-a-billion-people-denied-democracy/rs-borehole-of-energy/" rel="attachment wp-att-9087" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-9087" height="237" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/RS-borehole-of-energy-300x237.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/RS-borehole-of-energy-300x237.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/RS-borehole-of-energy.jpg 482w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a>The positive result is that cross-border trade, innovation and specialisation can flourish. This provides an economic boost to the economy like no other measure.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Note: the Community system:</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">deals with one agreed sector at a time,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">provides open, democratic institutions to agree to management.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">It is not a top-down system,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">nor does it create a United States of Europe based on government control. Nation States retain their sovereignty. People boost their freedoms.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Plot to destroy the Community of Europe</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Who were its enemies? Who opposed the Community system of democratic cooperation in Europe?</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/02/20/eu-budget-fails-the-people-uk-fails-agriculture-policy/de-gaulle-europe-cest-moi/" rel="attachment wp-att-8576" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-8576 alignright" height="185" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/02/De-Gaulle-Europe-cest-moi-300x185.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/02/De-Gaulle-Europe-cest-moi-300x185.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/02/De-Gaulle-Europe-cest-moi-768x473.png 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/02/De-Gaulle-Europe-cest-moi-779x480.png 779w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/02/De-Gaulle-Europe-cest-moi.png 961w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a>Nationalists</strong> who said that no foreigner should influence their glorious national policy.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Gaullists</strong> who belong to the above category with the exception that de Gaulle should run the Continent, freed of so-called Anglo-Saxons, as its new Charlemagne. </li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Federalists,</strong> idealist dreamers, who wanted to create a Federal United States of Europe in spite of centuries of history that showed that the European people would not vote for a new Constitution that replaced all their history and past achievements. Why was there support for the scheme for a European Constitution? Historically many plans were formulated over a millennium or more. All failed. The leaders wanted power. They forgot the people.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Fourthly were E<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">uroCommunists</strong> who wanted to see a victory of the USSR over the USA. They could then set up a dictatorship of the European proletariat. They would be the new elite Politburo who would both rule and set up the new institutions of government. They would exclude both the Community system and the Council of Europe’s Human Rights Court.<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/01/giscard-brexit-and-half-a-billion-people-denied-democracy/20060518pht08376_original-1/" rel="attachment wp-att-9067" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-9067 alignright" height="242" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/20060518PHT08376_original-1-300x242.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/20060518PHT08376_original-1-300x242.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/20060518PHT08376_original-1.jpg 477w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a> <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/05/20/altiero-spinelli-false-father-of-a-fraudulent-eu-federation/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Altiero Spinelli</a> was the most vocal euroCommunist activist. Spinelli’s ‘<a href="https://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=IM-PRESS&reference=20060518STO08373&format=XML&language=EN" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">anti-fascist</a>‘ plans have all the attributes of Communist disinformation. They would block Europe’s growth for generations and allow the USSR to catch up. What would the USSR desire most? Remove the economic motor of Europe, the EEC Common Market treaty, and replace it with something that obviously would not work, something that had been proved not to work for centuries. Remove Europe’s defensive mechanism in the Coal and Steel Community and Euratom. Block any criticism of ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">dialectic materialism</em>‘ by reducing the Human Rights Convention to oblivion. Then Communist influence could spread from USSR-occupied East Germany and elsewhere and assert its power across all the Continent. That was Spinelli’s deceitful message. The Federalists were his ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">useful idealists’</em>.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">This was the plot for centralising power that was foisted on politicians starting with the 1986 <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2018/11/20/austrias-fake-history-aggravates-brexit-problems/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Maastricht treaty</a>. PM Margaret Thatcher later regretted she was fooled by these ideologues. She wanted a broader single market. They wanted top-down control via back-room, non-Community institutions dealing with Home and Foreign policies.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Limits to Delusion</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">A <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Constitution for Europe</em> was then cooked up in the 1990s. It appealed to the vanity of many political leaders. The newly minted ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Summit</em>‘ conference gave them a role and celebrity they did not have in the Community system. Like moths around a candle, they loved the bright lights of the TV cameras. They wanted to make their Summits permanent.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Many leaders supported some form of ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">United States of Europe’</em> where they, the leaders, ensconced in a ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Council</em>‘, would decide the fate of the Continent.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">How would it run? They didn’t know. Valery Giscard d’Estaing was given this dossier.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">But such an inflexible constitution for Europe based on turning the people to serfs, obedient to their whims was doomed to fail. Giscard saw that expanding a national Constitution into a European one would not fly. France often changed its constitutions. Each time they had a referendum. But he knew that could not happen for all the Continent simultaneously. No Constitution plan of his would win the approval of all the people.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Hence he tried a different tactic, a treaty. Politicians tried to camouflage it. It was to be a Constitutional <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">Treaty</span></em>. Giscard was immediate and direct to debunk any illusion about it being a ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Constitution</em>.’</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">It is a treaty, like other treaties. Constitutional is an adjective</em>.’ he said repeatedly. Legally it was like the Nice and Amsterdam treaties before it. The deception was in the name.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Genius of Schuman</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/01/giscard-brexit-and-half-a-billion-people-denied-democracy/rs-e-duties-16-may-49-strsbg/" rel="attachment wp-att-9072" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9072 alignright" height="348" sizes="(max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/RS-E-Duties-16-May-49-Strsbg-300x277.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/RS-E-Duties-16-May-49-Strsbg-300x277.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/RS-E-Duties-16-May-49-Strsbg.jpg 498w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="377" /></a>Over a lifetime, Robert Schuman, the greatest political thinker of our time, analysed all these top-down plans. He saw why centuries of previous plans had all failed. They prioritised the means to give the maximum of power to the leaders. Schuman thought the freedom of individuals and their ability to fight corruption of leaders should be the first consideration.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2018/01/09/eu70-europes-triple-birthday-of-democracy-customs-union-and-defence/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">1948 his government</a> in France suggested something entirely different — a European Community founded on the rights of individuals and human rights. It reflects the natural law, not power politics.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2012/11/07/supra2-after-60-years-france-releases-europes-foundational-charter-of-supranational-democracy/eur-charter4-2/" rel="attachment wp-att-9101" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-9101" height="287" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1-300x287.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1-300x287.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1-502x480.jpg 502w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2012/11/Eur-Charter4-1.jpg 679w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a>The foundational document all national governments signed was to affirm that the Community was only open to countries where people were ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">free to choose</strong></em>‘.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That <a href="http://www.schuman.info/EuropeDeclaration.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Charter of Interdependence</a> is Europe’s Magna Carta.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">He proved he was right in practice.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In the postwar atmosphere where all politicians, think tanks and diplomats thought wars and destruction would continually break Europe again in pieces, he carefully put forward a Plan the like of which the world had never seen before. It allowed two parts of Germany to reunify in peace. It kept the Communists, their fraudulent ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">People’s Democracies</em>‘ and the USSR at arm’s length.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Europe enjoyed its longest period of peace and prosperity — ever.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Unlike all other plans, Schuman started with human rights.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">EuroCommunist strategy</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That proved the inadequacy of all previous, top-down plans. They were all shown to be impossible. Schuman called them all utopias, after the work of the Sir Thomas More. They assumed the leaders knew the way of peace. But they too were often corrupt and criminal. The rest had self-deceiving ignorance and egotism.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">So what did Europe’s enemies do when the European Community not only created a peace system but the greatest prosperity they had seen in history? What happened to the Communists long-laid plans to occupy all of Continent rather than just bite off half of Germany and all of Eastern Europe?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Communists joined with ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">idealists</em>‘ to persuade European politicians to take up a failed scheme that gave them more power. Thus they would expend their energies on a scheme that centuries of history had proved impossible: controlling the excesses of human nature.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Communist parties in the West decided that if they could frustrate growth in the West and with the Communist capture of East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania they could call on the power of the Soviet Union to do the rest.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Thus they joined forces with the utopian ‘Federalists’ to create a Constitution. After all, isn’t that how all nations asserted themselves on the world scene.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The plan of the EuroCommunists like Altiero Spinelli was designed to distract and diverge this movement in Western European plan to build peace and prosperity, based on Schuman’s European Community system.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Successful Foundation</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">There were three Communities that dealt with stopping wars:</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Coal and Steel Community, 1951</strong></em> that allowed energy and steel resources to be used for legitimate defence and hauled industrial cartels that created the Arms Rings that led to World War One and Two.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Euratom</strong></em>, 1957, that made an internal atomic war impossible in the Community Member States, and help create energy independence.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Economic Community, 1957,</strong></em> that with its Customs Union outlawed a Trade War between Member States.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Communists (the largest party in the French and Italian parliaments) working with nationalists saw that other such Communities were stopped. That included:</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2013/02/21/elysee2-horsemeat-fraud-and-de-gaulle%e2%80%99s-cuckoo/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Agricultural Community</a></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2013/02/21/elysee2-horsemeat-fraud-and-de-gaulle%e2%80%99s-cuckoo/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Defence Community</a>,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="http://schuman.info/proppurp.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Political Community</a>,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/07/20/ech1-schumans-european-health-community-would-have-rescued-europe-from-todays-covid-19-disaster/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Health Community</a>.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In spite the success of the first three communities, the federalists and the Communists drew together for support so that they should create something different. Both wanted a top-down approach, a <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Politburo</em></strong>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">For that they needed an apparatus that froze out the Council of Europe and its Human Rights for the citizens.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Look! No Poliburo!</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">All the above seven Communities were democratic. They all had one thing in common compared with the perverse plans of Gaullists, nationalists and Communists.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">None of the Communities ever had any institution equivalent to a centralising <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2009/11/05/commission-debate17-the-lisbon-treaty-%e2%80%93-europe%e2%80%99s-giant-leap-into-the-19th-century/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Council</a> or a <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2009/11/05/commission-debate17-the-lisbon-treaty-%E2%80%93-europe%E2%80%99s-giant-leap-into-the-19th-century/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">secretive conference</a> of Heads of State and Government.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">There was good reason why.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Power-hungry politicians saw things differently. They asked: <span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><i>where is the means where I can direct the levers of power according to my plans and my ideology? </i><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">The Community is based on pragmatism, experimental wisdom. Centralising politicians and federalists want to engineer the population to fit their own preconceived ideology.</span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">At the end of this road was a cul-de-sac called their Constitution.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That road led to both Hitler’s Reich and also the Dictatorship of the Proletariat by the USSR Communist Party. Europeans should have had more sense.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Laeken Lark</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/01/giscard-brexit-and-half-a-billion-people-denied-democracy/screen-shot-2020-12-30-at-21-54-05/" rel="attachment wp-att-9092" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9092 alignright" height="328" sizes="(max-width: 334px) 100vw, 334px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-30-at-21.54.05-300x294.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-30-at-21.54.05-300x294.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/Screen-Shot-2020-12-30-at-21.54.05.png 429w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="334" /></a>The people should not listen uncritically to the conference communique of government politicians. For free people to allow such self-appointed leaders to claim undefined authority in another sphere is a big mistake.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It was not the way the Communities were fashioned. Goals and means were defined in open debate in the Council of Europe and other European institutions that Schuman had had a hand in forming.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">In 2001, the ‘Heads of State and Governments’ — a Gaullist invention — met behind closed doors at Laeken, Belgium. The 75-year old Giscard was chosen by the federalist Belgian Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt and his colleagues to lead.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard had grand ideas. He was not a popular choice.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Reality eventually dawned on the project framers. A Constitution requires not only a document but public assent. No State was willing to give up its own national powers and subjugate its history to destruction by others. Some were formerly enemies. No State was willing to renounce its own constitution to be a cog in a European one.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Neither the governments nor the peoples were ready for such a move. No one in Europe saw the faintest hope of all the people of Europe assenting to any such document in a public referendum.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Treaty Fraud</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">So they changed the target. They created a fraud. They decided to create top-down control by subterfuge. They would use the same method that Schuman had used to obtain the three Communities: treaty negotiation.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Unfortunately for them it was legally and operational unsuitable to create a Constitution. For a start, a Community was subject to the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Strasbourg Court of Human Rights</strong></em>. Schuman designed that to protect individual citizens from such political abuse. A treaty requires popular assent.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard was forced to turn the ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Constitution</em>‘ into a ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">treaty</em>‘. A re-write of the EEC would demolish it and replace it by a take-over text.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Would this pass public scrutiny?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">No. The French rejected it. Then the Dutch did the same with more force. The line-up of Member States ending with the UK looked likely to do the same. So the leaders called for a pause in the referendums.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Reaction of the ‘democratic’ leaders?</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">So what did Giscard think of ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">government of the people by the people and for the people</em>‘?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">The rejection of the Constitutional treaty by voters in France was a mistake that should be corrected,</em>‘ Giscard declared, in London of all places on 28 February 2006.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">He said that a second attempt at forcing it through should be made after the French elections of 2007, disdainful of the fact that other countries had or were about to vote it down. This is a typical Gaullist idea that treats the less-populated countries as ‘children’ needing France’s guidance.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">As for countries with larger populations like United Kingdom, should any one let them have a referendum? Everyone knew the result in advance.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The European Council Con</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">European leaders were not willing to let a further promotion to their power over the people go away. So behind closed doors again, they decided they would keep the condemned ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Constitutional Treaty</em>‘ but give it another name.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">They would also disguise its shape. They presented something that did not look like a Constitution or a Treaty. It was plain gibberish. It was a list of amendments to the already existing EEC treaty. ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Remove the first sentence in the third paragraph and replace it with the following… etc’</em></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">A document that no one could understand! It was a deliberate policy. Those who authored it said so. And there would be <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">no referendums</strong></em> if that could be prevented.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">What did the new treaty — the present Lisbon Treaties — look like when it was presented to the public in 2007? It would be a list of <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2010/09/13/five-years-on-plan-d-is-needed-more-than-ever-democracy-dialogue-and-debate/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">disjointed amendments</a> to the existing EEC treaty.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">People protested.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It made no difference.<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2017/11/27/2-jaccuse-history-condemns-brussels-liars-and-fakers/lisbon-irish-poster-95/" rel="attachment wp-att-7484" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-7484 alignright" height="300" sizes="(max-width: 198px) 100vw, 198px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/11/Lisbon-Irish-Poster-95-198x300.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/11/Lisbon-Irish-Poster-95-198x300.jpg 198w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/11/Lisbon-Irish-Poster-95.jpg 307w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="198" /></a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Irish insisted on a referendum.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Horror of horrors.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">They voted <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">NO</strong></em>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It made no difference.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">They were told to vote again until they said Yes.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Other Europeans who were fiercely against it were ignored. Prominent among the Resistance were the British. A referendum for them was ruled out. Why? Giscard knew the answer. Both to why a referendum should be ruled out and what the answer would be if they had one.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The British government tried to clamp down on any decisive public voice on the incomprehensible draft. They had enough of a majority to prevent it going any further. Unlike the Irish, there was no constitutional right to have a referendum if some autocrat wanted to change centuries-old custom and tradition. Parliament dictated the outcome. And independent MPs had now been bridled by the party ‘whips’.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Other Member States used their parliamentary majorities to force the unpopular, undemocratic Lisbon Treaty through without asking the people. The Hungarians, for one, did it so rapidly practically before they had received the treaty in Hungarian.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">So the Lisbon Treaty was not only the twin of the Constitutional Treaty that had been rejected but it was forced into being by <a href="http://schuman.info/Lisbon.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">underhand, undemocratic methods</a>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That makes it is obvious why the Community system is different. It is democratic. The EU is not. The Community does not have a European Council as part of its institutions.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Imagine, the politicians in the European Council, acting as usual, behind closed doors, deciding that they should bring in a dictatorship of a new de Gaulle or a new Napoleon. Maybe the German government was led by someone who admired Hitler. He had strong-armed the other less powerful States to follow his lead. De Gaulle tried to bring in such a system by changing the European Commission into a political secretariat. His Fouchet Plan failed.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Once politicians agree in private they act like a cartel and spread mischief. As all the government leaders in the European Council must by definition have a majority in their own parliaments, they could get them all to agree to such a proposition. National democrats would be told (as they were in fact), ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">you must pass this because it has been democratically decided in the (secret) European Council, with our other democracies</em>.’</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">So Europe ends up with a pseudo-democratic dictatorship.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Without such a secret political cartel-like European Council, the European Community was able to deal with the problems of economic cartels. But who knows who was influencing various heads of government? Their party or they themselves might be politically beholden to a lobbyist group, or even a power like Chinese Communists. An economic or financial cartel may control or blackmail the political cartel.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">A political cartel is called a Politburo.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">No Referendum, Brexit neutralised</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Then Giscard let the cat out of the bag.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/01/giscard-brexit-and-half-a-billion-people-denied-democracy/vge-article-on-lt/" rel="attachment wp-att-9104" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9104 alignright" height="314" sizes="(max-width: 428px) 100vw, 428px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-article-on-LT-300x221.jpeg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-article-on-LT-300x221.jpeg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-article-on-LT-768x565.jpeg 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-article-on-LT-1024x753.jpeg 1024w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-article-on-LT-653x480.jpeg 653w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="428" /></a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard admitted that the Constitutional treaty had been written by politicians alone. They came from the European Parliament, national parliaments and governments. No mention of ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ordinary people</em>‘.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">He wrote: ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">The resulting draft constitution was a new text and <span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">replaced</span> all previous treaties.</em>‘</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That was exactly the aim of the EuroCommunists and other politicians who favoured a top down Politburo to rule Europe, rather than a broad democracy of free people.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">But the Constitutional Treaty was <span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration-line: underline;">brought down by the people</span>. How did this corpse get revived? Giscard was quite frank. It was less the politicians themselves but the bureaucrats, the lick-spittle, unaccountable plotters inside the European Council.</p><blockquote style="background-color: white; border-left: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; color: #6f6f6f; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.75px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 10.5px 21px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">‘For the Treaty of Lisbon the process has been very different. It was the legal experts of the European Council who were charged with drafting the new text. They have taken the original draft constitution, blown it apart into separate elements, and then attached them, one by one, to existing treaties. The treaty of Lisbon is thus a catalogue of amendments.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px;">It is impenetrable for the public.’</p></blockquote><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">He added:</p><blockquote style="background-color: white; border-left: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; color: #6f6f6f; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.75px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 10.5px 21px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px;">‘There are, however, some differences. Firstly the noun “constitution” and the adjective “constitutional” have been banished from the text, as though they describe something that is inadmissible.’</p></blockquote><figure class="wp-caption alignright" id="attachment_6222" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(240, 240, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; float: right; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; max-width: 300px; padding: 0px 0px 5px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2015/06/04/carta1-do-flags-fly-high-a-decade-after-europeans-referendums-said-no/drapeaux-europeens-devant-le-berlaymont/" rel="attachment wp-att-6222" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-6222 size-medium" height="135" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2015/06/EU-flags-at-Berlaymont-300x135.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2015/06/EU-flags-at-Berlaymont-300x135.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2015/06/EU-flags-at-Berlaymont.jpg 665w" style="border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" width="300" /></a><figcaption class="wp-caption-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; line-height: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 5px 4px;">European flags bedeck the Berlaymont</figcaption></figure><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">All mention of the symbols of the EU had been suppressed, including the flag and the European anthem. This was done because the British among others objected that the aim was to create a European State. The effect of this ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">suppression</em>‘ was more theoretical than practical as we can see today.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Obvious No</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard concludes by saying the changes in the Lisbon Treaty and the Constitutional Treaty that he fathered are minimal.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">But when the public had a half a chance to give their opinion at the perversion of democratic justice, the treaties were rejected. So Giscard is making a plain admission that the European political class is trying to ‘<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">fool the people</em></strong>.’</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2021/01/01/giscard-brexit-and-half-a-billion-people-denied-democracy/vge-lt-ct-amends-eec-2/" rel="attachment wp-att-9047" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9047 alignright" height="256" sizes="(max-width: 319px) 100vw, 319px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-LT-CT-amends-EEC-300x242.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-LT-CT-amends-EEC-300x242.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/12/VGE-LT-CT-amends-EEC.png 560w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="319" /></a>Why were no referendums allowed when the Lisbon Treaty was forced through parliaments controlled by these unscrupulous political cartels?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Giscard is also quite frank. It was to stop the United Kingdom having a referendum on the Treaty itself. That would sink the whole project because everyone knew the British with their traditions of democracy would not stomach it. So the British would have to forgo their promised referendum. And so would everyone else (except the irascible Irish who would be told to vote twice or more until they agreed.)</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The voice of the people cannot be bottled up for ever. The British never got their referendum on the obnoxious Lisbon Treaty. They got one on something totally different. That was Article 50 of the Treaty. But that is invalid because a referendum cannot be held on article in an <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">illegitimate</strong></em> treaty. The treaty itself requires a referendum to activate it. Without it the treaty cannot be recognized in constitutional law.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The End of Democratic Europe?</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Is the exit of the United Kingdom the end of British participation in European democracy?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2017/10/06/democracy-will-burst-the-brexit-bubble-letter-to-eu-commission/dont-brexit-f-cover/" rel="attachment wp-att-7374" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-7374" height="300" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-F-Cover-200x300.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-F-Cover-200x300.jpg 200w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-F-Cover-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-F-Cover-683x1024.jpg 683w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-F-Cover-320x480.jpg 320w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="200" /></a>Not at all. We have just reached the intermediate step, the painful and avoidable intermediate step, foreseen in the book: <a href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Dont-Brexit-David-Heilbron-Price/dp/1365628914/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=don%27t+Brexit%2C+fix&qid=1609445505&sr=8-1" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Don’t Brexit, Fix it!</em></strong></a> Copies of a version of this book were given to Prime Ministers Theresa May and Boris Johnson as well as the French and German leasers and President von der Leyen of the European Commission.</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Brussels needs to have open government as the treaties actually say.</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">The British need to act as democrats when they cross the Channel and not go along with autocratic neo-Gaullism.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Written in 2016 just after the illicit 23 June referendum, the book says that Europeans have two alternative paths. They can enter a long period of ‘<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Painful Negotiation first</em>‘. Or they can clarify Human Rights issues first. Treaties need to be openly analysed and discussed by the independent Council of Europe. All Community treaties were. Europeans need to reassert their Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in the Strasbourg Court of Human Rights.</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Is secret government, installed against the public voice legitimate?</strong></em></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Are several thousand pages of the post-Brexit pact, dumped on the public on 24 December 2020 legitimate?</strong></em></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Should the public be able to decide on these papers which will affect not only all trade but every aspect of their lives?</strong></em></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Who will be the judge and jury of all these thousands of outcomes?</strong></em></li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">This is precisely the reason Robert Schuman initiated the Council of Europe — to safeguard Europeans from autocrats.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It was a Frenchman, Jacques Abbadie who wrote in 1684:</p><blockquote style="background-color: white; border-left: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; color: #6f6f6f; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18.75px; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 10.5px 21px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">One can fool some people, or fool all in some places and times, but one cannot fool all people in all places and ages.</strong></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><div><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-75587273871899220582020-12-18T06:08:00.009-08:002021-06-27T15:46:50.337-07:002020: the year Democracy almost died. And 2021?<p><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">The</span><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"> </span><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2019/09/22/the-dictated-democracy-of-the-von-der-leyen-commission/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: none;">von der Leyen</a><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Commission announced that in 2020 they would hold a conference on the Future of Europe.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">We are still waiting.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Meanwhile <a href="http://schuman.info/democracy.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">democracy</a> is dying.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Will it be revived in 2021?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">That depends on a lot of things, not all of them European.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: 15px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNckgVsj3T5Ve0tS7p5xgxdWrRp6kRJIyGimiG6O338Qp_WExBijFrLYth9WkN2-sQBSMBcYZjMtPdQi7mBvoBwOijVCtSph7asGcpGQNroryRdCC5_kWC0DW2mx_fZ9QkA2aVBNXRcV2/s624/US+Election+ballot+dumps.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="296" data-original-width="624" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNckgVsj3T5Ve0tS7p5xgxdWrRp6kRJIyGimiG6O338Qp_WExBijFrLYth9WkN2-sQBSMBcYZjMtPdQi7mBvoBwOijVCtSph7asGcpGQNroryRdCC5_kWC0DW2mx_fZ9QkA2aVBNXRcV2/w400-h190/US+Election+ballot+dumps.png" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br />In the USA, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPNs5dyqOBs" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">blatant fraud</a> occurred in the presidential elections. In five or more key States, massive dumps of Biden ballots were recorded in the dead of night. Ballot observers had been banned or had been sent home. Dead men, even dead cats had voted! How? A flood of mail-in votes had been sent out based on very dubious electoral lists. Millions were returned in signed envelopes.</span><p></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Then, curiously, the main US media kept repeating that such accusations by thousands of observers – in sworn affidavits – were unsubstantiated. Was the press showing extraordinary apathy or <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2019/05/09/fake-news-and-stealth-coups-in-us-and-europe/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">partisanship</a>?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; font-size: 15px; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKo9MHaeJAVs7uvQz00XclR0DJoGOBmtZfW3vzXzaOirtyoteJYyTeUeXY0-B32lmfibQHY_pHWClIeqE7HYjLwQhAnAJ14bRUnHR4YDcTdtSXb9w3fUzErIt5lwwr7ZB6p1vwW2S1dsXM/s1290/US+Election+Fraud+Navarro+Rpt.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="724" data-original-width="1290" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKo9MHaeJAVs7uvQz00XclR0DJoGOBmtZfW3vzXzaOirtyoteJYyTeUeXY0-B32lmfibQHY_pHWClIeqE7HYjLwQhAnAJ14bRUnHR4YDcTdtSXb9w3fUzErIt5lwwr7ZB6p1vwW2S1dsXM/w400-h225/US+Election+Fraud+Navarro+Rpt.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr></tbody></table><br />Journalists are required by any democracy to make a full investigation of allegations and report to the public. They are not supposed to freely distribute ‘Get out of Jail’ cards to politicians.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">And speaking of going to jail, the US Attorney General Bill Barr was widely criticised for sitting on evidence for corruption by the Biden family. Hunter Biden’s ‘<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HzHcw83v1Xs" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">laptop from Hell</a>’, as many including President Trump call it, is full of material indicating he was compromised by Communist China’s chief spy – in his own words – and other material of a disgusting criminal nature.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">What must be shocking is that so few journalists went out of their way to verify the authenticity of the laptop data. They were blocked from distributing the facts. The venerable <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">New York Post</em>, founded by Alexander Hamilton, had its reports banned on the internet.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">What does this mean?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Is massive corruption across the US political system an illusion? Or, as President Trump and much social media puts it, are politics and public money controlled by the <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/07/24/russia-how-spies-deceive-other-spies-and-you/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Swamp</a>, an interactive network of cartels, corruption and grime?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">So when we return our focus to Europe we find that much of this vital information is not being reported in the European press. Or the mention of the ‘Biden crime family’ only becomes reported after the election, when forced into the open. The shocking consequences of the news have past.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Investigative journalism has now fallen on the citizen’s shoulder. Through social media, everyone has the means to by-pass press censorship of the cartel of Info-Tech Giants, Amazon, Google, FaceBook, Apple, Microsoft and Twitter.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><a href="http://schuman.info/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Robert Schuman</a>, the founder of the <a href="http://schuman.info/supra5.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European Community</a>, warned that <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2017/12/13/cartels-end-fifty-years-of-european-foreign-policy-hypocrisy-and-blackmail/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">cartels</a> and such a network of bureaucrats with fixed ideological or corrupt intent posed the primary danger to <a href="http://schuman.info/democracy.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">European democracy</a>.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">So how is the EU faring?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">It seems to have closed its eyes to external threats. It treats the world as if it were full of Sunday School commercial friends. Hence Iran, which wishes to build an atomic bomb to threaten and devastate its enemies in the region, has become the great potential, petroleum pal. European exports to Iran will help boost industrialists’ profits.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">China, the once sleeping giant, has now shown its dragon teeth. Communism seems to be but a passing phase. The predominant geopolitical policy is to make the entire world recognise that and the Middle Kingdom of Xi Jinping. It requires world subservience to China’s intelligence and mastery. Two and a half millennia ago, Sun Tzu set its doctrine of winning by deception: Break the enemy’s resistance by infiltration without fighting. Today China has its ‘<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/04/06/eu-wake-up-call-unrestricted-warfare-book/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Unrestricted Warfare</a>’ doctrine.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">While 1.65 million people worldwide have died from the ‘<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">China virus</a>’, a mere 4634 have died of it among the 1.3 billion Chinese. Wuhan nightclubs thrive.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The western economy is thrashed. Experts predict the EU should expect more thrashing into 2021.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Frightened by the implications, many politicians do not wish to consider they were hit by a bio-weapon. A full analysis of the virus DNA and its enhanced transmission capability is still lacking for the public.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Where does the European citizen stand as we finish this memorable year? The British left in a Brexit huff because of the ever-deepening <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2014/05/14/elections1-sixty-years-of-democratic-deficit-and-electoral-manipulation/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Democratic Deficit</a>. The European Commission is now trying to modify and extend its control of the so-called Charter of Human Rights. Upside-down logic. This document was introduced to displace the Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of the Council of Europe. The ‘Charter’ was part of the Constitutional Treaty. The people of France and the Netherlands rejected them both. Then after the people’s rejection, the EU version of ‘Human Rights’ was imposed – without the people’s voice and in fact against it! The articles of the rejected treaty were all instituted as the Lisbon Treaty. No British referendum.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The Brussels bureaucrats seized the opportunity of the Covid 19 crisis to overturn the founding, sound money principle of the Budget. In the Community, the budget had to be balanced every year. Why? Because the borrower is slave to the lender. Today the EU budget is bloated by extra trillions of euros that will mortgage the future generations to debt slavery.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">How will 2021 turn out? Better or worse?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">We will find out in January when the US Electoral College votes are presented to Congress. The US presidency is not called by CNN or when Mme von der Leyen congratulates Mr Biden. The US Congress ultimately decides whether to call out electoral fraud and even restrain the cartels that set out to control our world.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Happy New Year!</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-34074673013755008442020-12-07T07:08:00.003-08:002020-12-08T01:16:27.412-08:00FIX IT! The Answer to the BREXIT Impasse!<p><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Boris Johnson was told in 2016. Did he listen?</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">He was given the book: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/BREXIT-Britains-Vision-Europe-Price/dp/1326780867" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Brexit and Britain’s Vision for Europe.</em></strong></a> It explains the difference between the <a href="schuman.info/supra5.htm" target="_blank">European Community</a>, a <a href="http://schuman.info/democracy.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">democratic</a> organisation of sovereign States for Europe, and the European Union, a centralising, closed-door operation created against public opinion as expressed in referendums and continually in the press.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Major repair of European Democracy is required. <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">FIX IT!</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><ol style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Fish Fraud</strong></li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2017/03/21/why-arent-eu-states-the-worlds-happiest-neo-gaullism/brexit-front-cover-8-2/" rel="attachment wp-att-7196" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-7196 alignright" height="302" sizes="(max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/03/Brexit-Front-Cover-8-200x300.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/03/Brexit-Front-Cover-8-200x300.jpg 200w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/03/Brexit-Front-Cover-8-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/03/Brexit-Front-Cover-8-683x1024.jpg 683w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/03/Brexit-Front-Cover-8-320x480.jpg 320w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="201" /></a>How to solve Fish Quotas? Continue to let the politicians meeting behind closed doors and override scientific advice? Obviously not. Or use the institutions that <a href="http://schuman.info/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Schuman</a> designed? An open Consultative Committee with equal representatives of</p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Fishing firms,</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Workers and</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Consumers.</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The Committee of Regions and the Economic and Social Committee should elect their members according to the treaties. They are part of the European legislative path.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Fix it!</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2010/07/29/iceland-fish-finance-and-attaining-the-true-acquis/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2010/07/29/iceland-fish-finance-and-attaining-the-true-acquis/</a></strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><ol start="2" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Single Market</strong></li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Import and export and internal circulation inside a Customs Union requires democratically agreed rules.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Problem: ministers want to decide in closed-door councils, rather than open meetings as the treaties say they should.<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2019/10/30/the-european-commission-treats-uk-as-an-island-of-lepers-why/lt-cncl-meet-in-public/" rel="attachment wp-att-8366" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-8366 alignright" height="259" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2019/10/LT-Cncl-meet-in-Public-300x259.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2019/10/LT-Cncl-meet-in-Public-300x259.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2019/10/LT-Cncl-meet-in-Public.png 538w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Solution: Apply the treaty articles on open democracy.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Fix it!</strong></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><ol start="3" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 10.5px; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Governance of the Court</strong></li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2017/10/06/democracy-will-burst-the-brexit-bubble-letter-to-eu-commission/dont-brexit-dcover-isbn-c/" rel="attachment wp-att-7373" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone wp-image-7373" height="508" sizes="(max-width: 705px) 100vw, 705px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-DCover-isbn-C-300x216.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-DCover-isbn-C-300x216.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-DCover-isbn-C-768x554.jpg 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-DCover-isbn-C.jpg 1024w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2017/10/Dont-Brexit-DCover-isbn-C-666x480.jpg 666w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="705" /></a>Every Customs Union requires a final legal arbiter, such as a Court whose decision is respected. The Single Market has the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. All Europeans in the EU and UK are subject Court of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in Strasbourg.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The UK should appeal to the Strasbourg Court about the abuse in the EU “Democratic Deficit” so it can be corrected.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The answer to Brexit is to <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Fix it</strong>!</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The core problem: reform the EU. Europe needs OPEN DEMOCRACY based on the European Community model. The <a href="schuman.info/Lisbon.htm" target="_blank">Lisbon Treaty</a> was implemented not only without public support but AGAINST public opinion as shown in Referendums. Its “European Council” (an institution unknown in the Community system) was designed to <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2016/02/11/britexit4-why-the-uk-referendum-amounts-to-democratic-robbery-for-all-europeans/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">eliminate any Briton</a> from ever becoming the president of the European Commission.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">The Lisbon Treaty was also designed to eliminate Human Rights of the Council of Europe. It tries to replace the Convention by a fiat Charter that people rejected in referendums. What sort of Human Rights are those?</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;">Copies of my book <strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Brexit and Britain’s Vision for Europe</em></strong> were presented to President von der Leyen and Boris Johnson.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tcJKfuMYCk">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3tcJKfuMYCk</a></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Open Sans, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; text-align: justify;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 11.25px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></p><span face=""Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Author : </span><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/author/democracy/" rel="author" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: justify; text-decoration-line: none;" title="Posts by David Heilbron Price">David Heilbron Pric</a>e<div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4129997327464842337.post-53497276366136456022020-11-17T11:59:00.006-08:002020-11-18T00:36:07.623-08:00EHC3. Sick Europe has lost the plot & Big Picture on Defence<div class="content-header" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><p class="pull-right content-date" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: right; font-size: small; margin: 7px 0px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">17, November, 2020</em></p></div><div class="content-content content-single" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: right; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px; padding-top: 10px;">Has Europe lost the Plot on Defence? Are Europe’s leaders blind to the Big Picture too? They seem confused about who Europe’s defence should be aimed against.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The plot has been lost for more than half a century! That does not mean the plotting against Europe has stopped. Europe has been under constant deadly attack since the European Community began.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Realistic Defence ‘against external threats’ is not only about classical bullets and tanks, planes and ships, but about preserving western civilisation in the long term– over a span of a century or more to come.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Europeans have failed to see the big picture — which is prerequisite to understanding what the plot is for defence.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Brexit in Defence</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The potential rupture of UK and Continental European defence efforts, brought about by Brexit, is just one tear in the larger canvas.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Who gains if UK and EU do not patch things up?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Europe is presently war-wounded and in the sick bed. It is overspending trillions of Euros that will affect its future for a generation or more.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">We are presently suffering from the devastation of the Covid-19 plague. The economy has crashed. Major social changes, never considered possible before, have suddenly taken place.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Small firms and workers have lost their livelihood, with often zero chance of regaining a life’s work.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Society has been turned upside down. Some say ‘normal’ will never return.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Families are separated. Old people are isolated. Then, through politicians blind care for national health systems, the same senior citizens are infected in ‘care homes’. The old take by far the biggest death toll.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Normal hospitals, recreation centers, public meetings and churches are closed. What happened to the freedoms that people fought world wars to defend?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Fierce family arguments rage among those that feel the government rules must be adhered to and others who say they are logically incoherent. The rupture of bonds and trust in government may have irreversible consequences for our future.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">War on Western Society</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Disease is war in the human body. It can also be war on society. What have the EU and UK defence agencies done to prevent this disruption, both foreseeing it and presenting policy? The EU has not even tackled properly the security aspects of disease and the cartels in the pharmaceutical industries.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Germs are considered to be the ultimate weapon. But in this case Covid is not a major plague and the death rate is no more than a bad winter. Its effects have, however, been massive.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Wuhan virus acts as a torpedo of economic destruction bringing with it a wave of seemingly deliberately orchestrated panic and fear. Why is panic out of all proportion to the problem?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">To date China, with 1.4 billion people, recorded just 4634 deaths.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Other countries less. Why?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/covid-19-china-deaths-15nov20/" rel="attachment wp-att-9010" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="alignnone wp-image-9010" height="395" sizes="(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Covid-19-China-deaths-15Nov20-300x162.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Covid-19-China-deaths-15Nov20-300x162.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Covid-19-China-deaths-15Nov20-768x414.png 768w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Covid-19-China-deaths-15Nov20-1024x552.png 1024w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Covid-19-China-deaths-15Nov20-825x445.png 825w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Covid-19-China-deaths-15Nov20.png 1088w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 5px 15px 15px 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="731" /></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Chinese Unrestricted Warfare</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Who gains from such devastation of the West? Certainly those who see warfare as multifaceted and a long-term clash for global dominance – a doctrine the Chinese military call ‘<a href="https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.com/2020/04/book-to-buy-unrestricted-warfare.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Unrestricted Warfare</a>’.<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/unrestricted-warfare-cover/" rel="attachment wp-att-9012" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-9012 alignright" height="300" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Unrestricted-Warfare-cover-200x300.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Unrestricted-Warfare-cover-200x300.jpg 200w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Unrestricted-Warfare-cover-320x480.jpg 320w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/Unrestricted-Warfare-cover.jpg 333w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="200" /></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Civilisations like the Chinese think in terms of a centuries-long struggle for mastery of the planet. The ideology predates Mao. They have flexible, opportunistic strategies that use all means to gain it.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Chinese have moved away from the communist pipe-dreams of Marx, Lenin and Stalin. They are fired up by a new syncretic version that sees world submission to the Middle Kingdom or rather Middle Republic ruled by the dictators of the proletariat.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Godless Communism</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Soviet communism left the West in an effete state. The West won the arms race but its youth had absorbed Marxism’s poison of materialism. Dialectical materialism was the reason the USSR failed. It is the reason materialistic China will fail. Any society based on materialism will fail.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It was proved false in the Cold War. Why? Because it denies the spiritual world which is the basis for values like freedom of assembly and debate, human rights and sound belief based on the Creator of the physical universe, its mathematical basis and the Originator of all law and moral order. Denial of the moral order brings an inevitable reaction as much as it does in physics.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Magna Carta and the US Constitution, the European Community, which has brought Europe its longest peace, were not inspired by materialism but directly from our common spiritual heritage.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Atheistic Defeat</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Soviet bloc was shown to be dialectically derelict by Protestants in East Germany, Catholics in Poland and Hungary, and Orthodox and Jews in USSR. The Nazis and the Fascists of Italy suffered the same opposition and the same fate.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Given the lessons of the last century, the West should hopefully begin to understand that it must defend itself against ideologies that have existed for millennia and seek global dominance.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That must include religious ideologies that deny the obvious truths and values of the West. False religious doctrines can be as devastating as false political doctrines.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Blackmail of Infidels</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Half a century ago the West, especially Europe, suffered devastation as severe as a major war. Its huge global currency reserves were snatched away. Europe was reduced to poverty levels and debt.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The cause? A global cartel applying ideology to change western foreign policy. In this case it was religious. After the failure of Egypt, Syria and its allies to annihilate Israel in the 1973 Yom Kippur war, Islamic oil exporters (AOPEC) placed a total oil embargo on the West. That was the equivalent of a declaration of war.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Why? The European States weren’t involved in any fighting. The Arab States wanted to overturn any pro-Israel policy of the Europeans.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">When this jihad stumbled they introduced a four-fold increase of the price of oil. They later quadrupled the price again in 1979.<a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/1973-vw-oil-crisis-2/" rel="attachment wp-att-9013" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="size-medium wp-image-9013 alignright" height="200" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/1973-VW-Oil-Crisis-300x200.jpg" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/1973-VW-Oil-Crisis-300x200.jpg 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/1973-VW-Oil-Crisis.jpg 600w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="300" /></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Europe’s factories closed down.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Motor vehicles ran by horse power not petrol power.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Petrodollar Boom and Bust</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Has Europe today really recovered from this? Certainly the City of London has taken advantage of the flood of recycled petrodollars picked from millions of European pockets, but for the west it debased and diluted the currencies. It has only resulted in turning the currency into a moth-ridden inflationary rag of what was once solid money.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">A dot.com economy based on dot.com imaginary money and bloated stock market graphs will find itself part of a Great Reset.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That monetary illusion makes the west vulnerable to other dangers. Global finance cartels could turn the population into poor slaves. In history it is a well-known technique.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">What is the solution? Is it just to make sure that UK and EU retain common defence structures of the EU?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That would hardly be adequate to deal with any of the above assaults on western civilisation.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">What is required is an up-to-date Community approach to defence that brings together all democratic interests of all society.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Today foreign and global forces can attack critical aspects of society by using modern means of communications. Defence is no longer just Atomic weapons, hypersonic rockets and airplanes. It is also about money, raw materials, religion, chemicals and disease. It is about space wars and the use of the Moon.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Strong Plan</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The European Defence Community of the 1950s was agreed in all parliaments except the French (then dominated by Gaullists and Communists). It was foreseen to work in coordination with the Council of Europe and the safeguards of its Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">That organic link was broken.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">How?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Much of the democratic vision that the Community structure offered was attenuated in the Gaullist and nationalist 1960s and 1970s. De Gaulle turned out to be a dupe or a eighteenth century nationalist dreamer.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/nato-treaty-schuman-sig/" rel="attachment wp-att-9021" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9021 alignright" height="53" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-Treaty-Schuman-sig.png" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="169" /></a>French Prime Minister <a href="https://schuman.info/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Robert Schuman</a>, in contrast, had taken a quite different and highly innovative step to end Europe’s incessant wars and provide a strong common defence.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/nato-treaty1/" rel="attachment wp-att-9020" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9020 alignright" height="186" sizes="(max-width: 276px) 100vw, 276px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-treaty1-300x203.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-treaty1-300x203.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-treaty1.png 521w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="276" /></a>He said in 1948 that the Community must be based on strong, democratic States that sought the means to end wars between themselves.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">He had initiated both the Council of Europe and the Community system with the idea that they should work hand in glove.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Nato was the expansion of the initiative he took in creating the Brussels Treaty Organisation for Continental defence.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/11/17/ech3-sick-europe-has-lost-the-plot-and-big-picture-on-defence/nato-treaty-art-5/" rel="attachment wp-att-9019" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-9019 alignright" height="238" sizes="(max-width: 301px) 100vw, 301px" src="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-treaty-art-5-300x237.png" srcset="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-treaty-art-5-300x237.png 300w, https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/files/2020/11/NATO-treaty-art-5.png 518w" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin: 5px 0px 15px 15px; vertical-align: middle;" width="301" /></a>He was co-author of the Washington Treaty, in particular article 5.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">USSR won this war</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The disinformation battle was won by the Soviet Union.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Eurocommunists, like <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/05/20/altiero-spinelli-false-father-of-a-fraudulent-eu-federation/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Altiero Spinelli</a>, sold gullible politicians a fake bill of goods called a federal Europe. It would only be successful, they said, if European political parties abandoned the democratic Community structure and put the Council of Europe and its human rights in the dustbin. What he did not say was written in his earlier wartime manifesto. He wrote that his goal was to ’emancipate the working class’ and abolish private property.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The ‘federalists’ had no idea what institutions to put in place. The only process they knew was ‘dialectical materialism’ and an end to the rich plutocrat classes whoever they were. The self-selecting theorists would be the new ruling class. This federalist fake, starting with the 1986 Single European Act, set back Europe for decades.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The Community system was replaced by the undemocratic EU, run by the closed-door European Council and the secretive Coreper. The powerful EuroGroup, a committee not mentioned in the treaties as an institution, controls the money and hence the lives of many Europeans.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">From a defence point of view this is flashing red lights. Lack of real democracy makes Europe vulnerable to outside trouble-makers as well as insidious insiders.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Protecting Democracy</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">How does that contrast with a democratic Community system?</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The <a href="https://schuman.info/proppurp.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Coal and Steel Community</strong></em></a> of 1950 provided Europe’s first agency to break international cartels in armaments and other sectors. Coal, steel, arms and banking cartels forced an arms race on indolent governments. That led to World Wars 1 and II. An industrial cartel with major international links to US and other <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secret_Meeting_of_20_February_1933#:~:text=The%20Secret%20Meeting%20of%2020,campaign%20of%20the%20Nazi%20Party" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">capitalists paid for Hitler</a>.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The later <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Atomic Energy Community, <a href="https://schuman.info/euratom.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">Euratom</a></strong></em>, prevented the outbreak of atomic war amongst its member States.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The <a href="https://schuman.info/supra5.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">European Economic Community</strong></em></a> / Customs Union provided the means to prevent trade wars among member States and protect all against external threats.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Big Picture</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Today we need to regain the big picture.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">There is no reason to limit western defence to the present Member States of the EU. The projected European Health Community of 1952 was <a href="https://eurdemocracy.blogspot.com/2020/07/ehc2-schumans-european-health-community.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">open to all European States</a> from Turkey to Iceland.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">It would have been invaluable in <a href="https://democracy.blogactiv.eu/2020/07/20/ech1-schumans-european-health-community-would-have-rescued-europe-from-todays-covid-19-disaster/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #008cba; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none;">fighting Covid</a>.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">Today, Europe’s democratic structure is not fit to provide the debating and deciding mechanism for warfare that might attack on all sides. For example in the UK major parliamentary reform was necessary before the Chinese virus struck. Brexit was the result, not democratic reform of the EU.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">For defence strategy and management that indistinct parliamentary voice was stifled by the pandemic. Parliaments and ‘democracy’ became virtual. The press was suppressed.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Democracy defends itself</strong></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The needed democratic structure should allow the voices of all people to be heard. They are the ones who can detect early warning signs. Industrialists, trade-unionists and consumers can provide much expert analysis of the threats to Europe. A democratic Europe is its best defence.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">The rickety structures of today, shaken by pandemics from China, energy embargoes and extortion from ideological foes, materialism, neo-Marxist propaganda, and arms cartels will not make Europeans feel safe and secure at home.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;">A return to first principles is urgent.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10.5px;"> </p></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">(c) Bron ; Eurdemocracy (c) Bron</div>David Heilbron Pricehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04552429629585180478noreply@blogger.com0